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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
ESL Podcast 236 – An On-Site Estimate
GLOSSARYbuilding contractor1 – a person or company that is hired by someone else tobuild homes or offices* The Patils were very happy with their building contractor because he built theirhome faster and for less money than they thought he would.
on-site – at the location of the project; at the place where the project is beingdone* Natasha offers on-site computer services, going to her customers’ homes tohelp them with their computer needs.
estimate – a guess about how much something will cost, without calculating itexactly; a quote* The mechanic gave us a $450 estimate for repairing our car, but it actually costmore than $1,000! Needless to say, we weren’t happy.
to inspect – to look at something carefully; to examine* Before buying our house, we got someone qualified2 to inspect homes to makesure there were no major problems.
quote – a formal guess or estimate about how much something will cost, usually before a service is provided* The company chose Penelope to do the project because her quote was thelowest.
to expand – to make something bigger* We want to expand the living room by taking out the wall between the livingroom and the extra bedroom.
square feet – a measurement of area; 1 square foot = 0.09 square meter* Jason’s apartment is really small – only 300 square feet.
to double – to multiply something by two; to make something 100% bigger* The bamboo plant grows very quickly and can double its size every year.
say – for example; perhaps; maybe* I’d like to have a lot of children, say five or six, by the time I’m 35 years old.
delay – taking longer than expected; a period of time that a project or person hasto wait because of a problem* There was a delay in the project because the project leader was seriously ill foralmost a month.
materials – things that are needed to build something, such as wood or glass* Once we buy the paint, we’ll have all the materials that we need to do this artproject.
to set (someone or something) back – to cause a delay; to make a project takelonger than expected* The rainy weather set the company back in their delivery schedule.
cost overrun – the extra money needed to finish a project that is more than whatwas expected* Tobiah was angry when he heard that the project had more than $2,000 in costoverruns.
upfront – honest and open; not hiding anything* Latisha was very upfront with her boss and told him that she was unhappy inher job and wanted to leave the company.
breakdown3 – a detailed4 list; a list of each individual cost in a total* The tour costs $1,650, but without a breakdown, it’s impossible to know howmuch of the money is for hotels, food, or plane tickets.
labor5 – physical work by people* Many American companies have call centers in Asia because labor costs arecheaper there than in the United States.
in writing – written on paper* The company offered him a great job and a lot of money, but he won’t believe ituntil he sees it in writing.
no charge – free; at no cost* Normally it costs $4 per hour to park here, but if you buy something at the store,there’s no charge for parking.
no obligation – without a requirement to do something* When you’re shopping for a car, you can drive a new car with no obligation tobuy it.
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS1. Why is Robert at Abigail’s house?
a) He is measuring the kitchen so that his company can begin the work.
b) He is explaining why the project cost more than expected.
c) He is looking at the kitchen so that he can give Abigail a price for the work shewants done.
2. According to Robert, why are projects sometimes delayed?
a) Because there isn’t enough labor.
b) Because it takes time to get the materials.
c) Because it is difficult to make a breakdown of costs.
______________WHAT ELSE DOES IT MEAN?
quoteThe word “quote,” in this podcast, means an estimate or a guess about howmuch something will cost, without calculating it exactly: “The quote to install aswimming pool in the backyard was so high that we decided6 not to go ahead withit.” The verb “to quote” can also mean to give someone a price for doing aproject: “How much did he quote you for putting four new windows in the livingroom?” A “quote” is also short for “quotation,” or the exact words that someonesays: “Many people know George Washington’s famous quote: ‘I cannot tell alie.’” As a verb, “to quote” means to repeat someone’s exact words: “Theuniversity president quoted many famous people during his speech to the newstudents.”
chargeIn this podcast, the phrase “no charge” means free or at no cost: “At mostgrocery stores, someone will help you take your bags to your car at no charge.” A “charge” is the money that something costs: “I started using a new bank because the old one had a small charge every time I withdrew money from my account.” As a verb, “to charge” means to ask for money for a product orservice: “How much are they charging for the new computers?” The verb “tocharge” can also mean to pay for something with a credit card: “I didn’t haveenough cash, so I had to charge the books that I bought yesterday.” Whensomeone is “in charge of (something),” it means that he or she is responsible forsomething: “Who is in charge of this project?”
CULTURE NOTEIn the United States, “homeowners,” or people who own a home, often need“contractors7,” or people who work in home “construction” (activities related tobuilding homes). Homeowners need contractors when they want a new roof,another bedroom, or a better kitchen. These projects are expensive and difficult,so it is important to find a good contractor who does high-quality work for a lowprice.
Many Americans look for a “licensed9 contractor” who has a “license8” (registrationpapers) from the state where he or she is working. To get a license, thecontractor must show the state that he or she has experience and then pass anexam. If a homeowner doesn’t use a licensed contractor, it is more difficult to knowwhether the contractor really knows how to do the work. Also, licensedcontractors must have “insurance” that pays them money if they are “injured” orphysically hurt while working on the home. If a homeowner doesn’t use alicensed contractor, and that contractor is injured while working on the home, thehomeowner may have to pay for the contractor’s medical costs.
