密歇根新闻广播 美国用水越来越少,但密歇根州仍然排在第10位

 

Water use in the U.S. has dropped to its lowest level in about 45 years.

But the U.S. Geological Survey found 12 states accounted for more than 50% of the total water withdrawals¹ in the U.S. – and Michigan ranks 10th on that list.

The federal agency comes out with a report every five years on water use; its latest report runs through 2015.

Cheryl Dieter is a hydrologist with the USGS.

"Total withdrawals in Michigan are about 10 billion gallons a day and most of that is fresh surface water," she says.

About 77% of that water is used for thermoelectric power generation, another 10% is used for public supply (i.e. city water), and other uses are for industry, irrigation, household use, mining, aquaculture, and livestock².

The USGS found we used 322 billion gallons of water a day in the U.S.

That's a big number, but there's a downward trend here.

"We've seen about a nine percent decrease in withdrawals from 2010 to 2015 and a lot of that water use is related to a decrease in withdrawals for thermoelectric power generation and also use in California," says Dieter.

"A lot of power plants used once-through cooling systems, and those are being converted to more efficient recirculating cooling system types, or the once-through cooling plants are being closed and other types of plants that are more efficient are being opened," she says.

She says the drought in California explains part of the drop in household water use,and state, federal and local policies have also led to more efficiencies.

She says the water we use in our homes is about one percent of all the water usedin the U.S.

"For the nation, we estimate withdrawals for thermoelectric is the largest use, about 41% of the total in the U.S. Irrigation is second; 37%," she says.

You can learn more about water use in the U.S. here on the USGS' interactive³ site.

1 withdrawals   

n.收回，取回，撤回( withdrawal的名词复数 )；撤退，撤走；收回[取回，撤回，撤退，撤走]的实例；推出（组织），提走（存款），戒除毒瘾，对说过的话收回，孤僻

参考例句：

• He has made several withdrawals from his bank account. 他从银行账户上提了几次款。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• It is not the bank's policy to deduct interest on withdrawals. 提款需扣除利息这并非是本银行的政策。 来自辞典例句

2 livestock   

n.家畜，牲畜

参考例句：

• Both men and livestock are flourishing.人畜两旺。
• The heavy rains and flooding killed scores of livestock.暴雨和大水淹死了许多牲口。

3 interactive   

adj.相互作用的，互相影响的，（电脑）交互的

参考例句：

• The psychotherapy is carried out in small interactive groups.这种心理治疗是在互动的小组之间进行的。
• This will make videogames more interactive than ever.这将使电子游戏的互动性更胜以往。