纪录片《饮食变迁》 第15期:脂肪发生了质的改变

If you should weigh 12 stone and in fact weigh 16,

若合理体重是12英石 但你却有16

then your chances of death from a heart attack are 50% more.

那你死于心脏病的几率会增加50%

With overweight goes high blood pressure,

超重还会导致高血压

and that makes the heart work harder,

使得心脏难以负荷

and high fats in the blood itself,

而血液中脂肪含量过高

which makes it clot¹ and cause thrombosis.

会导致血液凝结 形成血栓

But it's not only how much we eat, but what we eat.

除了关注吃多少 吃什么也很重要

With the can and packet revolution

随着罐头和独立包装的广泛运用

has come an outstanding change in our fats.

我们摄入的脂肪发生了质的改变

What's important are the

问题的关键就是

proportions of unsaturated and saturated² fats.

饱和与不饱和脂肪间的比例

These farm animals are different from those of 50 years ago.

这些家畜和50年前早已大相径庭

Beef not only contains much more fat,

牛肉里脂肪含量大大增加

but it's the saturated kind.

而其属于饱和脂肪

These huge quantities of hard

大量此类脂肪酸酯

fat are causing the epidemic³ of coronary disease.

使冠心病盛行开来

It would be another 20 years

我们至少还需花上20年

before the connection between heart disease

才能准确明了地得出

and the increased levels of saturated

心脏病与日常饮食中

fat in our diet could be graphically⁴ demonstrated.

不断增长的饱和脂肪含量间的联系

A lot of people think that obesity⁵ is a cosmetic⁶ issue,

多数人觉得肥胖不过影响外表美观

not fitting into a dress or something like that.

顶多是穿不了漂亮的衣服云云

But it's not.It lies at the heart

其实这是一大批

of a host of medical illnesses and diseases.

医学疾病的核心问题

This is serum⁷ from a healthy patient.

这是从一名健康的患者身上提取的血清

The blood has been spun⁸ to separate and take the red cells away.

我们将红细胞从中分离出去

A slightly yellow colour but quite clear.

可以看到它呈浅黄色 但很清澈

This is serum from a person who is clinically obese⁹.

这个则是临床诊断为肥胖症患者的血清样本

It looks almost like milk, it's so cloudy.

看上去就像牛奶 很浑浊

And what's causing that is all the fat globules

区别源自我们体内

and the fat that is circulating in the blood around the body.

在血液中循环往复的脂肪球与脂肪

Not only does that cause a narrowing of the arteries¹⁰,

这不仅会导致动脉狭窄

slowing the flow of blood and delivery of oxygen to the tissues.

还会减缓血流量 阻碍其向组织供氧

It actually causes damage and a secondary process

这将会危害健康

starts which leads to further damage to those blood vessels¹¹.

进而对血管造成更大的危害

1 clot   

n.凝块；v.使凝成块

参考例句：

• Platelets are one of the components required to make blood clot.血小板是血液凝固的必须成分之一。
• The patient's blood refused to clot.病人的血液无法凝结。

2 saturated   

a.饱和的，充满的

参考例句：

• The continuous rain had saturated the soil. 连绵不断的雨把土地淋了个透。
• a saturated solution of sodium chloride 氯化钠饱和溶液

3 epidemic   

n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的

参考例句：

• That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
• The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。

4 graphically   

adv.通过图表；生动地，轮廓分明地

参考例句：

• This data is shown graphically on the opposite page. 对页以图表显示这些数据。
• The data can be represented graphically in a line diagram. 这些数据可以用单线图表现出来。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 obesity   

n.肥胖，肥大

参考例句：

• One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。
• Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。

6 cosmetic   

n.化妆品；adj.化妆用的；装门面的；装饰性的

参考例句：

• These changes are purely cosmetic.这些改变纯粹是装饰门面。
• Laughter is the best cosmetic,so grin and wear it!微笑是最好的化妆品，所以请尽情微笑吧！

7 serum   

n.浆液，血清，乳浆

参考例句：

• The serum is available to the general public.一般公众均可获得血清。
• Untreated serum contains a set of 11 proteins called complement.未经处理的血清含有一组蛋白质，共11种，称为补体。

8 spun   

v.纺，杜撰，急转身

参考例句：

• His grandmother spun him a yarn at the fire.他奶奶在火炉边给他讲故事。
• Her skilful fingers spun the wool out to a fine thread.她那灵巧的手指把羊毛纺成了细毛线。

9 obese   

adj.过度肥胖的，肥大的

参考例句：

• The old man is really obese,it can't be healthy.那位老人确实过于肥胖了，不能算是健康。
• Being obese and lazy is dangerous to health.又胖又懒危害健康。

10 arteries   

n.动脉( artery的名词复数 )；干线，要道

参考例句：

• Even grafting new blood vessels in place of the diseased coronary arteries has been tried. 甚至移植新血管代替不健康的冠状动脉的方法都已经试过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• This is the place where the three main arteries of West London traffic met. 这就是伦敦西部三条主要交通干线的交汇处。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 vessels   

n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人

参考例句：

• The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》