【英语时差8,16】补觉

Not getting enough sleep can affect you in more ways than you might expect, as Yael and Don discuss in this Moment of Science.   Y: Today, on a Moment of Science, we're conducting an experiment on sleep deprivation¹. On my right, we have my friend Bob, who hasn't slept in eighty-eight hours straight! Bob? Bob? Okay, so he's pretty unresponsive. And on my left, we have Don, who has been restricted to no more than four hours of sleep a night for the past two weeks. How are you feeling, Don?

D: (YAWNS) Well, I'm a little tired, Yael, but not as tired as Bob over there, who I think is drooling.

Y: If you've ever relied on a doctor or an airplane pilot, then you know there's a lot at stake over whether Don is telling the truth about how tired he feels.

D: Of course I'm telling the truth. I feel fine (YAWNS).

Y: Well, you might think you feel fine, but I have in front of me the result of the cognitive² performance tests both you and Bob over here took earlier today. And guess what?! Don! Don!

D: Huh? What?

Y: These cognitive performance tests show that you and Bob are having equal trouble performing some pretty basic tasks.

D: But Bob hasn't slept in three days!

Y: Exactly. So that means that even missing only a couple of hours of sleep a night really adds up if you do it every night. In other words, sleep debt is cumulative³, and right now, you have no more business going out there and driving a car than Bob does. What's more, you're so tired right now that you can't even properly evaluate how tired you are, which makes your sleep debt even more dangerous.

D: Guess I better catch up on some Zs! (BOB SNORES)Y: Looks like Bob's beaten you to it.  

1 deprivation   

n.匮乏；丧失；夺去，贫困

参考例句：

• Many studies make it clear that sleep deprivation is dangerous.多实验都证实了睡眠被剥夺是危险的。
• Missing the holiday was a great deprivation.错过假日是极大的损失。

2 cognitive   

adj.认知的，认识的，有感知的

参考例句：

• As children grow older,their cognitive processes become sharper.孩子们越长越大，他们的认知过程变得更为敏锐。
• The cognitive psychologist is like the tinker who wants to know how a clock works.认知心理学者倒很像一个需要通晓钟表如何运转的钟表修理匠。

3 cumulative   

adj.累积的，渐增的

参考例句：

• This drug has a cumulative effect.这种药有渐增的效力。
• The benefits from eating fish are cumulative.吃鱼的好处要长期才能显现。