英语名人堂：乌戈·拉斐尔·查韦斯·弗里亚斯

 乌戈·拉斐尔·查韦斯·弗里亚斯（Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías，1954.7.28－2013.3.5），委内瑞拉政治家，曾任第52任委内瑞拉月创建“第五共和国运动”，同年12月当选总统。2007年成功连任。2011年被查出身患癌症。

1992年，因发动政变入狱。1994年被赦免出狱。1998年1体内患有恶性肿瘤，2012年10月再次连任总统。2013年3月6日，查韦斯因癌症去世，享年58岁。

 

Hugo Chavez served as President of Venezuela from 1998 until 2013. He was very popular in his country and was re-elected twice. His policies focused on helping¹ the poor in his country. He used the nation’s oil wealth to fight poverty and illiteracy². He was strongly in favour of Latin American integration³ and was a fierce opponent of the USA.

 

Chavez was born in 1954 in a mud hut. Both of his parents were schoolteachers but his family was very poor. He was sent to live with his grandmother in the big city so he could go to school. When he was 17, he enrolled⁴ at the Venezuelan Academy of Military Sciences. He graduated in 1975 with a degree in Military Arts and Science.

 

Chavez's military career lasted 17 years, during which he held several teaching positions. He was a very passionate⁵ teacher and frequently criticized Venezuela’s government. He developed a political belief called "Bolivarianism", which was influenced by the thought of the Venezuelan revolutionary Simon Bolivar, and Karl Marx. This shaped his later ideas about helping the people of Venezuela.

 

In 1992, Chavez attempted a coup⁶ to take control of Caracas. He failed but was elevated as a national hero. In 1998 he won the presidential election with 56% of the votes. He introduced major social reforms and nationalized many industries. He also gave land back to Venezuela’s poor and introduced free health care and education. He died from respiratoty problems on March 6th, 2013, aged⁷ 58. Chavez remains⁸ a popular figure throughout South America.

1 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

2 illiteracy   

n.文盲

参考例句：

• It is encouraging to read that illiteracy is declining.从读报中了解文盲情况正在好转，这是令人鼓舞的。
• We must do away with illiteracy.我们必须扫除文盲。

3 integration   

n.一体化，联合，结合

参考例句：

• We are working to bring about closer political integration in the EU.我们正在努力实现欧盟內部更加紧密的政治一体化。
• This was the greatest event in the annals of European integration.这是欧洲统一史上最重大的事件。

4 enrolled   

adj.入学登记了的v.[亦作enrol]( enroll的过去式和过去分词 )；登记，招收，使入伍（或入会、入学等），参加，成为成员；记入名册；卷起，包起

参考例句：

• They have been studying hard from the moment they enrolled. 从入学时起，他们就一直努力学习。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He enrolled with an employment agency for a teaching position. 他在职业介绍所登了记以谋求一个教师的职位。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 passionate   

adj.热情的，热烈的，激昂的，易动情的，易怒的，性情暴躁的

参考例句：

• He is said to be the most passionate man.据说他是最有激情的人。
• He is very passionate about the project.他对那个项目非常热心。

6 coup   

n.政变；突然而成功的行动

参考例句：

• The monarch was ousted by a military coup.那君主被军事政变者废黜了。
• That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.那个政府在3年前的军事政变中被推翻。

7 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。

8 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。