万物简史 第644期:永不安分的类人猿(15)

As we have noted¹ elsewhere in the book, modern human beings show remarkably² little genetic³ variability—"there's more diversity in one social group of fifty-five chimps⁴ than in the entire human population," as one authority has put it—and this would explain why. Because we are recently descended⁵ from a small founding population, there hasn't been time enough or people enough to provide a source of great variability. It seemed a pretty severe blow to multiregionalism. "After this," a Penn State academic told the Washington Post, "people won't be too concerned about the multiregional theory, which has very little evidence."

正如我们在本书中其他地方所提到的那样，现代人类的基因差异性极小并无明显的差异性——正如一位权威所指出的那样，　“一群55个黑猩猩组成的族群，其基因的差异性比整个人类还要大”，这就说命了原因。因为我们是最近从一小群祖先繁衍下来的，既没有足够的时间，也没有足够多的个体来形成基因的多样性。这似乎又是对“多地区起源”假说的猛烈冲击。“今后，”宾夕法尼亚州立大学的研究人员告诉《华盛顿邮报》说，“人们不会再过多在意‘多地区起源’理论，因为支持它的证据几乎没有。”

But all of this overlooked the more or less infinite capacity for surprise offered by the ancient Mungo people of western New South Wales. In early 2001, Thorne and his colleagues at the Australian National University reported that they had recovered DNA⁶ from the oldest of the Mungo specimens—now dated at 62,000 years—and that this DNA proved to be "genetically⁷ distinct."

但是，在发生这一切的过程中，人们没有想到新南威尔士州西部的古蒙戈人在某种程度上具有提供大家意想不到的信息的无限本事。 2001年初，澳大利亚国立大学的桑恩和他的同事们宣布，他们从一个最古老的蒙戈人标本——生活于62000年前——中提取了DNA，研究表明，这种DNA“有着与众不同的基因特点”。

1 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

2 remarkably   

ad.不同寻常地，相当地

参考例句：

• I thought she was remarkably restrained in the circumstances. 我认为她在那种情况下非常克制。
• He made a remarkably swift recovery. 他康复得相当快。

3 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

4 chimps   

（非洲）黑猩猩( chimp的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Chimps are too scarce, and too nearly human, to be routinely slaughtered for spare parts. 黑猩猩又太少，也太接近于人类，不可以作为人器官备用件说杀就杀。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 医学的第四次革命
• And as nonprimates, they provoke fewer ethical and safety-related concerns than chimps or baboons. 而且作为非灵长类，就不会产生像用黑猩猩或狒狒那样的伦理和安全方面的顾虑。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 医学的第四次革命

5 descended   

a.为...后裔的，出身于...的

参考例句：

• A mood of melancholy descended on us. 一种悲伤的情绪袭上我们的心头。
• The path descended the hill in a series of zigzags. 小路呈连续的之字形顺着山坡蜿蜒而下。

6 DNA   

(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸

参考例句：

• DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
• Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。

7 genetically   

adv.遗传上

参考例句：

• All the bees in the colony are genetically related. 同一群体的蜜蜂都有亲缘关系。
• Genetically modified foods have already arrived on American dinner tables. 经基因改造加工过的食物已端上了美国人的餐桌。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 基因与食物