Normally there are fewer problems when homeowners use licensed contractors. However, if there is a problem with a licensed contractor, the homeowner can callthe state “licensing10 board,” the part of the state government that gives licenses11 tocontractors, to make a “compliant,” saying why he or she is unhappy with thelicensed contractor’s work. The licensing board will read the complaint and, if itis serious, the board may decide to take the license away from the contractor.
______________Comprehension Questions Correct Answers: 1 – c; 2 – b
COMPLETE TRANSCRIPTWelcome to English as a Second Language Podcast number 236: An On-SiteEstimate.
This is English as a Second Language Podcast number 236. I'm your host, Dr.
Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational Development inbeautiful Los Angeles, California. Remember to visit our website at eslpod.comand download the Learning Guide for this podcast.
Our podcast in this episode is about “An On-Site Estimate.” This is when youhave someone coming over to your house or to your office building and tellingyou how much they will charge you - how much you will have to pay to havechanges or repairs on your building. Let's get started.
[Start of story]
I work for a building contractor and I spend most of my workday giving on-siteestimates. I mainly go to people’s homes, discuss the work they want done,inspect the site, and give them a quote. Robert: You want to expand your kitchen, is that right?
Abigail: Yes, with our growing family, we need more room. Robert: It looks like it’s about 200 square feet right now. You want to double thesize?
Abigail: That’s the idea, but I want to get it done quickly, say within two months. Is that possible? Robert: Well, we’ve finished jobs like this before in under three months, butthat’s without any delays. Sometimes getting the exact materials the client wants or finding structural12 problems that don’t appear until we start work can set us back. Abigail: That’s my greatest fear. I’m afraid of delays and cost overruns.
Robert: Well, we try to be upfront with our clients by giving them a breakdown ofthe costs of the materials and labor involved in the project. We also give them aschedule of when the work will be completed. You’ll get a detailed estimate inwriting, at no charge and with no obligation.
Abigail: How long does it take to get the estimate?
Robert: We usually mail or fax the estimate within two days. Abigail: That’s great. Let me tell you exactly what we have in mind...
[End of story]
The title of our episode is “An On-Site Estimate.” The word on, “on” (hyphen)site, “site,” means something taking place in a particular place or area -something happening in a particular place, usually your own home or your ownoffice. For example, your computer stops working and you need to get it fixed13. You can take it to someone and have them fix it - to a store or a repair shop - oryou could call someone that would come to your house and fix it. If they come toyour house, we would say that's an on-site repair or on-site visit.
An estimate, “estimate,” is a guess - an approximation of how much somethingwill cost, usually something that you have to fix or something that you arechanging or repairing. So, the title, “An On-Site Estimate,” refers to someonewho comes to your home or office and gives you their guess - their estimate - ofhow much something will cost. Usually an estimate is more than just a guess; it's more exact. It's what you expect to pay when the work is completed.
In this dialogue, Robert says that he works for “a building contractor.” A buildingcontractor is a person who - who builds new houses or office buildings, or whoremodels or fixes houses and office buildings. A contractor is just another wordfor someone who works for you for a temporary time - for a short amount of time.
Robert is working for this building contractor, and he spends most of his day “giving on-site estimates.” He says he goes to people's homes, he discusses what kind of work they want; these are people who will want to change orremodel their house. When you remodel14 you add something, or you perhaps change the walls - move them in a different position, or you might add a newbathroom, something like that.
Robert starts the dialogue by saying that he inspects the site and he gives peoplea quote. To inspect, “inspect,” means to look at something very carefully - toexamine something. Robert gives them a quote, “quote.” A quote is a moreformal estimate - a more exact estimate of how much something will cost. There are several different meanings of the word quote; take a look at theLearning Guide today for additional explanations on that word. So, Robert begins the dialogue by saying, “You want to expand your kitchen, is that right?” He's talking to a woman whose name is Abigail. To expand,“expand,” means to make something bigger. If someone says, “I'm going toexpand my kitchen so I can buy a new refrigerator that will fit - that will haveenough space,” that means they're going to make their kitchen bigger, either by making the whole house bigger or by taking away room from one of the otherareas in the house.
Abigail says, “Yes,” they have a growing family - meaning their family is gettingbigger or getting older, and they “need more room.” Usually growing, in this case, would mean getting bigger. So, they're having more children, I wouldguess, or more dogs, maybe! Robert says, “It looks like it’s about 200 square feet right now,” meaning thekitchen is about 200 square feet. We use feet in the United States as a way ofmeasuring, you know, rather than a meter, and a square foot would be about .09square meters. I had to figure that out, of course, I didn't know that withoutcalculating it! Abigail also says that she wants to double the size of the kitchen. To double,“double,” means to make it twice as big - two times as big. Abigail says that shewants to get all of this “done quickly” - everyone wants their work done quickly. That doesn't always happen with contractors. In fact, contractors in the UnitedStates have the reputation of never getting things done on time - always beinglate, and this has certainly been my experience - this is something that I havefound in working with contractors. Abigail uses an interesting expression here; she says, “I want to get it donequickly, say within two months.” The use of the word say, “say,” means forexample or perhaps or maybe. It is not the same meaning as he said or she saidor he says; it is a special use of this word to mean for example or about orperhaps.
