时代周刊:如果拜登当选(1)

The four-year plan for America

美国的四年计划

By Jeffrey Kluger

文/杰弗里·克鲁格

Donald Trump¹ has smashed a lot of environmental china in four years.

上任四年来，特朗普已经摔碎了许多环保瓷器。

To name a few instances: he pulled out of the 2015 Paris Agreement (a move that becomes official on July 6, 2021);

仅举几例：退出2015年的巴黎协定(退出将于2021年7月6日正式生效)；

loosened automotive mileage² and power plant emission³ standards;

放宽汽车行驶里程和电厂排放标准；

and sought to eliminate the protected status of the sage⁴ grouse⁵,

试图取消艾草榛鸡的保护地位，

opening up 9 million acres to oil and gas extraction.

开放900万英亩土地用于石油和天然气开采等。

Reasonable minds may differ on the wisdom of any one of those moves,

心智健全之人对上述所有举措可能都有异议，

but no one can deny the unprecedented⁶ sweep of Trump’s policies.

但没有人能否认，特朗普的确推出了空前数量的政策。

Data from Harvard Law School’s Environmental and Energy Law Program

哈佛法学院环境和能源法律项目

and Columbia University’s Sabin Center for Climate Change Law

与哥伦比亚大学萨宾气候变化法中心的数据显示，

show that the President has signed more than 100 administrative⁷ rules,

总统已经签署了一百多项放松管制的行政法规、

Executive Orders and acts of deregulation, 66 of which have gone into effect.

行政命令和法案，有66项均已生效。

If presumptive Democratic presidential nominee⁸ Joe Biden defeats Trump in November,

如果民主党一方的假定总统候选人乔·拜登在11月成功击败特朗普，

what could he do in his own four years to undo⁹ the work of the Trump era?

那在他任期的四年内，他要如何做才能弥补特朗普时代留下的印记？

“The biggest, flashiest thing would be for Biden to stand up on day one and say the U.S. is recommitting itself to Paris,”

“对拜登来说，最大、最风光的事情应该就是上任第一天就站起来说，美国要重返《巴黎协定》，”

says Jody Freeman, director of the Harvard program.

哈佛项目主任乔迪·弗里曼说。

“We should make clear we’re going to take back the reins¹⁰ we’ve relinquished¹¹.”

“我们要明确表示，放弃的控制权我们要重新把它夺回来。”

It wouldn’t necessarily be easy.

此事不一定容易。

The U.S. would not simply be permitted to rejoin the agreement but would have to negotiate its way back in.

美国不会被轻易允许重返协议，重返协议需要谈判。

One way to improve its chances would be for the U.S.

有一个办法能帮助美国提高重返协议的可能性：

to present an even more ambitious green-house gas reduction target than it had before,

美国提出比之前更具抱负的温室气体排放目标，

says Joseph Goffman, the Harvard program’s executive director.

哈佛项目的执行主任约瑟夫·戈夫曼说。

That original target for the U.S. was a cut of 26% to 28% below 2005 level carbon emissions¹² by 2025.

美国原本的计划是到2025年将碳排放量缩减至比2005年的排放量还要低26%~28%。

1 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

2 mileage   

n.里程，英里数；好处，利润

参考例句：

• He doesn't think there's any mileage in that type of advertising.他认为做那种广告毫无效益。
• What mileage has your car done?你的汽车跑了多少英里？

3 emission   

n.发出物，散发物；发出，散发

参考例句：

• Rigorous measures will be taken to reduce the total pollutant emission.采取严格有力措施，降低污染物排放总量。
• Finally,the way to effectively control particulate emission is pointed out.最后，指出有效降低颗粒排放的方向。

4 sage   

n.圣人，哲人；adj.贤明的，明智的

参考例句：

• I was grateful for the old man's sage advice.我很感激那位老人贤明的忠告。
• The sage is the instructor of a hundred ages.这位哲人是百代之师。

5 grouse   

n.松鸡；v.牢骚，诉苦

参考例句：

• They're shooting grouse up on the moors.他们在荒野射猎松鸡。
• If you don't agree with me,please forget my grouse.如果你的看法不同，请不必介意我的牢骚之言。

6 unprecedented   

adj.无前例的，新奇的

参考例句：

• The air crash caused an unprecedented number of deaths.这次空难的死亡人数是空前的。
• A flood of this sort is really unprecedented.这样大的洪水真是十年九不遇。

7 administrative   

adj.行政的，管理的

参考例句：

• The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。
• He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。

8 nominee   

n.被提名者；被任命者；被推荐者

参考例句：

• His nominee for vice president was elected only after a second ballot.他提名的副总统在两轮投票后才当选。
• Mr.Francisco is standing as the official nominee for the post of District Secretary.弗朗西斯科先生是行政书记职位的正式提名人。

9 undo   

vt.解开，松开；取消，撤销

参考例句：

• His pride will undo him some day.他的傲慢总有一天会毁了他。
• I managed secretly to undo a corner of the parcel.我悄悄地设法解开了包裹的一角。

10 reins   

感情，激情； 缰( rein的名词复数 )； 控制手段； 掌管； （成人带着幼儿走路以防其走失时用的）保护带

参考例句：

• She pulled gently on the reins. 她轻轻地拉着缰绳。
• The government has imposed strict reins on the import of luxury goods. 政府对奢侈品的进口有严格的控制手段。

11 relinquished   

交出，让给( relinquish的过去式和过去分词 )； 放弃

参考例句：

• She has relinquished the post to her cousin, Sir Edward. 她把职位让给了表弟爱德华爵士。
• The small dog relinquished his bone to the big dog. 小狗把它的骨头让给那只大狗。

12 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。