商业周刊:最后雇佣却先遭解雇(11)

The cold, damp conditions and crowded workstations in meatpacking plants make infectious diseases particularly hard to control. But not impossible.

肉类加工厂寒冷、潮湿的环境和拥挤的工作场所，使传染病特别难以控制。

In Europe, where labor¹ protections are stronger and most plants are smaller and more automated² than in the U.S.,

但并非不可能进行控制。在欧洲，与美国相比，欧洲的劳动保护更为严格，大多数工厂规模更小，自动化程度也更高，

the industry has avoided disabling outbreaks.

这些使得该行业避免了出现疫情爆发。

Danish Crown A/S, a huge pork producer, has had employees contract Covid-19 but has prevented plantwide spikes⁴ by employing strict hygiene⁵ practices,

丹麦皇冠公司是一家大型猪肉生产商，该公司的员工患上了新冠肺炎，但通过采取严格的卫生措施，防止了在全厂范围内的爆发。

a spokesman says. Goikoa, of Spain, the nation with the most coronavirus cases after the U.S., says its plants have operated at full capacity throughout the pandemic.

西班牙是继美国之后新冠病毒病例最多的国家，西班牙人戈伊克说，国内的工厂在疾病大流行期间已满负荷运转。

Britain, with the world's fourth-most infections and second-most deaths, has minimized plant shutdowns through rigid⁶ social distancing,

英国肉类加工者协会首席执行官尼克·艾伦表示，英国是世界上感染人数排名第四、死亡人数排列第二的国家，

says Nick Allen, CEO of the British Meat Processors Association.

通过采用严格的社交距离将工厂停产降低到最低水平。

Police showed up outside plants to lecture workers on keeping their distance, he says.

他说，警察出现在工厂外，向工人们讲述要保持距离。

There are exceptions in the U.S., too. Sanderson Farms Inc., America's third-largest poultry⁷ producer,

美国也存在例外，美国第三大家禽生产商桑德森农场公司，

has had about 100 workers test positive for Covid-19 out of 17,000 employees in its 13 plants across the South.

在其南部13家工厂的1.7万名员工中，约有100名员工检测出新冠病毒呈阳性。

In late March, Sanderson became aware of a coronavirus outbreak in Dougherty County, Ga.,

3月下旬，桑德森得知佐治亚州多尔蒂县爆发新冠疫情，

near its 1,400-worker plant in the city of Moultrie.

离其位于莫尔特里市的1400名工人的工厂很近。

It sent more than 400 workers home, with pay, to quarantine for two weeks whether or not they were showing symptoms.

工厂让400多名工人带薪回家隔离两周，不管他们是否出现症状。

The plant had to slow its line speed by 15%, but it averted⁸ a spike³ in infection, a closure, and possibly worse.

该厂不得不将其生产线的速度减缓15%，但这样做避免了感染的激增、工厂关闭，甚至可能出现的更糟糕的情况。

None of the Dougherty County workers tested positive, and there have been no reports of deaths among Sanderson workers.

多尔蒂县的工人都未检测出病毒呈阳性，而且桑德森的工人也未报告有人死亡。

Mike Cockrell, the company's chief financial officer, says Sanderson expects its chicken production will be 4% less this fiscal⁹ year than it estimated before the pandemic.

该公司首席财务官迈克·艾科克雷尔表示，桑德森公司预计，该公司本财年的鸡肉产量将比疫情爆发前估计的人数减少4%。

But "no one even asks how much it costs to protect workers," he says. "We'll add it up when this is all over."

但“没人问及保护工人要花费多少钱款，”他说，“一切都结束后，我们再加总。”

1 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

2 automated   

a.自动化的

参考例句：

• The entire manufacturing process has been automated. 整个生产过程已自动化。
• Automated Highway System (AHS) is recently regarded as one subsystem of Intelligent Transport System (ITS). 近年来自动公路系统(Automated Highway System,AHS)，作为智能运输系统的子系统之一越来越受到重视。

3 spike   

n.长钉，钉鞋；v.以大钉钉牢，使...失效

参考例句：

• The spike pierced the receipts and held them in order.那个钉子穿过那些收据并使之按顺序排列。
• They'll do anything to spike the guns of the opposition.他们会使出各种手段来挫败对手。

4 spikes   

n.穗( spike的名词复数 )；跑鞋；（防滑）鞋钉；尖状物v.加烈酒于( spike的第三人称单数 )；偷偷地给某人的饮料加入（更多）酒精（ 或药物）；把尖状物钉入；打乱某人的计划

参考例句：

• a row of iron spikes on a wall 墙头的一排尖铁
• There is a row of spikes on top of the prison wall to prevent the prisoners escaping. 监狱墙头装有一排尖钉，以防犯人逃跑。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 hygiene   

n.健康法，卫生学 （a.hygienic）

参考例句：

• Their course of study includes elementary hygiene and medical theory.他们的课程包括基础卫生学和医疗知识。
• He's going to give us a lecture on public hygiene.他要给我们作关于公共卫生方面的报告。

6 rigid   

adj.严格的，死板的；刚硬的，僵硬的

参考例句：

• She became as rigid as adamant.她变得如顽石般的固执。
• The examination was so rigid that nearly all aspirants were ruled out.考试很严，几乎所有的考生都被淘汰了。

7 poultry   

n.家禽，禽肉

参考例句：

• There is not much poultry in the shops. 商店里禽肉不太多。
• What do you feed the poultry on? 你们用什么饲料喂养家禽?

8 averted   

防止，避免( avert的过去式和过去分词 )； 转移

参考例句：

• A disaster was narrowly averted. 及时防止了一场灾难。
• Thanks to her skilful handling of the affair, the problem was averted. 多亏她对事情处理得巧妙，才避免了麻烦。

9 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。