世界名人简介 第129期:乔斯·拉莫斯·霍塔

 　　Jose Ramos-Horta (born 1949) is the second Prime Minister of East Timor and a Nobel Peace Prize winner. He has spent most of his life fighting for and serving his people. He was a founder¹ of a group that fought against the Indonesian occupation of his country between 1975 and 1999. He was injured in an assassination² attempt in 2008.

　　乔斯·拉莫斯·霍塔（出生于1949年）是东帝汶第二任总理，也是诺贝尔和平奖得主。他将自己的大部分时间用在服务民众，为民众谋取权益上。1975-1999年，他领导“脱印”组织。2008年，霍塔遭遇刺受伤。

　　Ramos-Horta was involved in politics from a young age. When he was 25, he became Foreign Minister of the "Democratic Republic of East Timor". Three days after he arrived in New York to talk about independence for his country, Indonesian troops invaded and took over East Timor. He pleaded with the UN Security Council to end Indonesia’s occupation, in which 102,000 East Timorese died.

　　霍塔从年轻时候就开始涉入政坛。25岁那年成为东帝汶民主共和国外交部长。继任三天后，他前往纽约谈论东帝汶独立，印尼军攻占以及占领东帝汶。他请求联合国安理会结束印尼占领，在这场战役中，10.2万名东帝汶人阵亡。

　　Ramos-Horta travelled the world for two decades to raise awareness³ of what was happening in East Timor. He often had hardly a penny in his pocket and relied on the goodwill⁴ of well-wishers. He got the Nobel Prize in 1996 for his "sustained efforts to hinder the oppression of a small people”. Several years later, East Timor would be free.

　　霍塔周游世界二十载，目的是要提高人们对东帝汶的认识。他通常是身无分文，依靠好心人的捐助过活。霍塔为反抗少数人压迫做出了不懈努力，并于1996年授予诺贝尔奖。多年后，东帝汶重获自由。

　　Ramos-Horta played a key role in negotiating East Timor’s independence. He became his nation’s first Foreign Minister in 2002 when East Timor joined the United Nations. He resigned from this post in 2006. A day later, the Prime Minister resigned, which led to political chaos⁵. Ramos-Horta became Prime Minister two weeks later to end the turmoil⁶. He became President of East Timor in 2007.

　　在东帝汶独立问题上，霍塔起到了至关重要的作用。2002年，东帝汶加入联合国，并当选首位外交部长。2006年卸任。而就在一天之后，东帝汶总统辞职，政坛一片混乱。为结束政治动荡，霍塔在两周后当选总理。2007年当选东帝汶总统。

　　1.take over 接管

　　例句：The Belgians took over Rwanda under a League of Nations mandate⁷.

　　比利时人在一项国际联盟的授权下接管了卢旺达。

　　2.plead with 恳求

　　例句：If you don’t have any, beg and plead with a classmate to photocopy⁸ theirs.

　　如果您没有，可以恳求同学复印一份他们的。

　　3.rely on 依赖

　　例句：We have to rely on him to make the design.

　　我们不得不仰仗着他来进行这项设计。

　　4.political chaos 政治混乱

　　例句：That is the age of political chaos.

　　那是个政治上呈纷乱状态的时代。

1 Founder   

n.创始者，缔造者

参考例句：

• He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school.他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
• According to the old tradition,Romulus was the founder of Rome.按照古老的传说，罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。

2 assassination   

n.暗杀；暗杀事件

参考例句：

• The assassination of the president brought matters to a head.总统遭暗杀使事态到了严重关头。
• Lincoln's assassination in 1865 shocked the whole nation.1865年，林肯遇刺事件震惊全美国。

3 awareness   

n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智

参考例句：

• There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
• Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。

4 goodwill   

n.善意，亲善，信誉，声誉

参考例句：

• His heart is full of goodwill to all men.他心里对所有人都充满着爱心。
• We paid ￡10,000 for the shop,and ￡2000 for its goodwill.我们用一万英镑买下了这家商店，两千英镑买下了它的信誉。

5 chaos   

n.混乱，无秩序

参考例句：

• After the failure of electricity supply the city was in chaos.停电后，城市一片混乱。
• The typhoon left chaos behind it.台风后一片混乱。

6 turmoil   

n.骚乱，混乱，动乱

参考例句：

• His mind was in such a turmoil that he couldn't get to sleep.内心的纷扰使他无法入睡。
• The robbery put the village in a turmoil.抢劫使全村陷入混乱。

7 mandate   

n.托管地；命令，指示

参考例句：

• The President had a clear mandate to end the war.总统得到明确的授权结束那场战争。
• The General Election gave him no such mandate.大选并未授予他这种权力。

8 photocopy   

n.影印本；v.影印

参考例句：

• The original reproduces clearly in a photocopy.原件复印得十分清晰。
• What's wrong with the photocopy machine?复印机出了什么问题？