万物简史 第58期:事物的测定(5)

 For all his brilliance¹, real science accounted for only a part of his interests. At least half his working life was given over to alchemy and wayward religious pursuits. These were not mere² dabblings but wholehearted devotions. He was a secret adherent³ of a dangerously heretical sect⁴ called Arianism, whose principal tenet was the belief that there had been no Holy Trinity (slightly ironic⁵ since Newton's college at Cambridge was Trinity).

尽管他那么聪明，真正的科学只占他兴趣的一部分。他至少有一半工作年龄花在炼金术和反复无常的宗教活动方面。这些活动不是涉猎，而是全身心地扑了进去。他偷偷信仰一种很危险的名叫阿里乌斯教的异教。该教的主要教义是认为根本没有三位一体（这有点儿讽刺意味，因为牛顿的工作单位就是剑桥大学的三一学院）。

He spent endless hours studying the floor plan of the lost Temple of King Solomon in Jerusalem (teaching himself Hebrew in the process, the better to scan original texts) in the belief that it held mathematical clues to the dates of the second coming of Christ and the end of the world. His attachment⁶ to alchemy was no less ardent⁷.

他花了无数个小时来研究耶路撒冷不复存在的所罗门王神殿的平面图（在此过程中自学了希伯来语，以便阅读原文作品），认为自己掌握着数学方面的线索，知道基督第二次降临和世界末日的日期。他对炼金术同样无比热心。

In 1936, the economist⁸ John Maynard Keynes bought a trunk of Newton's papers at auction⁹ and discovered with astonishment¹⁰ that they were overwhelmingly preoccupied¹¹ not with optics or planetary motions, but with a single-minded quest to turn base metals into precious ones. An analysis of a strand¹² of Newton's hair in the 1970s found it contained mercury—an element of interest to alchemists, hatters, and thermometer-makers but almost no one else—at a concentration some forty times the natural level. It is perhaps little wonder that he had trouble remembering to rise in the morning.

1936年，经济学家约翰·梅纳德在拍卖会上购得一箱子牛顿的文件，吃惊地发现那些材料绝大部分与光学或行星运动没有任何关系，而是些有关他潜心探索把低贱金属变成贵重金属的资料。20世纪70年代，人们通过分析牛顿的一绺头发发现，里面含有汞--这种元素，除了炼金术士、制帽商和温度计制造商以外，别人几乎不会感兴趣--其浓度大约是常人的40倍。他早晨有想不到起床的毛病，这也许是不足为怪的。

 

1 brilliance   

n.光辉，辉煌，壮丽，（卓越的）才华，才智

参考例句：

• I was totally amazed by the brilliance of her paintings.她的绘画才能令我惊歎不已。
• The gorgeous costume added to the brilliance of the dance.华丽的服装使舞蹈更加光彩夺目。

2 mere   

adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过

参考例句：

• That is a mere repetition of what you said before.那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。
• It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer.再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。

3 adherent   

n.信徒，追随者，拥护者

参考例句：

• He was most liberal where money would bring him a powerful or necessary political adherent.在金钱能够收买一个干练的或者必需的政治拥护者的地方，他是最不惜花钱的。
• He's a pious adherent of Buddhism.他是一位虔诚的佛教徒。

4 sect   

n.派别，宗教，学派，派系

参考例句：

• When he was sixteen he joined a religious sect.他16岁的时候加入了一个宗教教派。
• Each religious sect in the town had its own church.该城每一个宗教教派都有自己的教堂。

5 ironic   

adj.讽刺的，有讽刺意味的，出乎意料的

参考例句：

• That is a summary and ironic end.那是一个具有概括性和讽刺意味的结局。
• People used to call me Mr Popularity at high school,but they were being ironic.人们中学时常把我称作“万人迷先生”，但他们是在挖苦我。

6 attachment   

n.附属物，附件；依恋；依附

参考例句：

• She has a great attachment to her sister.她十分依恋她的姐姐。
• She's on attachment to the Ministry of Defense.她现在隶属于国防部。

7 ardent   

adj.热情的，热烈的，强烈的，烈性的

参考例句：

• He's an ardent supporter of the local football team.他是本地足球队的热情支持者。
• Ardent expectations were held by his parents for his college career.他父母对他的大学学习抱着殷切的期望。

8 economist   

n.经济学家，经济专家，节俭的人

参考例句：

• He cast a professional economist's eyes on the problem.他以经济学行家的眼光审视这个问题。
• He's an economist who thinks he knows all the answers.他是个经济学家，自以为什么都懂。

9 auction   

n.拍卖；拍卖会；vt.拍卖

参考例句：

• They've put the contents of their house up for auction.他们把房子里的东西全都拿去拍卖了。
• They bought a new minibus with the proceeds from the auction.他们用拍卖得来的钱买了一辆新面包车。

10 astonishment   

n.惊奇，惊异

参考例句：

• They heard him give a loud shout of astonishment.他们听见他惊奇地大叫一声。
• I was filled with astonishment at her strange action.我对她的奇怪举动不胜惊异。

11 preoccupied   

adj.全神贯注的，入神的；被抢先占有的；心事重重的v.占据（某人）思想，使对…全神贯注，使专心于( preoccupy的过去式)

参考例句：

• He was too preoccupied with his own thoughts to notice anything wrong. 他只顾想着心事，没注意到有什么不对。
• The question of going to the Mount Tai preoccupied his mind. 去游泰山的问题盘踞在他心头。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 strand   

vt.使（船）搁浅，使（某人）困于（某地）

参考例句：

• She tucked a loose strand of hair behind her ears.她把一缕散发夹到了耳后。
• The climbers had been stranded by a storm.登山者被暴风雨困住了。