新西兰英语 331 Earthquake hits Canterbury

　　A strong earthquake hit Canterbury just after 4.30 this morning. It was 7.1 on the Richter scale. This is about the same as the Haiti earthquake but very fortunately no one was killed. Two people are in hospital with serious injuries. The population of Canterbury is only about 560,000.
The earthquake was centred about 30km west of Christchurch and was quite shallow¹, only about 10km deep. There is a lot of damage to buildings in some parts of Canterbury while other parts have very little damage. The railway lines are twisted west of Christchurch. The central city area in Christchurch has many old buildings which have lost walls, chimneys² and roofs. Some areas in the east have large cracks and holes in the ground. There are flooded streets in some places.
Most places in Christchurch had no power or water for some time this morning. However, on some streets, there were broken water pipes sending jets³ of water into the air. A fire started in one building when the power came on again.
The first shock lasted less than a minute but was very scary. Most people jumped out of bed as soon as the quake started, to stand under a doorway⁴. Buildings shook back and forward and it was almost impossible to walk until the shaking stopped. Smaller after-shocks are still continuing. They are also scary.
It was lucky this happened when most people were home in bed and not out on the streets.
Questions
1. What is the safest thing to do when an earthquake hits at night when people are asleep?
2. What is the safest thing to do when an earthquake hits during the day when people are at work or school?
3. What can you do to your house to prepare for an earthquake?

1 shallow   

adj.浅的，肤浅的，浅显易懂的；n.(pl.)浅滩，浅处；v.变浅

参考例句：

• The dish is too shallow to serve soup in.盘子太浅，盛不了汤。
• His analysis was always shallow.他的分析总是很肤浅的。

2 chimneys   

n.烟囱( chimney的名词复数 )；烟筒；（岩石间可供攀登的）狭孔；狭缝

参考例句：

• the silhouette of chimneys and towers 烟囱和塔楼的轮廓
• You can differentiate between the houses by the shape of their chimneys. 你可以凭借烟囱形状的不同来区分这两幢房子。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 jets   

n.喷嘴( jet的名词复数 )；喷气式飞机；喷射流；煤玉

参考例句：

• The firemen directed jets of water at the burning building. 消防队员把水柱喷向燃烧着的楼房。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The giant jets that increasingly dominate the world's airways. 越来越称雄于世界航线的巨型喷气机。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 doorway   

n.门口，(喻)入门；门路，途径

参考例句：

• They huddled in the shop doorway to shelter from the rain.他们挤在商店门口躲雨。
• Mary suddenly appeared in the doorway.玛丽突然出现在门口。