美国有线新闻 CNN 罗格斯大学要求学生秋季返校前需全部接种疫苗

This Fall Rutgers University says it will require its students to be vaccinated¹ against COVID-19.

今年秋季，罗格斯大学表示将要求学生接种新冠肺炎疫苗。

Can it legally do that? That is the question that leads off today's show.

这合法吗？这个问题就是今天节目的首个内容。

Rutgers is based in the state of New Jersey².

罗格斯大学位于新泽西州。

It's a large school. It has three main campuses and enrolls³ more than 70,000 students in all

该大学的规模很大。其有三个主要校区，在校学生总计超过7万名，

and it's one of the first American universities to announce that most of those students will need a coronavirus vaccine⁴ come Fall semester.

是首批宣布大部分学生在秋季学期需要接种冠状病毒疫苗的美国大学之一。

There are exceptions to this rule.

这条规定也有例外。

Rutgers says students can request an exemption⁵, permission to attend without getting the vaccine, for religious or medical reasons

罗格斯大学表示，学生可以出于宗教或医学原因申请豁免，在没有接种疫苗的情况下入学，

and the rule won't apply at all to students who attend online without actually setting foot on Rutgers campuses.

而这一规定不适用于没有进入罗格斯大学校园、只在线上学习的学生。

But the rest of those who do will have to show proof they've been vaccinated.

但其他学生必须证明他们接种过疫苗。

At this point Rutgers faculty⁶ is not required to get the vaccines⁷ though they are strongly encouraged to do so.

目前，罗格斯大学的教职工不需要接种疫苗，不过校方强烈建议他们接种疫苗。

Everyone on campus still has to participate in Rutgers COVID testing programs

校园里的每个人都必须参加罗格斯大学的新冠肺炎检测项目，

and everyone is still required to wear masks and keep their distance from one another on campus.

而且每个人都要佩戴口罩，并在校园里保持距离。

The university says the decisions are in support of its commitment to health and safety for all members of its community

该大学表示，这些决定是为了支持其对校园内所有人健康和安全的承诺，

but it is a change from earlier this year

但这与今年早些时候的情况有所不同，

when a senior chancellor⁸ said that in line with Rutgers stance on protecting human liberties, the vaccine was not mandatory⁹.

当时一名高级校长表示，接种疫苗与罗格斯大学保护人类自由的立场一致，即并非强制性要求。

Most colleges require students to have certain vaccines before they can attend classes.

大多数大学要求学生在上课前必须接种某种疫苗。

What's different about the coronavirus vaccines it that they haven't been formally approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

冠状病毒疫苗的不同之处在于，它们尚未得到美国食品和药物管理局（简称FDA）的正式批准。

The three vaccines that Americans can get are authorized¹⁰ for emergency use.

美国人可以接种的三种疫苗被授权紧急使用。

And the FDA says people have to be informed that they may either accept or refuse the drugs.

美国食品和药物管理局表示，人们必须被告知他们可以接受或这些疫苗。

That's where experts say it's not clear if Rutgers or any organization can legally require people to be vaccinated.

专家表示，目前尚不清楚罗格斯大学或任何组织是否可以合法地要求人们接种疫苗。

Some say that people's choice whether or not to get a vaccine needs to be protected.

有人认为，人们是否接种疫苗的选择需要受到保护。

Others say that courts will probably side with employers or states that require the vaccine

另一些人则认为，法院可能会支持要求接种疫苗的雇主或各州，

but that it's been argued in the past that the drugs are still experimental and should not be required.

但过去有人称，这些药物仍处于试验阶段，不应被要求接种。

So there's a lot of uncertainty¹¹ about the future of coronavirus vaccine requirements on or off campus.

因此，校园内外对未来冠状病毒疫苗的要求存在很多不确定性。

Parts of middle Tennessee are struggling to recover from deadly flash flooding that started last weekend.

田纳西州中部部分地区正在努力从上周末开始的致命山洪中恢复。

Severe storms that rolled over the state on Saturday triggered a flash flood emergency.

周六席卷该州的强风暴引发山洪紧急状态。

Some places got five to nine inches of rain. That's more than Tennessee usually gets in the entire month of March.

有些地方的降雨量达到5至8英寸。这比田纳西州通常整个三月的降雨量还要多。

The forecast calls for another inch to an inch and a half of rain tomorrow.

天气预报显示，明天的降雨量可达1英寸到1.5英寸。

That's normally no big deal according to the National Weather Service but because the state is so waterlogged now,

美国国家气象局表示，这在平常并不是大问题，但由于该州现在积水严重，

the additional precipitation could further swell¹² rivers, set a new record for rainfall and trigger additional flash flooding.

额外的降水可能会使河流进一步上涨，创下新的降雨记录，并引发新的山洪。

1 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

2 jersey   

n.运动衫

参考例句：

• He wears a cotton jersey when he plays football.他穿运动衫踢足球。
• They were dressed alike in blue jersey and knickers.他们穿着一致，都是蓝色的运动衫和灯笼短裤。

3 enrolls   

v.[亦作enrol]( enroll的第三人称单数 )；登记，招收，使入伍（或入会、入学等），参加，成为成员；记入名册；卷起，包起

参考例句：

• Enrolls the newborn register of names to print afterward and to mail. 录取新生名册随后打印并寄发。 来自互联网
• The association enrolls 100, 000 members. 该协会拥有10万名会员。 来自互联网

4 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

5 exemption   

n.豁免，免税额，免除

参考例句：

• You may be able to apply for exemption from local taxes.你可能符合资格申请免除地方税。
• These goods are subject to exemption from tax.这些货物可以免税。

6 faculty   

n.才能；学院，系；(学院或系的)全体教学人员

参考例句：

• He has a great faculty for learning foreign languages.他有学习外语的天赋。
• He has the faculty of saying the right thing at the right time.他有在恰当的时候说恰当的话的才智。

7 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

8 chancellor   

n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长

参考例句：

• They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
• He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

9 mandatory   

adj.命令的；强制的；义务的；n.受托者

参考例句：

• It's mandatory to pay taxes.缴税是义务性的。
• There is no mandatory paid annual leave in the U.S.美国没有强制带薪年假。

10 authorized   

a.委任的，许可的

参考例句：

• An administrative order is valid if authorized by a statute.如果一个行政命令得到一个法规的认可那么这个命令就是有效的。

11 uncertainty   

n.易变，靠不住，不确知，不确定的事物

参考例句：

• Her comments will add to the uncertainty of the situation.她的批评将会使局势更加不稳定。
• After six weeks of uncertainty,the strain was beginning to take its toll.6个星期的忐忑不安后，压力开始产生影响了。

12 swell   

vi.膨胀，肿胀；增长，增强

参考例句：

• The waves had taken on a deep swell.海浪汹涌。
• His injured wrist began to swell.他那受伤的手腕开始肿了。