英语听力—环球英语 1486 Desmond Tutu: Working for Justice

 　　Voice 1

　　Welcome to Spotlight¹. I’m Liz Waid.

　　Voice 2

　　And I’m Colin Lowther. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.

　　Voice 1

　　A small child is very sick. He has the disease² polio. It is the nineteen thirties in South Africa. There are no drugs to prevent or treat this disease. It kills many people.  His parents are very worried. They believe he will die. So they prepare for a funeral. But the boy does not die. And he becomes a very important man in the history of South Africa. Today’s Spotlight is on this man. His name is Desmond Tutu.

　　Voice 2

　　Tutu was born on October 7, 1931. He was born in Makoeteng, South Africa. Tutu had a very happy childhood. He liked to catch fish, to play soccer and to read books. His parents were very important in his life. His mother was kind and gentle. His father was wise and funny.

　　Voice 1

　　The Christian⁴ church was also very special to Tutu. He started serving in the church when he was seven. The priest⁵ was Zechariah Sekgapane. He loved and cared for everyone. Sekgapane was not the only positive person in Tutu’s young life. He also had great teachers at school. These leaders had dark skin, like Tutu. But one day the young Tutu had a surprising experience. He remembered what happened all his life. He was out with his mother and he saw a white man he did not know.

　　Voice 3

　　‘This white man walked past. He was wearing a big black hat and white flowing clothes. He raised his hat to my mother. Now that seemed a perfectly⁶ normal thing for him. But for me it was truly amazing that a white man could raise his hat to my mother. She was a black woman. In South Africa’s terms she was nothing.’

　　Voice 2

　　Later Tutu identified this man as Trevor Huddleston. Huddleston was a Christian priest. When Tutu was in high school he got to know Huddleston well. Huddleston showed Tutu that white and black people could be friends. Race did not have to divide people.

　　Voice 1

　　Tutu was a very good student. He wanted to be a doctor. But he could not pay for medical school. So instead he became a teacher. After teaching⁷ for a few years, Tutu decided⁸ to work for the Christian church. He completed his church studies in 1960. He became a priest. This was a time of joy in Tutu’s life. But it was not a time of joy for South Africa. The country was full of anger.

　　Voice 2

　　Apartheid law began in South Africa in 1948. These were laws that separated people based on the color of their skin. The laws gave much better treatment to white people. This made life very hard for black people in South Africa. After many years of these laws, many black people were angry. They were ready for change. Some were ready to fight.

　　Voice 1

　　Tutu did not want fighting. He wanted peace, and he wanted justice. So Tutu joined the peaceful fight against apartheid. He did not join because of politics. He joined because he thought it was the duty of Christians⁹. Tutu has written many things about this decision. In an essay called “Why We Must Oppose Apartheid”, he wrote,

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　　“I am against the evil¹⁰ policy of apartheid because of my Christian faith. It is not about politics. It is about understanding the words of Jesus Christ³.”

　　Voice 2

　　In a different essay, Tutu explains more:

　　Voice 3

　　“The Church of God has to be the salt and light of the world. We are the hope of the hopeless. We must change hate, suspicion¹¹, fear, and bitterness. We must be the opposite. We need to show people that they matter. We need to show them that God loves them.”

　　Voice 1

　　Tutu was a very good speaker. Many people heard his words. They listened to the truth in the words. But people loved him for another reason. They also loved his laugh and his smile. He could laugh in any difficult situation. He used this gift to connect to many different people. Then, he encouraged people to solve their problems together.

　　Voice 2

　　His gift of speaking and solving problems led him to many important positions. In 1975 Tutu was the first black person to be the dean¹² of St. Mary’s Cathedral in Johannesburg. The next year he became the Bishop¹³ of Lesotho. And in 1978 he became the first black General Secretary of the South African Council¹⁴ of Churches. This important organisation¹⁵ worked for justice and fair treatment for everyone. It worked to end apartheid. As its leader, Tutu became well known all over the world.

　　Voice 1

　　In 1984, Desmond Tutu received the Nobel Peace Prize. At the ceremony, he gave a speech. He said that people need to remember that every person has value. Every person should enjoy basic human rights. This is because God created each person. He ended his speech with a call to action.  He told people that they should work for peace and justice. He said,

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　　“Let us work to be peacemakers. Let us share in God’s work of healing¹⁶ and bringing people together. If we want peace, let us work for fairness and justice.”

　　Voice 2

　　Desmond Tutu followed his own words with action. He continued to work for peace and justice. In 1988, he was elected as Archbishop of Cape¹⁷ Town. This made him the head of the Anglican Church in South Africa. He was the first black person to hold this position. As a church leader, he continued to work against apartheid.

　　Voice 1

　　In 1994, Nelson Mandela was elected as South Africa’s president. He was the first black South African president. Things began to change in the country. Mandela ended apartheid law.

　　Voice 2

　　Mandela also started a Truth and Reconciliation¹⁸ Commission¹⁹. This was a group of people who acted like a public court. Their goal was to deal with the many terrible things that happened during apartheid. People came to the commission to tell their stories. Desmond Tutu was in charge of the court. He heard many sad and terrible stories. But the purpose was not to cry or become angry. The purpose was to find ways for everyone to live together in peace.

