纽约时报 日益增加的排放形势依然严峻(1)

U.N. Report Says Rising Emissions¹ is Still Alarming

联合国报告显示，日益增加的排放形势依然严峻

With world leaders gathering² in Madrid next week for their annual bargaining session over how to avert³ a climate catastrophe⁴,

下周，各国领导人便将齐聚马德里，就如何防范气候灾难召开年度谈判会议，

the latest assessment⁵ issued by the United Nations said Tuesday that greenhouse gas emissions are still rising dangerously.

在这之前，联合国周二发布的最新评估报告显示，温室气体排放量仍呈以危险速度增加态势。

“The summary findings are bleak,” said the annual assessment,

“总结部分的发现不容乐观，”报告指出。

which is produced by the United Nations Environment Program and is formally known as the Emissions Gap Report.

该报告由联合国环境规划署编制，官方名称为《排放差距报告》。

Countries have failed to halt the rise of greenhouse gas emissions despite repeated warnings from scientists,

尽管科学家们一再警告，各国仍未能阻止温室气体排放量的继续增加，

with China and the United States, the two biggest polluters, further increasing their emissions last year.

其中，最大污染排放国中国和美国去年的排放量都出现了进一步的增加。

The result, the authors added, is that “deeper and faster cuts are now required.”

结果就是，作者接着说道，“现如今唯有加大并提高减排措施的幅度和速度”。

As if to underscore the gap between reality and diplomacy⁶,

似乎是为了强调现实与外交之间的差距，

the international climate negotiations⁷, scheduled to begin next week,

定于下周开始的国际气候谈判，

are not even designed to ramp⁸ up pledges by world leaders to cut their countries’ emissions.

根本就没想加大各国领导人的减排承诺。

That deadline is still a year away.

因为距离制定这一计划的最后期限还有一年时间。

Rather, this year’s meetings are intended to hammer out the last remaining rules on how to implement⁹ the 2015 Paris climate accord,

相反，今年的会议旨在就如何落实2015年达成的巴黎气候协定敲定最后的几条规则，

in which every country pledged to rein¹⁰ in greenhouse gases, with each setting its own targets and timetables.

那次协定中，每个国家都就控制温室气体排放做出了承诺，也制定了自己的目标及时间表。

“Madrid is an opportunity to get on course to get the speed and trajectory¹¹ right,”

“马德里会议是我们纠正减排速度和减排道路的机会，”

said Rachel Kyte, a former United Nations climate diplomat¹² who is now dean of the Fletcher School at Tufts University.

前联合国气候外交官、现任塔夫茨大学弗莱彻学院院长的雷切尔·基特说道。

“What the Emissions Gap Report does is take away any remaining plausible¹³ deniability that the current trajectory is not good enough.”

“《排放差距报告》的工作就是消除所有剩余的，有关当前减排道路不够好的合理推诿。”

The world’s 20 richest countries, responsible for more than three-fourths of worldwide emissions,

报告强调，世界上最富有的20个国家的排放量占到了世界总排放量的3/4，

must take the biggest, swiftest steps to move away from fossil fuels, the report emphasized.

这些国家必须采取最快最大规模的措施，摆脱对化石燃料的依赖。

The richest country of all, the United States, however, has formally begun to pull out of the Paris accord.

最富裕的国家美国却已经正式开始退出巴黎协定了。

Global greenhouse gas emissions have grown by 1.5 percent every year over the last decade, according to the annual assessment.

年度评估数据显示，过去十年间，全球温室气体排放每年以1.5%的速度在持续增长。

The opposite must happen if the world is to avoid the worst effects of climate change,

国际社会要想避免气候变化带来最恶劣的影响，比如更为严重的干旱，

including more intense droughts, stronger storms and widespread hunger by midcentury.

更强的风暴和大面积的饥荒，就必须朝相反的方向发展。

To stay within relatively¹⁴ safe limits, emissions must decline sharply, by 7.6 percent every year, between 2020 and 2030, the report warned.

报告警告说，要想将温室气体排放维持在相对安全的限度内，2020年至2030年期间，排放量必须以每年7.6%的速度大幅下降。

1 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

2 gathering   

n.集会，聚会，聚集

参考例句：

• He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
• He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。

3 avert   

v.防止，避免；转移(目光、注意力等)

参考例句：

• He managed to avert suspicion.他设法避嫌。
• I would do what I could to avert it.我会尽力去避免发生这种情况。

4 catastrophe   

n.大灾难，大祸

参考例句：

• I owe it to you that I survived the catastrophe.亏得你我才大难不死。
• This is a catastrophe beyond human control.这是一场人类无法控制的灾难。

5 assessment   

n.评价；评估；对财产的估价，被估定的金额

参考例句：

• This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
• What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？

6 diplomacy   

n.外交；外交手腕，交际手腕

参考例句：

• The talks have now gone into a stage of quiet diplomacy.会谈现在已经进入了“温和外交”阶段。
• This was done through the skill in diplomacy. 这是通过外交手腕才做到的。

7 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

8 ramp   

n.暴怒，斜坡，坡道；vi.作恐吓姿势，暴怒，加速；vt.加速

参考例句：

• That driver drove the car up the ramp.那司机将车开上了斜坡。
• The factory don't have that capacity to ramp up.这家工厂没有能力加速生产。

9 implement   

n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行

参考例句：

• Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划，除非你能完成这项计划。
• The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。

10 rein   

n.疆绳，统治，支配；vt.以僵绳控制，统治

参考例句：

• The horse answered to the slightest pull on the rein.只要缰绳轻轻一拉,马就作出反应。
• He never drew rein for a moment till he reached the river.他一刻不停地一直跑到河边。

11 trajectory   

n.弹道，轨道

参考例句：

• It is not difficult to sketch the subsequent trajectory.很容易描绘出它们最终的轨迹。
• The path followed by a projectile is called its trajectory.抛物体所循的路径称为它的轨道。

12 diplomat   

n.外交官，外交家；能交际的人，圆滑的人

参考例句：

• The diplomat threw in a joke, and the tension was instantly relieved.那位外交官插进一个笑话，紧张的气氛顿时缓和下来。
• He served as a diplomat in Russia before the war.战前他在俄罗斯当外交官。

13 plausible   

adj.似真实的，似乎有理的，似乎可信的

参考例句：

• His story sounded plausible.他说的那番话似乎是真实的。
• Her story sounded perfectly plausible.她的说辞听起来言之有理。

14 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。