时差N小时 为什么生病的时候容易脱水?(上)

When you have a cold or flu, the doctor (or Dr. Mom) may tell you to drink lots of fluids.

当你不幸感冒或患上流感时，医生（或者妈妈）可能会告诉你要补充足够的流质。

But did they ever explain why you need to guzzle¹ all that water and juice?

但他们是否解释过为什么要大量喝水和果汁？

The extra fluid helps prevent dehydration², which can make you feel even worse, and make it harder to get well.

补充大量流质能够预防脱水，人体一旦脱水病情会加重，也更难痊愈。

If you have a runny nose, a feverish³ sweat, or vomiting⁴ and diarrhea, it may seem obvious why you’d need to drink more to replace those lost fluids.

如果你出现流鼻涕、发烧出汗、或者上吐下泻等症状，你很可能需要多补充流质来弥补身体失去的水分。

But these aren’t the only reasons the body needs extra fluid when you’re sick.

但这些并非是生病时身体需要多补充水分的唯一原因。

Increasing Metabolism⁵

加快新陈代谢

If you have a fever, that increase in body temperature increases your metabolism–in other words, all the biochemical reactions that keep you alive speed up.

如果发烧，体温上升会加速人体的新陈代谢，换句话说，所有维持生命的生物化学反应都将加速。

A fever of 101 degrees Fahrenheit⁶ increases your body’s metabolic⁷ rate by about 10%. What difference does that make?

101华氏度的高烧将使身体的代谢速率增加10%。这有什么分别呢？

1 guzzle   

v.狂饮，暴食

参考例句：

• Melissa had guzzled gin and tonics like they were lemonade.梅利莎像喝柠檬汽水一样大口地喝着加奎宁水的杜松子酒。
• Pigs guzzle their food.猪总是狼吞虎咽地吃东西。

2 dehydration   

n.脱水，干燥

参考例句：

• He died from severe dehydration.他死于严重脱水。
• The eyes are often retracted from dehydration.眼睛常因脱水而凹陷。

3 feverish   

adj.发烧的，狂热的，兴奋的

参考例句：

• He is too feverish to rest.他兴奋得安静不下来。
• They worked with feverish haste to finish the job.为了完成此事他们以狂热的速度工作着。

4 vomiting   

吐

参考例句：

• Symptoms include diarrhoea and vomiting. 症状有腹泻和呕吐。
• Especially when I feel seasick, I can't stand watching someone else vomiting." 尤其晕船的时候，看不得人家呕。”

5 metabolism   

n.新陈代谢

参考例句：

• After years of dieting,Carol's metabolism was completely out of whack.经过数年的节食，卡罗尔的新陈代谢完全紊乱了。
• All living matter undergoes a process of metabolism.生物都有新陈代谢。

6 Fahrenheit   

n./adj.华氏温度；华氏温度计(的)

参考例句：

• He was asked for the boiling point of water in Fahrenheit.他被问到水的沸点是华氏多少度。
• The thermometer reads 80 degrees Fahrenheit.寒暑表指出华氏80度。

7 metabolic   

adj.新陈代谢的

参考例句：

• Impressive metabolic alternations have been undergone during embryogenesis.在胚胎发生期间经历了深刻的代谢变化。
• A number of intoxicants are associated with metabolic acidosis.许多毒性物质可引起代谢性酸中毒。