4-8 五花八门的南非烹饪

The Eclectic¹ South African Cuisine¹²

 

As we can see, coming from a multi cultural melting pot, the word "eclectic" best describes South African cuisine. It originated in the Cape²³ and has been influenced by African, Indian, Asian, Oriental and European culinary⁴ traditions, both from days gone by and current times. The most influential³ culinary tradition is probably that of the Malay⁵ people, whose unique contributions are characterised by the art of seasoning⁶, ranging from hot chillies to nutmeg⁷, cinnamon⁸ and cloves⁹. South Africa's long and varied⁵ coastline supplies people with an astonishing amount and variety of seafood⁶; it's fertile soils and wonderful climate work together to produce an enormous range of agricultural products; and the chequered¹⁰ history has endowed¹¹ it with a population with such diverse cultural backgrounds, that fusion⁷¹² is hardly seen anywhere else.

　　

Its seafood is legendary⁸, and is best sampled¹³ at one of the West Coast's open air restaurants -- not much more than simple shelters on the beach. As well as mussels¹⁴, fish stew⁹, grilled¹⁵ fish and lobster¹¹, you may be offered pickled fish a well loved dish that you'll also find in some traditional Cape Malay restaurants.

　　

Nowhere is the multicultural¹² cuisine more apparent than at a typical South African braai (barbecue). Yes, there is an awesome¹³ amount of meat, most notably¹⁴ the very Afrikaner boerewors farmers' sausage, but there will almost certainly be sosaties¹⁶ too.

 

Another speciality, which you will almost certainly be invited to sample if you stay at a game¹⁷ lodge¹⁵, is potjie (pronounced poy-key). This is a layered stew cooked over an open fire in a three legged cast-iron¹⁸ pot. Another, more usual, sort of stew is the bredie which really is just like any other stew, unless it's made with water flowers, of course. These delicate little plants (not water lilies, or lotuses) grow in seasonal¹⁶ wetlands and are harvested by wading¹⁷, waist deep into the freezing water, of course they only grow in winter. They are a particular delicacy¹⁸ and it's worth the icy dip.

 

注释:

1.eclectic [e5lektik] a. （从不同风格或方法、系统中）兼收并蓄的

2.cuisine [kwi(:)5zi:n] n. 烹饪，烹饪术，菜肴

3.theCape（南非）开普省，旧译好望角（省）

4.culinary [5kQlinEri] a. 烹饪的，厨房的

5.Malay [mE5lei] a. 马来人的，马来文化的

6.season [5si:zn] vt. 给……调味

7.nutmeg [5nQtme^] n.  [植] 肉豆蔻

8.cinnamon [5sinEmEn] n. 肉桂，桂皮香料

9.clove⁴ [klEuv] n. 丁香

10.chequered [5tFekEd] a. 盛衰无常的，多样化的

11.endow [in5dau] vt. 给予，赋予

12.fusion [5fju:VEn] n. 熔合，合并

13.sample [5sAmpl] vt. 品尝，试尝，体验

14.mussel [5mQsl] n.  [动] 贻贝，淡菜

15.grill¹⁰ [^ril] vt. （在烤架等上面）烤炙

16.sosaties，一道南非美食。切成块的羊肉，在葱、蒜、辣椒、咖喱叶和罗望子果汁中浸泡一夜，用扦串住，然后或煎或烤。

17.game [^eim] a. 猎物（或野味）的

18.cast-iron [kB:st5 aiEn] a. 铸铁制的

 

五花八门的南非烹饪

 

正如我们所知，南非的烹饪源自多种文化大熔炉，用“五花八门”来形容再恰当不过了。它发源于开普省，古往今来一直受到非洲、印度、亚洲、东方和欧洲烹饪传统的影响。而影响最大的可能是马来人的烹饪传统，其独特的贡献就在于它的调味艺术，各种调味品，从辣椒到豆蔻、肉桂、丁香一应俱全。南非漫长且多样的海岸线为人们提供了极丰富的种类繁多的海产品；其肥沃的土壤和适宜的气候又有利于产出品种极多的农产品；而它盛衰无常的历史使得该国人口文化背景极为多样化，这种融合是任何别处都罕见的。

南非的海味闻名遐迩，最佳的品尝地点是西海岸任意一个露天排档餐馆--简单到只是在海滩上搭个棚子而已。除了贝类、炖鱼、烤鱼及龙虾，你还可以吃到腌鱼--一道深受喜爱的菜，这道菜你也可以在一些传统的开普马来餐馆吃到。

典型的南非烧烤最明显地表现出其多元文化的烹饪。是的，肉量之大令人瞠目。最有名的就是南非布尔人的boerewors（农家香肠），当然也少不了sosaties。

另外一道特色菜是potjie（发音poy?key），如果你在野味旅社住宿就肯定会获邀一尝。它是用架在盆火上的三足铸铁锅分层炖制的一道菜。另外有种比较家常的炖菜就是bredie，其实它跟别的炖菜没什么两样，不过它是用一种水生的开花植物入菜。这些娇嫩的小植物（不是睡莲，也不是荷花）生长在季节性湿地上，收获时得在冰冷的深及腰部的水中水采摘，当然它们仅在冬天才生长。味道特美，为此而下冰冷的水也是值得的。

