pbs高端访谈:安吉丽娜导演处女作尝试战争片

 　　GWEN IFILL:Finally tonight, an unflinching look back at the war in Bosnia, as told by Angelina Jolie.

　　Jeffrey Brown recently sat down with the Oscar-winning actress and the stars of her new film.

　　JEFFREY BROWN:She's one of the most recognizable women in the world, an actress who often appears in glamorous¹ or action roles.

　　ANGELINA JOLIE(in character): Have you violated international law?

　　JEFFREY BROWN:But for her latest movie, Angelina Jolie has stepped behind the camera as a first-time director and writer, and tackled a very serious subject, indeed.

　　"In the Land of Blood and Honey" is a fictional² account of events of the war in Bosnia of the 1990s, in which more than 100,000 people were killed amid ethnic³ cleansing⁴ and brutal⁵ atrocities⁶ against civilians⁷, including systematic⁸ rape⁹.

　　Ms. Jolie, why the war in Bosnia? Was it something that you knew about long ago as it was happening or that you learned about?

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　　ANGELINA JOLIE:It was something that I knew very little of and always felt a responsibility to learn more.

　　JEFFREY BROWN:Responsibility? Why?

　　ANGELINA JOLIE:As a human being, because I was 17 when it started. And I had spent the last 10 years traveling the world and going to conflicts zones and post-conflict zones and meeting people who had suffered through war and really seeing the state of people who—as I worked so hard on how do you help countries heal, or how do you return people to areas, or how do you help people get past the trauma¹⁰ they face, you often question, why did it have to go this far?

　　So, this question of intervention¹¹, this question of just war itself. And then Bosnia just was always ringing in my mind in this -- what was that? How did that happen in the '90s? How did that go on for four years with nobody doing anything 40 minutes from Italy? How—and then the more I read about the rape camps and the concentration camps, and—I just couldn't—I just couldn't understand it.

　　And I wanted to understand it. And so I decided¹² to do a project that I thought was going to remain private on my desk to give myself an education.

　　JEFFREY BROWN:The private research led to the idea for the film, one in which Jolie used Bosnian actors, including Zana Marjanovic and Goran Kostic in the lead roles.

　　Their characters share a complicated love affair twisted by the viciousness of war, he a Serbian soldier, she a Muslim artist taken captive.

　　I wonder, how was making this film, because of its subject matter, different from other acting¹³ that you've done?

　　ZANA MARJANOVIC,actress: It was very different. It was—first of all, it's personal. You know, it's—I was born in Bosnia. And I live there now. And it's very personal in that way. So it's a huge responsibility at the same time to play a character that lives in a historical period.

　　JEFFREY BROWN:You felt that while you were doing it?

　　ZANA MARJANOVIC:I felt that while I was doing it every today.

　　GORAN KOSTIC,actor: Indeed, it was very important to get it right, to be genuine and honest, not just to ourselves, of course, but to the public and to the script.

　　So we knew that we were treading a finding a very specific line. I think, if we kind of slowly lose our balance and push it to much in one side or the other, we might actually not do justice to the victims of the war.

　　JEFFREY BROWN:It was hard to watch. Was it hard to make?

　　ZANA MARJANOVIC:Yes, it was very difficult. You know, our first scene, the first day, the first scene we shot is actually when the women are taken off the bus and train to concentration camp and where the first rape happens.

　　So this is the first scene we did. And it was—we just—and talked about it later on. And I thought, God, why did we have to do that scene first? And it was a very good point that Angelina Jolie made. She said, you know, we need to know that there will be no easy scenes in this film.

　　JEFFREY BROWN:Off-screen, it seems Angelina Jolie has two very different personas, celebrity¹⁴ and tabloid¹⁵ regular married to Brad Pitt, and the advocate for human rights who serves as a U.N. goodwill¹⁶ ambassador, with particular attention to the plight¹⁷ of women.

