中级美国英语 第三十三课

一.本课要点及示例

在这一课里,我们学习反问句,比方 "你不懂吗?" Don't you understand? "你跟我一起看电视好吗?" Won't you watch television with me? 等等. 现在我们先来听今天这一课的对话, 内容是说亨利跟凯特谈起看球赛的事情.请你注意两位英文老师的发音和语调.

F: Henry, why don't we go out to lunch today, and visit some friends?
M: And miss today's football game? Washington and Los Angeles are playing. I can't miss 　　　 that.
F: Honestly, Henry. Don't you ever get tired of football games?
M: This will be one of the best games of the year, and I haven't seen Washington play for
　 years.
F: Every year, as soon as the leaves start changing,you start spending Sunday afternoons in 　 front of the television watching football.
M: Why don't you watch it with me? You might like it.
F: I have better thing to do with my Sunday afternoons. Besides, it's too rough for me.

下面我请英文老师用慢速度再把对话念一遍.

F: Henry, why don't we go out to lunch today, and visit some friends?
M: And miss today's football game? Washington and Los Angeles are playing. I can't miss 　　　 that.
F: Honestly, Henry. Don't you ever get tired of football games?
M: This will be one of the best games of the year, and I haven't seen Washington play for
　 years.
F: Every year, as soon as the leaves start changing,you start spending Sunday afternoons in 　 front of the television watching football.
M: Why don't you watch it with me? You might like it.
F: I have better thing to do with my Sunday afternoons. Besides, it's too rough for me.

现在我们把对话里的反问句再听一遍.

F: Why don't we go out to lunch today?
F: Don't you ever get tired of football games?
M: Why don't you watch it with me?

二.反问句

听了上面的句子, 或许你对反问句的用法已经有了概念. 一般说来反问句都是以动词或是助动词否定结构. 比方 don't, can't, isn't 开头, 在追问原因的时候就把 why, w-h-y, why 放在句子的最前头, 比方对话里的 Why don't you watch it with me? 就是一个例子. 反问句有几种用途, 比方可以用来提出建议, 对话里的 Why don't we go out to lunch today? 意思就等于 Let's go out to lunch today! 也就是 "我们今天出去吃中饭吧!" 现在我们作一组练习, 把这两种说法作个比较, 练习的内容都跟各种不同运动有关系, 比方 "英式足球" soccer, "曲棍球" hockey, "赛车" car racing¹, "拳击赛"boxing match, "世界棒球赛" baseball world series, "锦标赛" championship game 等等. 练习的作法是老师用 let's 开头说一句话, 比方 Let's watch the championship game.你就用 Why don't we 开头把句子改成 Why don't we watch the championship game? 现在我们开始作练习, 每作完一句就请你听老师念正确答案.

M: Let's play soccer.
F: Why don't we play soccer?
M: Let's play hockey.
F: Why don't we play hockey?
M: Let's go see a boxing match.
F: Why don't we go see a boxing match?
M: Let's go see car racing.
F: Why don't we go see car racing?
M: Let's go running.
F: Why don't we go running?
M: Let's watch the baseball world series.
F: Why don't we watch the baseball world series?
M: Let's watch the championship game.
F: Why don't we watch the championship game?
M: Let's stay home and watch the football game.
F: Why don't we stay home and watch the football game?

下面我们作一组练习, 学学怎么用反问句邀请别人作一件事情, 比方你要邀请别人跟你一起打网球. 你可以这样说: Won't you play tennis with me? 这句话的意思跟我们以前学过的 Would you play tennis with me? 大同小异. 现在我们把这两种说法作个比较, 老师用 Would 开头说一句话, 你就用 won't 开头把句子改成反问句, 现在我们开始作练习, 每作完一句就请你听老师念正确答案.

M: Would you play tennis with me?
F: Won't you play tennis with me?
M: Would you go to the football game with me?
F: Won't you go to the football game with me?
M: Would you go to the soccer game with me?
F: Won't you go to the soccer game with me?
M: Would you go to the hockey game with me?
F: Won't you go to the hockey game with me?
M: Would you go see a boxing match with me?
F: Won't you go see a boxing match with me?
M: Would you go see car racing with me?
F: Won't you go see car racing with me?
M: Would you watch the baseball world series with me?
F: Won't you watch the baseball world series with me?
M: Would you watch the championship game with me?
F: Won't you watch the championship game with me?

