美国国家公共电台 NPR--Life Kit: The importance of inclusion in sex education

Life Kit¹: The importance of inclusion in sex education

Transcript²

Some state lawmakers are working to restrict the rights of LGBTQ youth. For some students, that means sex education can miss some important points.

LEILA FADEL, HOST:

Across the country, some state lawmakers are working to restrict the rights of LGBTQ youth. On Friday, a Florida bill went into effect that restricts school personnel from discussing sexual orientation³ or gender⁴ identity in class. Opponents have called it the don't say gay law. More than a dozen states have proposed similar bills. This could affect what students are taught in sex education. For NPR's Life Kit, Lilly Quiroz explains the basics of queer sex education.

And please be aware, this story contains frank discussions about sex.

LILLY QUIROZ, BYLINE⁵: Before we dive in, you should know that the takeaways we're going to cover here can apply to anyone, no matter what your identity is. So what is sex? Well, it's sort of whatever you want it to be. Let's first debunk⁶ the obviously false notion that sex can only be heterosexual or involve intercourse⁷.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED NPR BROADCAST)

MILENA GIOCONDA DAVIS: Expanding our notion of what sex can look like is super important.

QUIROZ: Meet sexuality educator Milena Gioconda Davis, who also goes by their stage name, Milena Gaze. They are a performer and co-founder and director at Vulgar, based in Mexico City.

GIOCONDA DAVIS: One of the awesome⁸ opportunities about being a queer person is that we may not be as entrenched⁹ in some of the gender narratives¹⁰ and roles that can be kind of prescriptive around sexuality. So I think it can be a really amazing opportunity for us to explore our sexuality outside of those norms and patterns. It can also be kind of confusing because it could just be like, well, what do I do?

QUIROZ: Know that there isn't a singular or right way to have sex. Sex can be whatever brings you pleasure.

And Milena Gaze encourages you to create your own definition of sex.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED NPR BROADCAST)

GIOCONDA DAVIS: For me, it would be, like, pleasure-oriented experiences or interactions that involve some sort of arousal. You know, that doesn't mean that it has to end in orgasm.

QUIROZ: This last point is pretty important. Not everyone experiences them, and not everybody wants to.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED NPR BROADCAST)

QUIROZ: Human sexuality is very complex. Throughout time, you can be firm that you are fluid and firm that you are not. You can also not know or not feel strongly about your identity, and that's also fine.

GIOCONDA DAVIS: So I think it's important to empower everyone with the information that they need so that they can make decisions with their body and not assume that, like, identities are going to be static forever.

QUIROZ: All right, y'all. Our second takeaway is get to know your body and discover what pleasure feels like to you. So why do we even have sex? Well, for one reason, many of us enjoy the pleasure it gives us, right? And one of the best parts about it is that we can access a lot of that pleasure on our own. So set the mood, just like you might for someone you're interested in, and have a date night to yourself. Explore every inch of your body.

Ericka Hart is a sexuality educator with a focus in racial, social and gender justice.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED NPR BROADCAST)

ERICKA HART: Young people should know all of their genitals.

QUIROZ: Exploring your anatomy¹¹ - how it looks, how it feels and how it functions - will get you one step closer to understanding your sexual needs and wants. It's also possible to discover you might not have any of those needs or wants. Now, depending on what your sex history looks like, you may already know some of what you like sexually. Some of it might be informed by the messages you've gotten from society.

HART: It's a matter of just taking in messages that you're receiving from the world and seeing if they are a fit or not.

QUIROZ: And if those messages don't apply to you, work on unlearning them.

HART: Regardless of, you know, who you're having sex with - that you get to say, like, this is what feels good for my body - right? - and this is what doesn't feel good for my body.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED NPR BROADCAST)

QUIROZ: Once you figure out what does affirm you, you can choose to throw a person into the mix, and you can communicate with them some of what you've just learned. So think of it this way. You're basically providing another person with your guidebook, and they can provide you with theirs. As time goes by, you might get more comfortable sharing more guidelines. Also know that changing the guidelines is fair game.

And that's our third takeaway - communication should be ongoing¹² with sexual partners to make sure everyone is comfortable and satisfied.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED NPR BROADCAST)

QUIROZ: Of course, consent is part of this conversation.

HART: Consent is also ongoing. Have a conversation about that. Get more specific, right? Specific is another value - another aspect that has to be included in consent.

QUIROZ: So don't be afraid or embarrassed to ask for what you want. Listening is also necessary. If someone says no to a particular act, it's important to respect that. Hart recommends Scarleteen's website, with its "Yes, No, Maybe So: A Sexual Inventory¹³ Stocklist." This checklist helps you decide what your boundaries are, what physical and non-physical acts you're comfortable with, what words affirm you and more. You and your partner should go through this list individually at first. Then, you can compare notes. Here's another way this can look.

