时代周刊:力挽狂澜(5)

Not many fishermen, or fishing nations for that matter, are likely to embrace the idea of fencing off a third of the world's oceans.

就此而言，能接受用栅栏将世界三分之一海洋围起来这一想法的渔民，或渔业国，恐怕不会很多。

But the industry is on the brink¹ of fishing itself out of business.

问题是，该行业已经陷于破产边缘。

The U.N.'s Food and Agriculture Organization, which monitors the state of global fish stocks,

负责监测全球鱼类资源状况的联合国粮农组织（FAO）

rates 33% of species as overfished, and an additional 60% as fished to their full potential.

已经将33%的鱼类列为过度捕捞鱼类，还有60%的鱼类被列为达到捕捞上限的鱼类。

Yet the FAO also estimates that a growing global human population, slated² to hit 10 billion by 2050,

然而，据粮农组织估计，世界人口仍在不断增长，预计2050年就将敲响百亿大关的大门，

will require 70% more food than the planet can currently provide.

届时全人类需要的食物从当前来看地球所能提供的食物数量还要多出70%。

The ocean can help make up the shortfall, if fish stocks are managed better now,

海洋能够帮助人类补上这一短缺，如果鱼类资源能够得到更好的管理的话，

says Lubchenco, the former head of NOAA, who is now a professor of marine³ biology at Oregon State University.

NOAA前带头人，俄勒冈州立大学海洋生物学现任教授卢布琴科说。

Counter intuitively, that means the more fish in protected areas, the better off we will be in the long run.

这就意味着保护区保护的鱼越多，从长远来看，将来的形势就越乐观，与我们的直觉恰恰相反。

For those who fish, says Sala, marine protected areas act a little like a savings⁴ account

对捕鱼人群而言，萨拉表示，海洋保护区有点类似于一个储蓄账户。

where fish can be set aside to grow and reproduce like compound interest.

鱼可以像复利一样拿出来繁衍，生生不息。

"The larger your principal, the larger the returns.

“你的本金越高，回报就越大。

The more fish in the reserve, the greater the reproductive output.

同样，保护区里的鱼越多，繁殖的产出就越大。

And the only way to get the large principal is to have fully⁵ protected areas."

提高本金的唯一办法就是设立严格保护的保护区。”

When that bounty⁶ spills out of the sanctuaries⁷, which it often does, the fish are fair game for industry.

等到回报多到从禁猎区（即海洋保护区）溢出时，这种情况时有发生，人类便可重新开放渔业。

It's like living on interest.

就跟吃利息一样。

The fishing industry, at least in some areas, is starting to come around.

就目前来看，我们的渔业，至少某些地区的渔业已经有这个觉悟了。

"Given the speed at which marine species and habitats are declining,

“考虑到海洋物种和栖息地减少的速度，

there's a growing consensus⁸ that this requires an urgent and a globally coordinated⁹ response in improved ocean management,"

我们亟需国际社会齐心协力，改善海洋管理，大家对此看法已经日趋一致，”

says Runa Haug Khoury, director for sustainability at Norway's Aker BioMarine,

世界上最大的磷虾捕捞公司——挪威“阿克海洋生物”

the largest krill-fishing company in the world.

可持续发展项目主任鲁娜·豪格·库里说。

"For responsible fishery players, marine protected areas are not an enemy, they are a helping¹⁰ hand."

“在负责任的渔业从业者看来，海洋保护区并不是他们的敌人，而是他们的帮手。”

Effectively roping off one-third of the world's oceans will require an unprecedented¹¹ level of global cooperation.

有效隔绝世界1/3的海洋需要国际社会展开前所未有的合作。

Many countries, including the U.S. and the U.K., have committed to expanding protections in their own territorial¹² waters.

包括美国、英国在内的许多国家都已承诺加大对本国领海的保护。

But these pledges, even while being one of the biggest conservation efforts in history,

问题是，这些承诺，尽管已经是历史上最大力度的保护举措之一，

cover a combined total of less than 10% of ocean areas.

依然只是覆盖了整个海洋不到10%的面积。

1 brink   

n.(悬崖、河流等的)边缘，边沿

参考例句：

• The tree grew on the brink of the cliff.那棵树生长在峭壁的边缘。
• The two countries were poised on the brink of war.这两个国家处于交战的边缘。

2 slated   

用石板瓦盖( slate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Yuki is working up an in-home phonics program slated for Thursdays, and I'm drilling her on English conversation at dinnertime. Yuki每周四还有一次家庭语音课。我在晚餐时训练她的英语口语。
• Bromfield was slated to become U.S. Secretary of Agriculture. 布罗姆菲尔德被提名为美国农业部长。

3 marine   

adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵

参考例句：

• Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

4 savings   

n.存款，储蓄

参考例句：

• I can't afford the vacation,for it would eat up my savings.我度不起假，那样会把我的积蓄用光的。
• By this time he had used up all his savings.到这时，他的存款已全部用完。

5 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

6 bounty   

n.慷慨的赠予物，奖金；慷慨，大方；施与

参考例句：

• He is famous for his bounty to the poor.他因对穷人慷慨相助而出名。
• We received a bounty from the government.我们收到政府给予的一笔补助金。

7 sanctuaries   

n.避难所( sanctuary的名词复数 )；庇护；圣所；庇护所

参考例句：

• The designation of special marine reserves and marine sanctuaries shall be subject to the State Council for approval. 海洋特别保护区、海上自然保护区的确定，须经国务院批准。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• After 1965 he acquiesced when they established sanctuaries on that soil. 1965年以后，他默认了他们在那块土地上建立庇护所。 来自辞典例句

8 consensus   

n.(意见等的)一致，一致同意，共识

参考例句：

• Can we reach a consensus on this issue?我们能在这个问题上取得一致意见吗？
• What is the consensus of opinion at the afternoon meeting?下午会议上一致的意见是什么？

9 coordinated   

adj.协调的

参考例句：

• The sound has to be coordinated with the picture. 声音必须和画面协调一致。
• The numerous existing statutes are complicated and poorly coordinated. 目前繁多的法令既十分复杂又缺乏快调。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

10 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

11 unprecedented   

adj.无前例的，新奇的

参考例句：

• The air crash caused an unprecedented number of deaths.这次空难的死亡人数是空前的。
• A flood of this sort is really unprecedented.这样大的洪水真是十年九不遇。

12 territorial   

adj.领土的，领地的

参考例句：

• The country is fighting to preserve its territorial integrity.该国在为保持领土的完整而进行斗争。
• They were not allowed to fish in our territorial waters.不允许他们在我国领海捕鱼。