　　You know, another notable aspect, clearly, is the focus on women. Most war films are about the men fighting. This was clearly conscious for you. Important to you?

　　ANGELINA JOLIE:It is. Very. And it was very specific to this war. It wasn't that I -- as I learned about this war, I just met with so many women. And they told me their firsthand accounts of being raped¹⁸ or being held and used as a human shield or watching their mothers being forced to strip and dance naked in front of soldiers and face the humiliation¹⁹.

　　JEFFREY BROWN:You know,this is harrowing and powerful, but not a fun or easy night at the movies, right? Is it your sense that Hollywood, I don't know, and filmmakers too often avoid taking on subjects like this, tough subjects?

　　ANGELINA JOLIE:Well, I know—I know these are hard films to watch. I mean, they're the films I like to watch. But I also know that when life is hard for people, and the economy has been very hard, and people have been in a really tough state these days, I also know the need for escapism, and I understand that. . .

　　JEFFREY BROWN:You've been part of that.

　　ANGELINA JOLIE:And I've been a big part of that.

　　And I—you know, but these are the movies I like to watch, because, at the end of the day, I think people innately²⁰ want to be responsible. We want to know what's happening around us. We want to be a part of the world, be in the world and of the world.

　　And it is a hard movie to watch, but it is intentionally²¹ so. And you're going to want to get out of that theater and you're going to want somebody to stop it. And you're going to wish that this wasn't—and what it is, is, it's still a movie. It's not even real, and it's as upsetting as it is. So, it forces people to wonder what it must have really been like.

　　JEFFREY BROWN:And one more thing. This is your directing debut²². How did that compare to acting? Is it, I don't know, more fun, less fun, more fulfilling, less fulfilling?

　　ANGELINA JOLIE:Yeah, it was so different, because this one for me was—I love history. And I love social—I'm very interested in social issues and women's issues, of course.

　　And so this was a labor²³ of love on so many levels. And then I also—creatively, I have worked with a lot of actors and a lot of people around the world, but I have never worked with people from Yugoslavia. And they are an extraordinary bunch of people, so not only extraordinarily²⁴ talented, but also just a life, a life that they brought to the set, the music and the culture and the—so, it was—I felt like I was welcomed into a world, not just learning about a history, but into a family.

　　And so it was the best experience I've ever had on film.

　　JEFFREY BROWN:"In the Land of Blood and Honey" is now in select theaters across the country.

1 glamorous   

adj.富有魅力的；美丽动人的；令人向往的

参考例句：

• The south coast is less glamorous but full of clean and attractive hotels.南海岸魅力稍逊，但却有很多干净漂亮的宾馆。
• It is hard work and not a glamorous job as portrayed by the media.这是份苦差，并非像媒体描绘的那般令人向往。

2 fictional   

adj.小说的，虚构的

参考例句：

• The names of the shops are entirely fictional.那些商店的名字完全是虚构的。
• The two authors represent the opposite poles of fictional genius.这两位作者代表了天才小说家两个极端。

3 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

4 cleansing   

n. 净化(垃圾) adj. 清洁用的 动词cleanse的现在分词

参考例句：

• medicated cleansing pads for sensitive skin 敏感皮肤药物清洗棉
• Soap is not the only cleansing agent. 肥皂并不是唯一的清洁剂。

5 brutal   

adj.残忍的，野蛮的，不讲理的

参考例句：

• She has to face the brutal reality.她不得不去面对冷酷的现实。
• They're brutal people behind their civilised veneer.他们表面上温文有礼，骨子里却是野蛮残忍。

6 atrocities   

n.邪恶，暴行( atrocity的名词复数 )；滔天大罪

参考例句：

• They were guilty of the most barbarous and inhuman atrocities. 他们犯有最野蛮、最灭绝人性的残暴罪行。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The enemy's atrocities made one boil with anger. 敌人的暴行令人发指。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