　　Voice 1

　　Desmond Tutu retired²⁰ as Archbishop in 1996. But he still cared about peace. He formed his own peace organization. Tutu is now over 80 years old. But on his website he encourages all people to continue his work:

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　　‘Do your little bit of good where you are. It is these little bits of good put together that change the world.’

　　Voice 2

　　The writer of this program was Lauren Anders. The producer was Nick Mangeolles. All quotes were adapted and voiced by Spotlight. You can find our programs on the Internet at www.radioenglish.net. This program is called ‘Desmond Tutu: Working for Justice’. We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program. Goodbye.

1 spotlight   

n.公众注意的中心，聚光灯，探照灯，视听，注意，醒目

参考例句：

• This week the spotlight is on the world of fashion.本周引人瞩目的是时装界。
• The spotlight followed her round the stage.聚光灯的光圈随着她在舞台上转。

2 disease   

n.疾病，弊端

参考例句：

• The doctors are trying to stamp out the disease.医生正在尽力消灭这种疾病。
• He fought against the disease for a long time.他同疾病做了长时间的斗争。

3 Christ   

n.基督，救世主，耶稣

参考例句：

• I regarded him as the Christ.我把他当作救世主。
• Christ preached that we should love each other.基督在布道中说人们应该互爱。

4 Christian   

adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒

参考例句：

• They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。
• His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。

5 priest   

n.神父，牧师，司铎，司祭，领导者，神甫；vt.使成为神职人员

参考例句：

• He confessed to a priest that he had sinned.他向神父忏悔他犯了罪。
• The priest visited all the old people in the parish.牧师探望了教区里的所有老人。

6 perfectly   

adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The witnesses were each perfectly certain of what they said.证人们个个对自己所说的话十分肯定。
• Everything that we're doing is all perfectly above board.我们做的每件事情都是光明正大的。

7 teaching   

n.教学，执教，任教，讲授；(复数)教诲

参考例句：

• We all agree in adopting the new teaching method. 我们一致同意采取新的教学方法。
• He created a new system of teaching foreign languages.他创造了一种新的外语教学体系。

8 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

9 Christians   

n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Christians of all denominations attended the conference. 基督教所有教派的人都出席了这次会议。
• His novel about Jesus caused a furore among Christians. 他关于耶稣的小说激起了基督教徒的公愤。

10 evil   

n.邪恶，不幸，罪恶；adj.邪恶的，不幸的，有害的，诽谤的

参考例句：

• We pray to God to deliver us from evil.我们祈求上帝把我们从罪恶中拯救出来。
• Love of money is the root of all evil.爱钱是邪恶的根源。

11 suspicion   

n.猜疑，怀疑；怀疑，嫌疑

参考例句：

• There was just a suspicion of light in the east. 东方刚刚泛白。
• I confess to some suspicion of your honesty.我承认对你的诚实有所怀疑。

12 Dean   

n.(大学)院长，系主任，教务长

参考例句：

• The students much like the new dean.学生们很喜欢这位新系主任。
• Who is the dean of the Foreign Languages Department?外语系主任是谁？

13 bishop   

n.主教，（国际象棋）象

参考例句：

• He was a bishop who was held in reverence by all.他是一位被大家都尊敬的主教。
• Two years after his death the bishop was canonised.主教逝世两年后被正式封为圣者。

14 council   

n.理事会，委员会，议事机构

参考例句：

• The town council passed a law forbidding the distribution of handbills.市议会通过法律，禁止散发传单。
• The city council has declared for improving the public bus system.市议会宣布同意改进公共汽车系统。

15 organisation   

n.组织，安排，团体，有机休

参考例句：

• The method of his organisation work is worth commending.他的组织工作的方法值得称道。
• His application for membership of the organisation was rejected.他想要加入该组织的申请遭到了拒绝。

16 healing   

n.康复，复原adj.有治疗功用的v.（使）愈合( heal的现在分词 )；治愈；（使）结束；较容易忍受

参考例句：

• miraculous powers of healing 神奇的治病能力
• She seems to have a vocation for healing. 看来她具备治病救人的才能。 来自《简明英汉词典》

17 cape   

n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风

参考例句：

• I long for a trip to the Cape of Good Hope.我渴望到好望角去旅行。
• She was wearing a cape over her dress.她在外套上披着一件披肩。

18 reconciliation   

n.和解，和谐，一致

参考例句：

• He was taken up with the reconciliation of husband and wife.他忙于做夫妻间的调解工作。
• Their handshake appeared to be a gesture of reconciliation.他们的握手似乎是和解的表示。

19 commission   

n.委托，授权，委员会，拥金，回扣，委任状

参考例句：

• The salesman can get commission on everything he sells.这个售货员能得到所售每件货物的佣金。
• The commission is made up of five people,including two women.委员会由五人组成，其中包括两名妇女。

20 retired   

adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的

参考例句：

• The old man retired to the country for rest.这位老人下乡休息去了。
• Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby.许多退休的人都以从事园艺为嗜好。