2019年CRI 中国运输业取得重大进步

The number 1 bus line on Beijing's Chang'an Avenue was one of the first bus routes to be established in the city after the founding of New China.

Chang Hongxia is the head of the group of bus drivers who work on route number 1.

"In the past, China's buses were dependent on foreign imports and truck modifications¹. Our bus lines only ran through the center of Beijing. But now, we have our own domestic buses that can run through the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and even in villages in the mountainous regions. We used to pay for our bus tickets using paper tickets and IC cards, but now we can simply use our phones to scan to buy a ticket."

Compared with urban transportation, rural transportation has experienced even bigger changes.

Zeng Yun is a road maintenance worker in Jiang'an County in Sichuan Province.

"The roads at that time were mostly mud. People usually walked to work. We seldom saw people bike to work. Road maintenance work was very difficult, because the maintenance workers can only transfer heavy materials on their shoulders. With China's reform and opening up and the growing economy, we re-built the roads, and turned them into cement and asphalt roads. After these roads were fixed², the maintenance work became much easier."

Zeng Yun said that around 300 kilometers of new roads are constructed in Jiang'an County every year.

There are now bus services in 85 percent of the villages in the county, and the new roads make it even easier for local residents to travel.

China's water transportation has also developed very rapidly.

Jiang Long is the captain of Sea Patrol Number 1, which is China's biggest and most advanced maritime³ ship. It's been responsible for carrying out a lot of rescue missions.

"China wasn't able to build a 10,000-ton freighter until 1960. But now the biggest freighter in the world was made in China. It can ship over 21,000 TEU containers around the world. In the early days after the founding of New China, fewer than 10 patrol boats were qualified⁴ to perform safety supervision⁵. Now the number is around 900."

Official stats show that by the end of 2018, the total railway operation mileage⁶ reached 131,000 kilometers in China, five times higher than 1949, while the high-speed railway exceeded 29,000 kilometers, accounting⁷ for more than 60 percent of the world's total.

The total length of highways reached nearly 4.9 million kilometers, 59 times as much as the country had in 1949.

Inland waterways have expanded to 127,000 kilometers in mileage, while civil aviation flight routes surged over 700 times from 1950, to over 8 million kilometers in 2018.

The country also boasts 235 civil airports.

For CRI, I'm Xiao Yi.

北京长安街上的1路公交是新中国成立后北京市最先运行的公交线路之一。

常洪霞是在1路公交路线的“车长”。

“公交车辆从依赖进口、卡车改装，到实现国产。公交线路从以前不出二环，到现在长途公交化、山区村村通、直通京津冀。我们的支付方式从纸票、IC卡，到现在可以刷码乘车。”

和城市交通相比，农村交通更是发生了翻天覆地的变化。

曾云在四川省宜宾市江安县从事公路养护工作。

“那时的路面大多数都是泥巴路，工人们上下班都只能通过步行，骑自行车的都非常少见。养护只有通过人力来进行，运输材料也只能靠肩挑背扛，养护起来特别困难而且特别辛苦。随着改革开放的深入，国家财力的不断增大，我们花大力气对普通公路进行了改建，路面由原来的沙石路、泥巴路全部改建为水泥混凝土路面或者是沥青混凝土路面。公路修好了，养护工作也可以更好开展。”

曾云说，现在江安县农村公路以每年约300公里左右的里程在增加。

江安县85%以上的建制村都通了客车，这为民众生产生活出行带来了很大的方便。

中国水上运输能力也飞跃式发展。

姜龙是“海巡01”轮的船长，一号海上巡逻舰的船长，“海巡01”是目前中国规模最大、装备最先进的海事公务船，多次参与重大救援行动。

“直到1960年，新中国才有能力建设万吨货轮。而现在世界最大的、我国自主建造的、可以装载21000个标准箱超大型集装箱船已经航行在世界各地。新中国成立初期，我国能够用于水上安全监管的巡逻艇不足10艘，现在直属海事巡逻艇接近900艘。”

官方统计数据显示，截至2018年底，中国铁路运营总里程达到13.1万公里，比1949年高出5倍，而高速铁路超过29000公里，在全球占比超过60%。

全国公路总里程达到近490万公里，是1949年的59倍。

内陆水道的里程数达到127,000公里，而民航航线从1950年增加了734倍，到2018年已超过800万公里。

中国还拥有235个民航机场。

CRI新闻，肖毅（音译）报道。

1 modifications   

n.缓和( modification的名词复数 )；限制；更改；改变

参考例句：

• The engine was pulled apart for modifications and then reassembled. 发动机被拆开改型，然后再组装起来。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The original plan had undergone fairly extensive modifications. 原计划已经作了相当大的修改。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 fixed   

adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的

参考例句：

• Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗？
• Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定，我们就不应该随意改变。

3 maritime   

adj.海的，海事的，航海的，近海的，沿海的

参考例句：

• Many maritime people are fishermen.许多居于海滨的人是渔夫。
• The temperature change in winter is less in maritime areas.冬季沿海的温差较小。

4 qualified   

adj.合格的，有资格的，胜任的，有限制的

参考例句：

• He is qualified as a complete man of letters.他有资格当真正的文学家。
• We must note that we still lack qualified specialists.我们必须看到我们还缺乏有资质的专家。

5 supervision   

n.监督，管理

参考例句：

• The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。
• The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。

6 mileage   

n.里程，英里数；好处，利润

参考例句：

• He doesn't think there's any mileage in that type of advertising.他认为做那种广告毫无效益。
• What mileage has your car done?你的汽车跑了多少英里？

7 accounting   

n.会计，会计学，借贷对照表

参考例句：

• A job fell vacant in the accounting department.财会部出现了一个空缺。
• There's an accounting error in this entry.这笔账目里有差错。