pbs高端访谈:校园枪击案频发 该如何解决枪械暴力

 　　JEFFREY BROWN:Tonight, a special PBS broadcast called "After Newtown" begins a national dialogue about the issues raised by that tragedy. Gwen Ifill will host this evening's collaboration¹ of our national news and science programs.

　　Yesterday, she sat down with Education Secretary Arne Duncan for the special. It was the former Chicago public school superintendent²'s first interview since the killings³.

　　Here's part of their conversation.

　　GWEN IFILL:Secretary Duncan, where does the responsibility lie for action here?

　　2.jpgSECRETARY OF EDUCATION ARNE DUNCAN:Gwen, it relies—it lies on all of us, all of us, as parents, as community leaders, as religious leaders, as political leaders.

　　No one gets a pass on this. And this is not a time to point fingers or lay blame. And, often, these things, there's lots of inclinations⁴ to do that. But this is complex. And anyone who wants to sort of say there is a simple answer here, I think does a great disservice to the complexity⁶ and the urgency of fundamentally trying to make our country a safer place for our children.

　　GWEN IFILL:The president has asked the committee that you will be on, that Vice⁵ President Biden is going to spearhead to come up with solution or approaches within a month, before the State of the Union speech.

　　Do you worry that the outrage⁷ is going to fade before that happens?

　　ARNE DUNCAN:I don't worry about the outrage fading.

　　I worry about our collective courage to break through, and, again, for me and for so many people, unfortunately, around this country, this is not a new issue. We have been fighting this issue for a long, long time. I—in Chicago, we buried a child killed to gun violence every two weeks. Think about that, Gwen. Every two weeks, we buried a child, the vast majority innocent children, one at their birthday party in the afternoon.

　　These aren't—the vast majority aren't gangbangers. And so I think this distinction. . .

　　GWEN IFILL:But outside of that neighborhood, it goes unremarked upon, mostly.

　　ARNE DUNCAN:So, that is what I worry about, is the lack of courage, the lack of willingness to break through.

　　We have an endemic here. And we need to change that in a very fundamental way. And, as I said, for the horror and the anguish⁸ and the pain, I do think the world has shifted. I think people have a sense that enough is enough.

　　And when you have, you know, 20 babies and six teachers and principals killed in a matter of seconds, a minute, I mean, in such a short amount of time, in a very peaceful, very safe community, everyone in this country—this has touched people in a different way. Everyone in this country feels vulnerable and wants something better for their own children.

　　GWEN IFILL:And most policy leaders, like you, and even people—individuals have said, this isn't just about guns. This isn't just about mental health. It's a nuanced solution.

　　ARNE DUNCAN:It's—yes, it's very complicated. And I think one of the other risks or dangers is to oversimplify.

　　So, do we need less guns, not more? Absolutely. The president talked the other day about a ban on assault weapons. We have to take—you know, we have to look at the gun issue very, very seriously. But that, by itself, an important piece of the equation, but not the answer by itself.

　　And we have to talk about mental health. We have to talk about school safety. We have to talk about parent and community responsibility. For better or worse, in these mass shootings, the profile of the shooters are remarkably⁹ similar.

　　And when we have young people in our communities who are hurting, who are ostracized¹⁰, who are bullied¹¹, who need mental health services and don't receive them, there's a grave, grave cost that we as a society take. I actually have a lot of confidence in our country at the end of the day. And I think—I think, given this horrendous¹² tragedy, I'm optimistic.

　　I can't promise, I can't guarantee you, but I'm optimistic that we can get our country to a much, much better place. And our children—and our children, and our families, and our communities, they deserve no less.

　　GWEN IFILL:Put yourself in the shoes of school superintendent, school principals, school administrators¹³ around the country now trying to figure out what to do, how to speak to this.

　　What to do, how to speak?

　　ARNE DUNCAN:I think you have to do a number of things.

　　First of all, you have to have honest conversations with our children. And if they're scared, if they're afraid, finding lots of different vehicles, avenues for them to address that fear, whether it's talking about it, whether it's writing about it, whether it's drawing about it, I think the worst thing you can do is sort of sweep this all under the rug.

　　Our children are smart. They watch T.V. They read the newspapers. They listen. And I would doubt there is a child in this country who isn't thinking about this. And I know my two young children are thinking about this quite a lot.

　　We have to help teachers and principals deal with their own fears. And, you know, they don't want to be in the line of fire. You know, they could easily—they see themselves as those teachers who got killed, as that principal who got killed. And what can we do to help the adults deal with those difficult issues?

