四六级必读美文系列:男人就是喜欢比老婆挣得多

 　　(1) According to a new study, this means I likely have significantly higher career satisfaction than if my wife earned the same or more than me. Pamela Tolbert，the co-author of The Impact of Relative Earnings¹ Among Dual-Earner Couples on Career Satisfaction and Family Satisfaction and a professor at Cornell University's ILR School, looked at 485 middle-class married couples in New York State between 1999 and 2002. They were all dual-earner couples---both husband and wife held full-time² jobs.

　　(1)一项最新研究表明，与妻子挣得和我一样多甚至比我还多的情况相比，我很可能对事业更满意。《双职工家庭相对收入对事业满意度和家庭满意度的影响》一文的合著者之一、康乃尔大学劳工关系学院(ILR School)教授帕梅拉·托尔博特在 1999-2002年间对纽约州485对中产阶级夫妇进行了研究。研究对象都是双职工，即夫妇二人都有全职工作。

　　Ms. Tolbert c1assified as "equal-earner" couples those in which both spouses³ contributed between 40% and 60% of total family income. Those in which the men contributed more than 60% of total family income she classified as "traditional" couples. Ms.Tolbert examined how satisfied men and women in these arrangements were with both their careers and their family lives.

　　托尔博特女士将受访夫妇对家庭总收入的贡献在40%-60%之间的家庭定义为“相等收入”家庭。将丈夫对家庭总收入的贡献在60%以上的家庭定义为“传统”家庭。托尔博特女士研究了这两类家庭中男和女性对事业和家庭生活的满意情况。

　　It turns out, not too surprisingly, that men really do like making more than their wives. (2) The study found that men who earn a lot more than their wives report significantly higher career satisfaction than men who Earn about the same as their spouses, according to Ms. Tolbert and her co-author，Ronit Manor⁴ of Israel's Netanya Academic College. "Husbands feel concerned when wives make more than them," says Ms. Tolbert. "We still have these kinds of models in our head."

　　结果不出所料，男人喜欢比妻子挣得多。(2)托尔博待女士与该文的另一位作者以色列奈坦亚学院的罗妮特·迈诺称，研究发现，收入远远超过妻子的男性对事业的满意度明显高于与妻子收入相当的男性。托尔博特女士说：“当妻子比自己赚得多的时候，男性会感到担忧，我们的头脑中仍有这样的思维模式。”

　　But, interestingly, although pay levels affect husbands' career satisfaction, money doesn't seem to matter much when it comes to the home front. Whether men earn less, the same or more than their wives has little effect on their reported level of family satisfaction, which tends to be high, the researchers found. The reasons for that are open to speculation，they added.

　　不过，有趣的是，尽管薪酬水平会影响丈夫对事业的满意度，在家庭生活上，金钱看起来并不那么重要。研究人员发现，夫妻俩挣得谁多谁少还是一样多，这对于家庭生活的满意度没有太大影响。男性对生活的满意度往往较高。研究人员补充道，原因仍众说纷纭。

　　(3)Meanwhile, women who earn the same as their husbands report Significantly higher levels of career satisfaction than do women in traditional couples, but significantly lower family satisfaction. The take-home message of her findings, says Ms. Tolbert, is that too many people still cling to outdated⁵ gender⁶ roles.

　　(3)与此同时，与丈夫收入一样多的女性对事业的满意度要明显高于传统家庭中的女性，不过在家庭满意度上要低得多。托尔博特女士说，她的发现揭示出了一点，那就是太多人仍倾向于过时的性别角色。

　　四六级句型讲解

　　1. According to a new study, this means I likely have significantly higher career satisfaction than if my wife eared the same or more than me.

　　本句是一个复合句， according to a new study现在分词短语作状语。 this means后面是省略了引导词的宾语从句。 if引导条件状语从句。

　　语法重点：分词短语作状语，宾语从句，条件状语从句

　　2. The study found that men who earn a lot more than their wives report significantly higher career satisfaction than men who earn about the same as their according to Ms.Tolbert and her co-author, Ronit Waismel-Manor of Israel's Netanya Academic College.

　　本句是一个复合句。 that引导宾语从句，作found的宾语。其中两个who分别引导两个限制性定语从句，修饰 men。according to Ms. Tolbert and her co-author现在分词短语作状语， Ronit Waismel-Manor of Israel' s Netanya Academic College是her co-author的同位语，起补充说明的作用。

　　宾语从句，定语从句，分词短语作状语，同位语

　　3. Meanwhile, women who cam the same as their husbands report significantly higher levels of career satisfaction than do women in traditional couples. but significantly lower family satisfaction.

　　本句是一个复合句， who引导限制性定语从句，修饰women。In traditional couples介词短语作后置定语，修饰women。

　　语法重点定语从句，介词短语作定语

1 earnings   

n.工资收人；利润，利益，所得

参考例句：

• That old man lives on the earnings of his daughter.那个老人靠他女儿的收入维持生活。
• Last year there was a 20% decrease in his earnings.去年他的收入减少了20%。

2 full-time   

adj.满工作日的或工作周的，全时间的

参考例句：

• A full-time job may be too much for her.全天工作她恐怕吃不消。
• I don't know how she copes with looking after her family and doing a full-time job.既要照顾家庭又要全天工作，我不知道她是如何对付的。

3 spouses   

n.配偶，夫或妻( spouse的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Jobs are available for spouses on campus and in the community. 校园里和社区里有配偶可做的工作。 来自辞典例句
• An astonishing number of spouses-most particularly in the upper-income brackets-have no close notion of their husbands'paychecks. 相当大一部分妇女——特别在高收入阶层——并不很了解他们丈夫的薪金。 来自辞典例句

4 manor   

n.庄园，领地

参考例句：

• The builder of the manor house is a direct ancestor of the present owner.建造这幢庄园的人就是它现在主人的一个直系祖先。
• I am not lord of the manor,but its lady.我并非此地的领主，而是这儿的女主人。

5 outdated   

adj.旧式的，落伍的，过时的；v.使过时

参考例句：

• That list of addresses is outdated,many have changed.那个通讯录已经没用了，许多地址已经改了。
• Many of us conform to the outdated customs laid down by our forebears.我们许多人都遵循祖先立下的过时习俗。

6 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。