1 cuisine   

n.烹调，烹饪法

参考例句：

• This book is the definitive guide to world cuisine.这本书是世界美食的权威指南。
• This restaurant is renowned for its cuisine.这家餐馆以其精美的饭菜而闻名。

2 cape   

n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风

参考例句：

• I long for a trip to the Cape of Good Hope.我渴望到好望角去旅行。
• She was wearing a cape over her dress.她在外套上披着一件披肩。

3 influential   

adj.有影响的，有权势的

参考例句：

• He always tries to get in with the most influential people.他总是试图巴结最有影响的人物。
• He is a very influential man in the government.他在政府中是个很有影响的人物。

4 clove   

n.丁香味

参考例句：

• If tired,smell a whiff of clove oil and it will wake you up.如果疲倦，闻上一点丁香油将令人清醒。
• A sweet-smell comes from roses and clove trees.丁香与玫瑰的香味扑鼻而来。

5 varied   

adj.多样的，多变化的

参考例句：

• The forms of art are many and varied.艺术的形式是多种多样的。
• The hotel has a varied programme of nightly entertainment.宾馆有各种晚间娱乐活动。

6 seafood   

n.海产食品，海味，海鲜

参考例句：

• There's an excellent seafood restaurant near here.离这儿不远有家非常不错的海鲜馆。
• Shrimps are a popular type of seafood.小虾是比较普遍的一种海味。

7 fusion   

n.溶化；熔解；熔化状态，熔和；熔接

参考例句：

• Brass is formed by the fusion of copper and zinc. 黄铜是通过铜和锌的熔合而成的。
• This alloy is formed by the fusion of two types of metal.这种合金是用两种金属熔合而成的。

8 legendary   

adj.传奇（中）的，闻名遐迩的；n.传奇（文学）

参考例句：

• Legendary stories are passed down from parents to children.传奇故事是由父母传给孩子们的。
• Odysseus was a legendary Greek hero.奥狄修斯是传说中的希腊英雄。

9 stew   

n.炖汤，焖，烦恼；v.炖汤，焖，忧虑

参考例句：

• The stew must be boiled up before serving.炖肉必须煮熟才能上桌。
• There's no need to get in a stew.没有必要烦恼。

10 grill   

n.烤架，铁格子，烤肉；v.烧，烤，严加盘问

参考例句：

• Put it under the grill for a minute to brown the top.放在烤架下烤一分钟把上面烤成金黄色。
• I'll grill you some mutton.我来给你烤一些羊肉吃。

11 lobster   

n.龙虾，龙虾肉

参考例句：

• The lobster is a shellfish.龙虾是水生贝壳动物。
• I like lobster but it does not like me.我喜欢吃龙虾，但它不适宜于我的健康。

12 multicultural   

adj.融合多种文化的，多种文化的

参考例句：

• Children growing up in a multicultural society.在多元文化社会中长大的孩子们。
• The school has been attempting to bring a multicultural perspective to its curriculum.这所学校已经在尝试将一种多元文化视角引入其课程。

13 awesome   

adj.令人惊叹的，难得吓人的，很好的

参考例句：

• The church in Ireland has always exercised an awesome power.爱尔兰的教堂一直掌握着令人敬畏的权力。
• That new white convertible is totally awesome.那辆新的白色折篷汽车简直棒极了.

14 notably   

adv.值得注意地，显著地，尤其地，特别地

参考例句：

• Many students were absent,notably the monitor.许多学生缺席，特别是连班长也没来。
• A notably short,silver-haired man,he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.他个子明显较为矮小，一头银发，每周都会和他的员工一起打几次篮球。

15 lodge   

v.临时住宿，寄宿，寄存，容纳；n.传达室，小旅馆

参考例句：

• Is there anywhere that I can lodge in the village tonight?村里有我今晚过夜的地方吗？
• I shall lodge at the inn for two nights.我要在这家小店住两个晚上。

16 seasonal   

adj.季节的，季节性的

参考例句：

• The town relies on the seasonal tourist industry for jobs.这个城镇依靠季节性旅游业提供就业机会。
• The hors d'oeuvre is seasonal vegetables.餐前小吃是应时蔬菜。

17 wading   

（从水、泥等）蹚，走过，跋( wade的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The man tucked up his trousers for wading. 那人卷起裤子，准备涉水。
• The children were wading in the sea. 孩子们在海水中走着。

18 delicacy   

n.精致，细微，微妙，精良；美味，佳肴

参考例句：

• We admired the delicacy of the craftsmanship.我们佩服工艺师精巧的手艺。
• He sensed the delicacy of the situation.他感觉到了形势的微妙。