　　How do we help those children and those families who are—we know are on the margins¹⁴, who are struggling? How do we get them, not just as a school system? But as a community, how do we get them the help and the support they need, so that they don't end up in this kind of situation?

　　And then, finally, how do we make sure our schools are absolutely as safe as possible? Our schools have been forever these safe havens¹⁵, safest places—often safest places in the community. And we need to continue to make—do everything in our power to make sure that they are.

　　GWEN IFILL:Mr. Secretary, thank you so much.

　　ARNE DUNCAN:Thank you.

　　JUDY WOODRUFF:Much more of Gwen's interview will air later tonight ina PBS special broadcast. You canwatch the entire interview with Secretary Duncanonline.

1 collaboration   

n.合作，协作；勾结

参考例句：

• The two companies are working in close collaboration each other.这两家公司密切合作。
• He was shot for collaboration with the enemy.他因通敌而被枪毙了。

2 superintendent   

n.监督人，主管，总监；(英国)警务长

参考例句：

• He was soon promoted to the post of superintendent of Foreign Trade.他很快就被擢升为对外贸易总监。
• He decided to call the superintendent of the building.他决定给楼房管理员打电话。

3 killings   

谋杀( killing的名词复数 )； 突然发大财，暴发

参考例句：

• His statement was seen as an allusion to the recent drug-related killings. 他的声明被视为暗指最近与毒品有关的多起凶杀案。
• The government issued a statement condemning the killings. 政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。

4 inclinations   

倾向( inclination的名词复数 )； 倾斜； 爱好； 斜坡

参考例句：

• She has artistic inclinations. 她有艺术爱好。
• I've no inclinations towards life as a doctor. 我的志趣不是行医。

5 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

6 complexity   

n.复杂(性)，复杂的事物

参考例句：

• Only now did he understand the full complexity of the problem.直到现在他才明白这一问题的全部复杂性。
• The complexity of the road map puzzled me.错综复杂的公路图把我搞糊涂了。

7 outrage   

n.暴行，侮辱，愤怒；vt.凌辱，激怒

参考例句：

• When he heard the news he reacted with a sense of outrage.他得悉此事时义愤填膺。
• We should never forget the outrage committed by the Japanese invaders.我们永远都不应该忘记日本侵略者犯下的暴行。

8 anguish   

n.(尤指心灵上的)极度痛苦，烦恼

参考例句：

• She cried out for anguish at parting.分手时，她由于痛苦而失声大哭。
• The unspeakable anguish wrung his heart.难言的痛苦折磨着他的心。

9 remarkably   

ad.不同寻常地，相当地

参考例句：

• I thought she was remarkably restrained in the circumstances. 我认为她在那种情况下非常克制。
• He made a remarkably swift recovery. 他康复得相当快。

10 ostracized   

v.放逐( ostracize的过去式和过去分词 )；流放；摈弃；排斥

参考例句：

• He was ostracized by his colleagues for refusing to support the strike. 他因拒绝支持罢工而受到同事的排斥。
• The family were ostracized by the neighborhood. 邻居们都不理睬那一家人。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

11 bullied   

adj.被欺负了v.恐吓，威逼( bully的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• My son is being bullied at school. 我儿子在学校里受欺负。
• The boy bullied the small girl into giving him all her money. 那男孩威逼那个小女孩把所有的钱都给他。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 horrendous   

adj.可怕的，令人惊惧的

参考例句：

• He described it as the most horrendous experience of his life.他形容这是自己一生中最可怕的经历。
• The mining industry in China has a horrendous safety record.中国的煤矿工业具有令人不安的安全记录。

13 administrators   

n.管理者( administrator的名词复数 )；有管理（或行政）才能的人；（由遗嘱检验法庭指定的）遗产管理人；奉派暂管主教教区的牧师

参考例句：

• He had administrators under him but took the crucial decisions himself. 他手下有管理人员，但重要的决策仍由他自己来做。 来自辞典例句
• Administrators have their own methods of social intercourse. 办行政的人有他们的社交方式。 来自汉英文学 - 围城

14 margins   

边( margin的名词复数 )； 利润； 页边空白； 差数

参考例句：

• They have always had to make do with relatively small profit margins. 他们不得不经常设法应付较少的利润额。
• To create more space between the navigation items, add left and right margins to the links. 在每个项目间留更多的空隙，加左或者右的margins来定义链接。

15 havens   

n.港口，安全地方( haven的名词复数 )v.港口，安全地方( haven的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Your twenty havens would back out at the last minute anyhow. 你那二十个避难所到了最后一分钟也要不认帐。 来自辞典例句
• Using offshore havens to avoid taxes and investor protections. 使用海面的港口避免税和投资者保护。 来自互联网