下面我们作一组练习, 学学用 why don't you 向别人提出建议. 比方圣诞节快要到了, 凯特不知道该给儿子彼得买什么圣诞礼物. 她跟亨利商量.亨利知道彼得喜欢运动, 于是就建议说: "你为什么不给他买一根棒球棒呢?" Why don't you buy him a baseball bat? 现在我们作一组代换练习, 学学这种说法. 练习的作法是老师先念一个句子, 接着老师提出一些运动器材的名称, 比方 "棒球面罩"baseball mask, "足球头盔" football helmet, "网球拍" tennis racket, "旱冰鞋"rollerskates, "滑雪的时候穿的外套" ski jacket, "打曲棍球用的棍子" hockey stick 等等. 请你把你听到的代换到原来的句子里. 每作完一句老师就念正确答案给你听.

M: Why don't you buy him a baseball bat?
M: a baseball mask
F: Why don't you buy him a baseball mask?
M: baseball gloves
F: Why don't you buy him baseball gloves?
M: a football helmet
F: Why don't you buy him a football helmet?
M: a tennis racket
F: Why don't you buy him a tennis racket?
M: a ski jacket
F: Why don't you buy him a ski jacket?
M: a hockey stick
F: Why don't you buy him hockey stick?
M: a pair of ice skates
F: Why don't you buy him a pair of ice skates?
M: a pair of rollerskates
F: Why don't you buy him a pair of rollerskates?

刚才我们用 why don't you 作了一些反问句, 表示向别人提议. 现在我们把这种说法跟另外一种反问句作个比较. 练习的作法是老师用 why don't you 提出一个建议, 比方 Why don't you buy him a baseball bat? 请你把句子改成:"给他买棒球棒不是更好吗?" Isn't it better to buy him a baseball bat? 现在我们开始作练习, 每作完一句老师就念正确答案给你听.

M: Why don't you buy him a baseball bat?
F: Isn't it better to buy him a baseball bat?
M: Why don't you buy him a baseball mask?
F: Isn't it better to buy him a baseball mask?
M: Why don't you buy him a baseball gloves?
F: Isn't it better to buy him a baseball gloves?
M: Why don't you buy him a football helmet?
F: Isn't it better to buy him a football helmet?
M: Why don't you buy him a tennis racket?
F: Isn't it better to buy him a tennis racket?
M: Why don't you buy him a ski jacket?
F: Isn't it better to buy him a ski jacket?
M: Why don't you buy him a hockey stick?
F: Isn't it better to buy him a hockey stick?
M: Why don't you buy him a pair of ice skates?
F: Isn't it better to buy him a pair of ice skates?
M: Why don't you buy him a pair of rollerskates?
F: Isn't it better to buy him a pair of rollerskates?

三.用反问句表疑问

下面我们学学用反问句来表示对某件事情感到怀疑. 比方彼得最喜欢的球队要跟另外一个球队打决赛, 可是他居然因为有别的事不去, 他妹妹琳达知道了觉得很奇怪就问他说: "你难道不要给你最喜欢的球队加油吗?" Don't you want to cheer your favorite team? 当琳达发现彼得对看球赛不那么感兴趣了就问他说: "难道你从来不想跟职业运动员一样棒吗? "Don't you ever want to be as skillful² as professional athletes? 下面琳达问彼得一些问题, 请你每听一句就跟着学生把句子重复一遍.

F: Aren't you going to the championship game tonight?
M: Aren't you going to the championship game tonight?
F: Don't you want to cheer your favorite team?
M: Don't you want to cheer your favorite team?
F: Can't you change your plan and go to the game?
M: Can't you change your plan and go to the game?
F: Don't you want to be as skillful as the professional athletes?
M: Don't you want to be as skillful as the professional athletes?
F: Don't you want to be as rich as the professional athletes?
M: Don't you want to be as rich as the professional athletes?

四.回答反问句

现在我们学习怎么回答反问句. 在中文里如果有人问你: 你不喜欢棒球吗? 要是你不喜欢你就回答说: 是的, 我不喜欢; 可是在英文里, 你就必须这样说: No,I don't like it. 在下面一组练习里,有人问凯特一些有关运动的问题, 这些问题凯特都一一的作否定的答覆. 下面就是一个例子:

M: Aren't you going to the football game tonight?
F: No, I am not going to the football game tonight.

现在请你注意听问题, 并且跟凯特一起回答问题.

