【英语时差8,16】锻炼减少乳癌

If you're not already convinced that regular exercise is important to stay healthy, now there is yet another reason to break a sweat, especially if you're a woman: breast cancer. Several studies have linked exercise to lowering the risk of developing breast cancer. Considering that breast cancer is the second most common cancer among women, these findings are nothing to shrug¹ about. First, regular exercise reduces the risk of breast cancer by helping² women to maintain a healthy and consistent body weight. Post-menopausal women who have gained more than twenty pounds since the age of eighteen are forty percent more likely to develop breast cancer. Women who gain seventy or more pounds in their adult years are eighty percent more likely to develop breast cancer.

Another study suggests that the correlation³ between breast cancer and body weight may have much to do with female hormones⁵ produced by body fat. Higher levels of estrogen, as well as testosterone, have been demonstrated to increase one's risk of developing breast cancer. However, exercise significantly reduces the levels of these hormones by burning body fat, which produces the hormones. So the more you exercise, the more fat you burn, hence the lower your hormone⁴ levels, and the lower your risk of developing breast cancer.

How much exercise is necessary? Just thirty minutes of exercise each day or three to four hours a week could lower one's risk of breast cancer by about twenty percent. And exercising more than four hours a week may further lower your risk.

Keep in mind, however, that no amount of exercise can guarantee you won't develop cancer. Certain risk factors such as genetic⁶ make-up and environmental exposures are uncontrollable.  

1 shrug   

v.耸肩(表示怀疑、冷漠、不知等)

参考例句：

• With a shrug,he went out of the room.他耸一下肩，走出了房间。
• I admire the way she is able to shrug off unfair criticism.我很佩服她能对错误的批评意见不予理会。

2 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

3 correlation   

n.相互关系，相关，关连

参考例句：

• The second group of measurements had a high correlation with the first.第二组测量数据与第一组高度相关。
• A high correlation exists in America between education and economic position.教育和经济地位在美国有极密切的关系。

4 hormone   

n.荷尔蒙，激素，内分泌

参考例句：

• Hormone implants are used as growth boosters.激素植入物被用作生长辅助剂。
• This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body.这种荷尔蒙与体內其他荷尔蒙紧密地相互作用。

5 hormones   

n. 荷尔蒙，激素 名词hormone的复数形式

参考例句：

• This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body. 这种荷尔蒙与体內其他荷尔蒙紧密地相互作用。
• The adrenals produce a large per cent of a man's sex hormones. 肾上腺分泌人体的大部分性激素。

6 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。