Abigail asks if this is possible, and Robert says, “Well, we’ve finished jobs likethis before in under,” or in less than, “three months, but that’s without any delays.” A delay, “delay,” is a period of time that you have to wait becausethere's a problem. For example, if you are at the airport, your plane could bedelayed - it could be late. It could be an hour or two hours late, that's a delay.
Robert says that “Sometimes getting the exact materials,” or the things that youuse to build something, that can take a lot of time, and there are also problems that they might notice when they start working that can set them back. back, or a setback15, as a noun, means that you have a delay - something will takelonger than expected.
Abigail says, “That’s my greatest fear. I’m afraid of delays and cost overruns.” Acost overrun, “overrun,” is when something costs more than the estimate -something costs more than the original quote that the contractor gave you. So,instead of paying 5,000 dollars for your new kitchen, you have to pay 20,000dollars. That would be a huge cost overrun, way more than you expected.
Robert says, “Well, we try to be upfront with our clients.” To be upfront, “upfront,”
(one word) means to be honest - to be open - not to hide anything - not to lie tothem. He says that they give their clients “a breakdown of the costs.” Abreakdown, “breakdown,” (one word) is a detailed listing where you see eachindividual thing that you are going to pay for listed on a piece of paper, that's abreakdown. There's also a verb, to break down, which means something stops working. That's two words, however, break and down as two words. This is oneword, it's a noun and it, in this case, means a detailed list of the costs that youare going to pay.
Robert says they include in their breakdown “the materials and the labor.” Thelabor, “labor,” is the actual work by the people - the time that it takes them to dothe work. The materials are the physical things that they are using to fix orchange your house.
Robert says, “We also give a schedule of when” everything “will be completed,”
and you get this “detailed estimate in writing.” When we say you're going to getsomething in writing, we mean on a piece of paper. This is all done “at no chargeand with no obligation.” At no charge means that it doesn't cost any money - it's free. The audio files for ESL Podcast are available at no charge. That wordcharge, “charge,” has other meanings in English as well; again, take a look at theLearning Guide for more information.
Robert says that there's “no obligation.” An obligation is a requirement - it is something that you have to do. But if it's no obligation, or with no obligation, thatmeans that Abigail doesn't have to buy these materials and pay for the labor, thatshe can just look at the list and say yes or no and it won't cost her any money.
Now let's take a look at the dialogue, this time at a native rate of speech.
[Start of story]
I work for a building contractor and I spend most of my workday giving on-siteestimates. I mainly go to people’s homes, discuss the work they want done,inspect the site, and give them a quote. Robert: You want to expand your kitchen, is that right?
Abigail: Yes, with our growing family, we need more room. Robert: It looks like it’s about 200 square feet right now. You want to double thesize?
Abigail: That’s the idea, but I want to get it done quickly, say within two months. Is that possible? Robert: Well, we’ve finished jobs like this before in under three months, butthat’s without any delays. Sometimes getting the exact materials the client wants or finding structural problems that don’t appear until we start work can set us back. Abigail: That’s my greatest fear. I’m afraid of delays and cost overruns.
Robert: Well, we try to be upfront with our clients by giving them a breakdown ofthe costs of the materials and labor involved in the project. We also give them aschedule of when the work will be completed. You’ll get a detailed estimate inwriting, at no charge and with no obligation.
Abigail: How long does it take to get the estimate?
Robert: We usually mail or fax the estimate within two days. Abigail: That’s great. Let me tell you exactly what we have in mind...
[End of story]
The script for today's podcast was written by Dr. Lucy Tse. Do you have acomment or question about ESL Podcast? You can email us [email protected].
From Los Angeles, California, I'm Jeff McQuillan. Thank you, as always, forlistening. We'll see you next time on ESL Podcast.
English as a Second Language Podcast is written and produced by Dr. Lucy Tse,hosted by Dr. Jeff McQuillan. This podcast is copyright 2007.
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contractor
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| n.订约人，承包人，收缩肌 | |
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qualified
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| adj.合格的，有资格的，胜任的，有限制的 | |
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breakdown
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| n.垮，衰竭；损坏，故障，倒塌 | |
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detailed
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| adj.详细的，详尽的，极注意细节的，完全的 | |
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labor
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| n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦 | |
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decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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contractors
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| n.（建筑、监造中的）承包人( contractor的名词复数 ) | |
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license
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| n.执照，许可证，特许；v.许可，特许 | |
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licensed
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| adj.得到许可的v.许可，颁发执照(license的过去式和过去分词) | |
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licensing
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| v.批准，许可，颁发执照( license的现在分词 ) | |
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licenses
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| n.执照( license的名词复数 )v.批准，许可，颁发执照( license的第三人称单数 ) | |
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structural
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| adj.构造的，组织的，建筑（用）的 | |
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fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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remodel
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| v.改造，改型，改变 | |
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setback
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| n.退步，挫折，挫败 | |
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