7 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

8 systematic   

adj.有系统的，有计划的，有方法的

参考例句：

• The way he works isn't very systematic.他的工作不是很有条理。
• The teacher made a systematic work of teaching.这个教师进行系统的教学工作。

9 rape   

n.抢夺，掠夺，强奸；vt.掠夺，抢夺，强奸

参考例句：

• The rape of the countryside had a profound ravage on them.对乡村的掠夺给他们造成严重创伤。
• He was brought to court and charged with rape.他被带到法庭并被指控犯有强奸罪。

10 trauma   

n.外伤，精神创伤

参考例句：

• Counselling is helping him work through this trauma.心理辅导正帮助他面对痛苦。
• The phobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.恐惧症可能源于童年时期的创伤。

11 intervention   

n.介入，干涉，干预

参考例句：

• The government's intervention in this dispute will not help.政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。
• Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.许多人觉得他会反对外来干预。

12 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

13 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

14 celebrity   

n.名人，名流；著名，名声，名望

参考例句：

• Tom found himself something of a celebrity. 汤姆意识到自己已小有名气了。
• He haunted famous men, hoping to get celebrity for himself. 他常和名人在一起, 希望借此使自己获得名气。

15 tabloid   

adj.轰动性的，庸俗的；n.小报，文摘

参考例句：

• He launched into a verbal assault on tabloid journalism.他口头对小报新闻进行了抨击。
• He believes that the tabloid press has behaved disgracefully.他认为小报媒体的行为不太光彩。

16 goodwill   

n.善意，亲善，信誉，声誉

参考例句：

• His heart is full of goodwill to all men.他心里对所有人都充满着爱心。
• We paid ￡10,000 for the shop,and ￡2000 for its goodwill.我们用一万英镑买下了这家商店，两千英镑买下了它的信誉。

17 plight   

n.困境，境况，誓约，艰难；vt.宣誓，保证，约定

参考例句：

• The leader was much concerned over the plight of the refugees.那位领袖对难民的困境很担忧。
• She was in a most helpless plight.她真不知如何是好。

18 raped   

v.以暴力夺取，强夺( rape的过去式和过去分词 )；强奸

参考例句：

• A young woman was brutally raped in her own home. 一名年轻女子在自己家中惨遭强暴。 来自辞典例句
• We got stick together, or we will be having our women raped. 我们得团结一致，不然我们的妻女就会遭到蹂躏。 来自辞典例句

19 humiliation   

n.羞辱

参考例句：

• He suffered the humiliation of being forced to ask for his cards.他蒙受了被迫要求辞职的羞辱。
• He will wish to revenge his humiliation in last Season's Final.他会为在上个季度的决赛中所受的耻辱而报复的。

20 innately   

adv.天赋地；内在地，固有地

参考例句：

• Innately conservative, Confucius was fascinated by the last of these disciplines. 由于生性保守，孔子特别推崇“礼”。 来自英汉非文学 - 文明史
• Different individuals are innately fitted for different kinds of employment. 不同的人适合不同的职业，这是天生的。 来自互联网

21 intentionally   

ad.故意地，有意地

参考例句：

• I didn't say it intentionally. 我是无心说的。
• The local authority ruled that he had made himself intentionally homeless and was therefore not entitled to be rehoused. 当地政府裁定他是有意居无定所，因此没有资格再获得提供住房。

22 debut   

n.首次演出，初次露面

参考例句：

• That same year he made his Broadway debut, playing a suave radio journalist.在那同一年里，他初次在百老汇登台，扮演一个温文而雅的电台记者。
• The actress made her debut in the new comedy.这位演员在那出新喜剧中首次登台演出。

23 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

24 extraordinarily   

adv.格外地；极端地

参考例句：

• She is an extraordinarily beautiful girl.她是个美丽非凡的姑娘。
• The sea was extraordinarily calm that morning.那天清晨，大海出奇地宁静。