PBS高端访谈:美国政府该如何与私营部门联手打击网络攻击?

 　　HARI SREENIVASAN, PBS NEWSHOUR WEEKEND ANCHOR: North Korea today blamed President Obama for Sony's decision to release the controversial film "The Interview", which tells the story of a fictional¹ plot to kill North Korean leader, Kim Jong-un. The recent hacking² of Sony, which was widely blamed on North Korea, has caused the Obama administration to consider new steps to protect against cyber attacks.

　　Carol Lee of "The Wall Street Journal" is in Hawaii, where the president is vacationing, and joins us now from Honolulu.

　　So, Sony was the first kind of big, red flag. What does the White House think is the consequence of that for other companies around the U.S.? Do they think that this is the cyber threats could increase?

　　CAROL LEE, THE WALL STREET JOURNAL: They do. And their main concern is that what happened with this Sony attack is, as one administration official put it, marks a crossing of a threshold into this kind of new wave of cyber attacks that are essentially³ cyber extortion, where a nation state or another organization or group hacks⁴ into a company or perhaps the government and uses that as leverage⁵ to try to get the company or the government to meet certain demands.

　　In the instance with Sony, it was that they pull this movie "The Interview," and initially⁶, what was concerning to the White House was that Sony agreed to do that, which basically, you know, rewarded this action. And, you know, despite the reversal on that, the White House feels like this still marks a crossing of the threshold and, you know, the possibility of seeing additional attacks like this is real because it essentially worked.

　　So, the White House is exploring some new ways to try to get the government and the private sector⁷ on the same page in this and to try to combat this so that these sorts of things are minimized in the future.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: So, what are some of the initiatives that the White House is taking?

　　CAROL LEE: Well, this whole thing is new. This is a new area in cyber security. And the government and the private sector are not necessarily entirely⁸ in sync in some of these things, and that was — that was exposed in the very public disagreement between President Obama and Sony executives over whether or not to release the film.

　　So, first, you know, obviously the president said that he wished Sony had talked to them. So, I think you'll try — probably see some additional communication at very high levels at the White House.

　　And then cyber-security legislation, the president called on Congress again to pass something stricter. The hope in the administration is that companies now have an incentive⁹ to try to get some sort of regulations or standards in place because what's happened until now is they've resisted that. There's different — the Chamber¹⁰ of Commerce and other group — business-lobbying groups have said setting certain minimal¹¹ standards for groups — for industries like banking¹² or energy would be burdensome and could lead to litigation if somehow they had those standards and an attacker was able to still penetrate¹³.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: And some companies have been bush pushing back because they don't want to give of the government too much access to their content or users' information, right?

　　CAROL LEE: That's right. It's a really strange relationship between the government and the private sector because typically you have a government that acts as a regulator and companies that are regulated. And in this instance, it's not like that. And when you throw in these added national security concerns, it creates an entirely different relationship, and a new dynamic that sort of both sides are trying to feel their way through. And it's very uncertain right now, and the whole process is sort of piece meal.

　　But now, the hope is, at least from the administration's side, is that this will lead to some sort of way in which that they can get further — closer together and more on board as they try to navigate¹⁴ this strange relationship where businesses need the government to be involved in things like this because the government is the one who can come in and actually, you know, figure out who did it and do criminal investigations¹⁵ and prosecutions¹⁶.

　　HARI SREENIVASAN: All right. Carol Lee of "The Wall Street Journal" joining us from Honolulu — thanks so much.

　　CAROL LEE: Thank you. Thanks for having me.

1 fictional   

adj.小说的，虚构的

参考例句：

• The names of the shops are entirely fictional.那些商店的名字完全是虚构的。
• The two authors represent the opposite poles of fictional genius.这两位作者代表了天才小说家两个极端。

2 hacking   

n.非法访问计算机系统和数据库的活动

参考例句：

• The patient with emphysema is hacking all day. 这个肺气肿病人整天不断地干咳。
• We undertook the task of hacking our way through the jungle. 我们负责在丛林中开路。

3 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

4 hacks   

黑客

参考例句：

• But there are hacks who take advantage of people like Teddy. 但有些无赖会占类似泰迪的人的便宜。 来自电影对白
• I want those two hacks back here, right now. 我要那两个雇工回到这儿，现在就回。 来自互联网

5 leverage   

n.力量，影响；杠杆作用，杠杆的力量

参考例句：

• We'll have to use leverage to move this huge rock.我们不得不借助杠杆之力来移动这块巨石。
• He failed in the project because he could gain no leverage. 因为他没有影响力，他的计划失败了。

6 initially   

adv.最初，开始

参考例句：

• The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
• Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。

7 sector   

n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形

参考例句：

• The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
• The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。

8 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

9 incentive   

n.刺激；动力；鼓励；诱因；动机

参考例句：

• Money is still a major incentive in most occupations.在许多职业中，钱仍是主要的鼓励因素。
• He hasn't much incentive to work hard.他没有努力工作的动机。

10 chamber   

n.房间，寝室；会议厅；议院；会所

参考例句：

• For many,the dentist's surgery remains a torture chamber.对许多人来说，牙医的治疗室一直是间受刑室。
• The chamber was ablaze with light.会议厅里灯火辉煌。

11 minimal   

adj.尽可能少的，最小的

参考例句：

• They referred to this kind of art as minimal art.他们把这种艺术叫微型艺术。
• I stayed with friends, so my expenses were minimal.我住在朋友家，所以我的花费很小。

12 banking   

n.银行业，银行学，金融业

参考例句：

• John is launching his son on a career in banking.约翰打算让儿子在银行界谋一个新职位。
• He possesses an extensive knowledge of banking.他具有广博的银行业务知识。

13 penetrate   

v.透(渗)入；刺入，刺穿；洞察，了解

参考例句：

• Western ideas penetrate slowly through the East.西方观念逐渐传入东方。
• The sunshine could not penetrate where the trees were thickest.阳光不能透入树木最浓密的地方。

14 navigate   

v.航行，飞行；导航，领航

参考例句：

• He was the first man to navigate the Atlantic by air.他是第一个飞越大西洋的人。
• Such boats can navigate on the Nile.这种船可以在尼罗河上航行。

15 investigations   

（正式的）调查( investigation的名词复数 )； 侦查； 科学研究； 学术研究

参考例句：

• His investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查，但没有发现什么。
• He often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。

16 prosecutions   

起诉( prosecution的名词复数 )； 原告； 实施； 从事

参考例句：

• It is the duty of the Attorney-General to institute prosecutions. 检察总长负责提起公诉。
• Since World War II, the government has been active in its antitrust prosecutions. 第二次世界大战以来，政府积极地进行着反对托拉斯的检举活动。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件