PBS高端访谈:肯尼亚在雄性白犀死后继续保护犀牛亚种

Hari Sreenivasan: It's been almost three weeks since the last male northern white rhino¹ died at the animal conservancy in kenya, and now only two females of the subspecies remain. Scientists are looking into the possibility of saving the northern white rhino through in-vitro fertilization. In the meantime, Kenyan officials are stepping up actions to preserve the remaining rhino population within their borders. Newshour weekend's Zachary Green has more.

Zachary Green: This past thursday, Kenya's government expanded the rhino sanctuary² in the country's Meru National Park, home to 104 black and southern white rhinos³. The expansion nearly doubles the sanctuary's size, from 17 to 32 square miles. The Kenya wildlife service is also embarking⁴ on a two-week $600,000 project to tag and identify 22 rhinos living in the park. Officials and veterinarians are utilizing⁶ helicopters and dart⁷ guns to find and tranquilize the rhinos. Once sedated⁸, the vets⁹ cut unique notches¹⁰ into the rhino's ears, so that they can be easily identified. Kenya wildlife services' lead vet⁵, Francis Gakuya, says this is the most reliable way to monitor the animals in the park.

Francis Gakuya: Ear notches are permanent marks and you can be able to use them for the life of the animal, they are permanent. The horn transmitters which we usually put on animals have a shelf life, they usually take two to three years then the battery goes down. So after that, you are not able to track that animal, unless you immobilize it again and put another one, meaning then you have to keep on doing the same.

Zachary Green:Using these methods to monitor and track its small rhino population, Kenya hopes it can save these animals from poachers and, hopefully, from the same fate as their northern white cousins.

哈里·斯瑞尼瓦桑：最后一头雄性北非白犀在肯尼亚动物保护协会死亡，到今天已近三周，如今存活的只有两头雌性亚种。科学家们正在对通过体外受精挽救北白犀牛物种的可能性进行研究。与此同时，肯尼亚官员正在加紧行动，保护其境内的犀牛数量。Newshour周末记者圣扎迦利·格林为您带来更多内容。

圣扎迦利·格林：上周四，肯尼亚政府扩大了该国梅鲁国家公园内犀牛保护区的范围，这里是104头黑犀及南方白犀的家园。保护区面积几乎扩大为原有的两倍，从17平方英里增加到了32平方英里。肯尼亚野生动物服务中心也开始了一个为期两周斥资600,000美元的保护项目，对园区内22头犀牛进行标记和识别。官员和兽医正在利用直升机和麻药镖枪寻找及安抚犀牛。犀牛一旦被麻醉，兽医就在它的耳朵上刻上独特的凹槽，这样就可以很容易地识别他们。肯尼亚野生动物服务中心首席兽医，弗兰西斯·伽库亚说，采用这种方式来监控公园里的动物是最可靠的。

弗兰西斯·伽库亚：耳痕是永久性的记号，你可以用它们来保护动物的生命，它们是永久的。我们通常安装在动物们身上的角发射器有一个保质期，通常两三年后电池就损耗了。所以之后，你就不能再跟踪那只动物，除非你再次找到它，换个新的，这就意味着，你必须重复做同样的事情。

圣扎迦利·格林：利用这些方法监测和追踪小犀牛种群数量，肯尼亚希望它能把这些动物从偷猎者手中拯救出来，希望它们不要遭受和北非白犀表亲相同的厄运。

1 rhino   

n.犀牛，钱, 现金

参考例句：

• The rhino charged headlong towards us.犀牛急速地向我们冲来。
• They have driven the rhino to the edge of extinction.他们已经令犀牛濒临灭绝。

2 sanctuary   

n.圣所，圣堂，寺庙；禁猎区，保护区

参考例句：

• There was a sanctuary of political refugees behind the hospital.医院后面有一个政治难民的避难所。
• Most countries refuse to give sanctuary to people who hijack aeroplanes.大多数国家拒绝对劫机者提供庇护。

3 rhinos   

n.犀牛（rhino的复数形式）

参考例句：

• There are many reports of people taming and even training Indian rhinos. 有许多关于人们驯养甚至训练印度犀牛的记载。 来自辞典例句
• The rhinos had fed during the night in the rice fields of these villagers. 犀牛夜里在这些村民的庄稼地里也已吃饱了。 来自辞典例句

4 embarking   

乘船( embark的现在分词 )； 装载； 从事

参考例句：

• He's embarking on a new career as a writer. 他即将开始新的职业生涯——当一名作家。
• The campaign on which were embarking was backed up by such intricate and detailed maintenance arrangemets. 我们实施的战争，须要如此复杂及详细的维护准备。

5 vet   

n.兽医，退役军人；vt.检查

参考例句：

• I took my dog to the vet.我把狗带到兽医诊所看病。
• Someone should vet this report before it goes out.这篇报道发表之前应该有人对它进行详查。

6 utilizing   

v.利用，使用( utilize的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Utilizing an assembler to produce a machine-language program. 用汇编程序产生机器语言的过程。 来自辞典例句
• The study and use of devices utilizing properties of materials near absolute zero in temperature. 对材料在接近绝对零度时的特性进行研究和利用的学科。 来自辞典例句

7 dart   

v.猛冲，投掷；n.飞镖，猛冲

参考例句：

• The child made a sudden dart across the road.那小孩突然冲过马路。
• Markov died after being struck by a poison dart.马尔科夫身中毒镖而亡。

8 sedated   

v.使昏昏入睡，使镇静( sedate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• She's sedated,but she's probably scared out of her mind. 她很安静，但是她可能已经吓疯了。 来自电影对白
• Are you telling me the porn actually sedated you? 你是要告诉我，那毛片的确让你镇静下来吗？ 来自电影对白

9 vets   

abbr.veterans （复数）老手，退伍军人；veterinaries （复数）兽医n.兽医( vet的名词复数 )；老兵；退伍军人；兽医诊所v.审查（某人过去的记录、资格等）( vet的第三人称单数 )；调查；检查；诊疗

参考例句：

• I helped train many young vets and veterinary nurses too. 我还帮助培训了许多年青的兽医和护士。 来自互联网
• In fact, we've expanded mental health counseling and services for our vets. 实际上，我们已经扩大了退伍军人的心理健康咨询和服务。 来自互联网

10 notches   

n.（边缘或表面上的）V型痕迹( notch的名词复数 )；刻痕；水平；等级

参考例句：

• The Indians cut notches on a stick to keep count of numbers. 印第安人在棒上刻V形凹痕用来计数。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• They cut notches in the handle of their pistol for each man they shot. 他们每杀一个人就在枪托上刻下一个V形记号。 来自辞典例句