万物简史 第35期:走进太阳系(13)

 　　Still, statistically¹ the probability that there are other thinking beings out there is good. Nobody knows how many stars there are in the Milky² Way—estimates range from 100 billion or so to perhaps 400 billion—and the Milky Way is just one of 140 billion or so other galaxies³, many of them even larger than ours. In the 1960s, a professor at Cornell named Frank Drake, excited by such whopping numbers, worked out a famous equation designed to calculate the chances of advanced life in the cosmos⁴ based on a series of diminishing probabilities.

　　不过，从统计角度来看，外层空间存在有思想的生物的可能性还是很大。谁也不清楚银河系里有多少颗恒星--估计有1000亿颗到4000亿颗--而银河系只是大约1400亿个星系之一，其他许多比我们的银河系还要大。20世纪60年代，康奈尔大学的一位名叫弗兰克?德雷克的教授为这么巨大的数字所振奋，根据一系列不断缩小的可能性，想出了一个著名的方程式，旨在计算宇宙中存在高级生命的可能性。

　　Under Drake's equation you divide the number of stars in a selected portion of the universe by the number of stars that are likely to have planetary systems; divide that by the number of planetary systems that could theoretically support life; divide that by the number on which life, having arisen, advances to a state of intelligence; and so on. At each such division, the number shrinks colossally—yet even with the most conservative inputs⁵ the number of advanced civilizations just in the Milky Way always works out to be somewhere in the millions.

　　按照德雷克的方程式，你把宇宙某个部分的恒星数除以恒星可能拥有行星系的数；再用那个商除以理论上能够存在生命的行星系数；再用那个商除以已经出现生命，而且生命提高到了有智力的状态的行星系数；如此等等。每这样除一次，那个数字就大大缩小--然而，即使以最保守的输入，仅在银河系里，得出的高等文明社会的数字也总是在几百万个。

 

1 statistically   

ad.根据统计数据来看，从统计学的观点来看

参考例句：

• The sample of building permits is larger and therefore, statistically satisfying. 建筑许可数的样本比较大，所以统计数据更令人满意。
• The results of each test would have to be statistically independent. 每次试验的结果在统计上必须是独立的。

2 milky   

adj.牛奶的，多奶的；乳白色的

参考例句：

• Alexander always has milky coffee at lunchtime.亚历山大总是在午餐时喝掺奶的咖啡。
• I like a hot milky drink at bedtime.我喜欢睡前喝杯热奶饮料。

3 galaxies   

星系( galaxy的名词复数 )； 银河系； 一群（杰出或著名的人物）

参考例句：

• Quasars are the highly energetic cores of distant galaxies. 类星体是遥远星系的极为活跃的核心体。
• We still don't know how many galaxies there are in the universe. 我们还不知道宇宙中有多少个星系。

4 cosmos   

n.宇宙；秩序，和谐

参考例句：

• Our world is but a small part of the cosmos.我们的世界仅仅是宇宙的一小部分而已。
• Is there any other intelligent life elsewhere in the cosmos?在宇宙的其他星球上还存在别的有智慧的生物吗？

5 inputs   

n.输入( input的名词复数 )；投入；输入端；输入的数据v.把…输入电脑( input的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Uncheck the inputs checked for optimization in the previous stage. 不测试那些已经测试过的优化了的以前步骤的inputs.（变量参数）。 来自互联网
• Just in case, save in a file the inputs obtained at the previous stage. 以防万一，保存以前步骤获得的inputs（变量参数值）到一个文件中去。 来自互联网