HART: I think it's different for just about anybody, but I would say let's have a conversation about what feels good for our bodies. You know, I think that would feel good for me, right? I statements are important. Is that something that you want to do?

QUIROZ: This communication should be ongoing if you continue pursuing sexual activities with the same person. Bodies and bodily expression can change, so it's good to make sure you and your sexual partners remain comfortable.

All right, before we go, I want to leave y'all with one final takeaway - don't let shame or stigma¹⁴ prevent you from caring for your sexual health.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED NPR BROADCAST)

QUIROZ: We've come a long way in the medical field, but Melina Gaze says some stigmas¹⁵ have stuck around.

What are the misconceptions around STIs or STDs?

GIOCONDA DAVIS: Oh, my God, there are so many (laughter). I think the biggest thing is that STIs make you dirty, which is just a terrible lie. And also, I think the other one is, like, if you get an STI, your sex life is over. Like, no - most STIs are curable or treatable, and it doesn't have to be, like, this mark of shame.

QUIROZ: Lastly, Gaze says that your mental health is also a part of your sexual health. If you want to hear more on that and the takeaways you just heard, you can listen to the full episode at npr.org/lifekit. For NPR News, I'm Lilly Quiroz.

1 kit   

n.用具包，成套工具；随身携带物

参考例句：

• The kit consisted of about twenty cosmetic items.整套工具包括大约20种化妆用品。
• The captain wants to inspect your kit.船长想检查你的行装。

2 transcript   

n.抄本，誊本，副本，肄业证书

参考例句：

• A transcript of the tapes was presented as evidence in court.一份录音带的文字本作为证据被呈交法庭。
• They wouldn't let me have a transcript of the interview.他们拒绝给我一份采访的文字整理稿。

3 orientation   

n.方向，目标；熟悉，适应，情况介绍

参考例句：

• Children need some orientation when they go to school.小孩子上学时需要适应。
• The traveller found his orientation with the aid of a good map.旅行者借助一幅好地图得知自己的方向。

4 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。

5 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

6 debunk   

v.揭穿真相，暴露

参考例句：

• let's debunk some of the most common falsehoods.让我们来揭穿一些最常见的谬误吧。
• Sequences of maps can also debunk misconceptions.一系列的地图，也有助于厘清错误概念。

7 intercourse   

n.性交；交流，交往，交际

参考例句：

• The magazine becomes a cultural medium of intercourse between the two peoples.该杂志成为两民族间文化交流的媒介。
• There was close intercourse between them.他们过往很密。

8 awesome   

adj.令人惊叹的，难得吓人的，很好的

参考例句：

• The church in Ireland has always exercised an awesome power.爱尔兰的教堂一直掌握着令人敬畏的权力。
• That new white convertible is totally awesome.那辆新的白色折篷汽车简直棒极了.

9 entrenched   

adj.确立的，不容易改的(风俗习惯)

参考例句：

• Television seems to be firmly entrenched as the number one medium for national advertising.电视看来要在全国广告媒介中牢固地占据头等位置。
• If the enemy dares to attack us in these entrenched positions,we will make short work of them.如果敌人胆敢进攻我们固守的阵地，我们就消灭他们。

10 narratives   

记叙文( narrative的名词复数 )； 故事； 叙述； 叙述部分

参考例句：

• Marriage, which has been the bourne of so many narratives, is still a great beginning. 结婚一向是许多小说的终点，然而也是一个伟大的开始。
• This is one of the narratives that children are fond of. 这是孩子们喜欢的故事之一。

11 anatomy   

n.解剖学，解剖；功能，结构，组织

参考例句：

• He found out a great deal about the anatomy of animals.在动物解剖学方面，他有过许多发现。
• The hurricane's anatomy was powerful and complex.对飓风的剖析是一项庞大而复杂的工作。

12 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。

13 inventory   

n.详细目录，存货清单

参考例句：

• Some stores inventory their stock once a week.有些商店每周清点存货一次。
• We will need to call on our supplier to get more inventory.我们必须请供应商送来更多存货。

14 stigma   

n.耻辱，污名；(花的)柱头

参考例句：

• Being an unmarried mother used to carry a social stigma.做未婚母亲在社会上曾是不光彩的事。
• The stigma of losing weighed heavily on the team.失败的耻辱让整个队伍压力沉重。

15 stigmas   

n.耻辱的标记，瑕疵( stigma的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Wind may affect the set of fruit by desiccating the stigmas. 风可影响座果，因为风吹干了柱头。 来自辞典例句
• Monterey's transpiration of pistils and stigmas are lowest. Monterey的柱头和雌蕊的失水速率均较低。 来自互联网