M: Didn't you watch the football game last night?
F: No, I didn't watch the football game last night.
M: Didn't you know that it was the championship game?
F: No, I didn't know that it was the championship game.
M: Don't you feel sorry that you missed it?
F: No, I don't feel sorry that I missed it.
M: Don't you like professional sports?
F: No, I don't like professional sports.
M: Don't you think that professional sports are interesting?
F: No, I don't think that professional sports are interesting.

五.听短文回答问题

在刚才那组练习里, 凯特表示她对职业球赛不感兴趣, 但是一般美国人跟她大不相同. 许多美国人是运动迷, 他们对许多球类运动特别热衷,尤其是棒球. 下面我们要听的文章介绍的就是在美国很受欢迎的几种球类运动. 现在请你注意听. 等一会儿我们要根据文章问你几个问题.

Professional sports are very popular in the United States, and they are big business.
The most popular sports are baseball, football and basketball. Each has its own season,
and millions of supporters. Professional teams are named for the cities where they are
located. Their strongest supporters live in these cities. When a team plays in a championship game, most people in the city follow the game with interest and enthusiasm³.
Basketball is well known around the world. Professional basketball games in the United
States are played indoors⁴ during the winter months. From November to April one can find
a professional basketball game several nights a week in most large American cities.
Baseball is an American sport. It has been called the national pass-time. The game is
played in the evenings nearly everyday of the week and on weekends as well.
The season begins in April and finishes with the World series in October.
Football has become the most popular professional sport in the U.S. It is played on
Sundays during the fall from August to January. American football is different from
international football, which Americans call soccer. Both games require strength and
specialized skills.
Professional athletes are very well paid. The most famous athletes make millions of
dollars for their playing skill. America's best athletes have higher salaries than the
country's president.

现在我们先来听今天测验的三个问题.

第一个问题是:
M: When are professional basketball games played indoors?

第二个问题是:
M: When is professional football played?

第三个问题是:
M: Do professional athletes make a lot of money?

现在我请老师用慢速度再把文章念一遍.

Professional sports are very popular in the United States, and they are big business.
The most popular sports are baseball, football and basketball. Each has its own season,
and millions of supporters. Professional teams are named for the cities where they are
located. Their strongest supporters live in these cities. When a team plays in a
championship game, most people in the city follow the game with interest and enthusiasm.
Basketball is well known around the world. Professional basketball games in the United
States are played indoors during the winter months. From November to April one can find
a professional basketball game several nights a week in most large American cities.
Baseball is an American sport. It has been called the national pass-time. The game is
played in the evenings nearly everyday of the week and on weekends as well.
The season begins in April and finishes with the World series in October.
Football has become the most popular professional sport in the U.S. It is played on
Sundays during the fall from August to January. American football is different from
international football, which Americans call soccer. Both games require strength and
specialized skills.
Professional athletes are very well paid. The most famous athletes make millions of
dollars for their playing skill. America's best athletes have higher salaries than the
country's president.

现在请你回答你刚才听过的三个问题. 每回答一个问题, 就请你听老师念正确答案.

第一个问题是:
M: When are professional basketball games played indoors?
F: They are played indoors during the winter months.

第二个问题是:
M: When is professional football played?
F: It is played on Sundays during the fall.

第三个问题是:
M: Do professional athletes make a lot of money?
F: Yes, they do.

1 racing   

n.竞赛，赛马；adj.竞赛用的，赛马用的

参考例句：

• I was watching the racing on television last night.昨晚我在电视上看赛马。
• The two racing drivers fenced for a chance to gain the lead.两个赛车手伺机竞相领先。

2 skillful   

adj.灵巧的，熟练的

参考例句：

• Soon they became very skillful in answering such questions.很快他们就会很熟练地回答这种问题了。
• It was very skillful of you to repair my bicycle.你修好了我的自行车，技术真好。

3 enthusiasm   

n.热情，激情；巨大兴趣；热衷的事物

参考例句：

• We set about our task at once with great enthusiasm.我们立刻兴致勃勃地干起来。
• A team which is full of enthusiasm is more likely to win.情绪高涨的球队更可能获胜。

4 indoors   

adv.(在)室内，(在)户内

参考例句：

• Because of the coldness of the weather we stayed indoors.我们因天气寒冷呆在家里。
• It is very cold outside,you'd better come indoors across the board.外面很冷，你们所有人最好都进屋。