历史上的今天-Today in History 2010-10-16

 October 16th, 1859“John Brown's body lies a moldering in the grave, John Brown's body lies a moldering in the grave, but his soul goes marching on.”

An incident that brings America closer to Civil War. Abolitionist John Brown leads a raid on a Federal arsenal¹ in Harper’s Ferry in what’s now West Virginia, hoping to spark a slave revolt. Brown later surrenders and is executed.

1793During the French Revolution Queen Marie Antoinette who was said to have told France starving people, “Let them eat cake” is beheaded.

1978The Roman Catholic Church chooses its first non-Italian Pope in more than 450 years. He is Polish Cardinal² Karol Wojtyla who takes the name of John Paul II.

1973American Henry Kissinger and North Vietnam’s Le Duc Tho are awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. They are honored for negotiating a cease-fire in the Vietnam War. But Le declines the award saying he can’t accept because the Vietnamese don’t have peace.

1998In London British police arrest Chile’s former dictator Augusto Pinochet. They detain him for questioning about the allegations that he had murdered Spanish citizens during his years in power. Pinochet eventually returns to Chile but he faces investigations³ and court cases there until he dies 8 years later.

1916Margaret Sanger opens the first birth-control clinic in Brooklyn, New York. She is later arrested and serves 30 days in jail after police raid the clinic.

1987End of a 58-and-a-half-hour drama in Midland, Texas. That’s where rescuers free Jessica McClure, an 18-month-old girl trapped in an abandoned well.

And 1997Novelist James Michener whose South Pacific tales inspired Broadway musical, dies in Austin, Texas.

Today in History, October 16th, Tim Maguire, the Associate Press.

1 arsenal   

n.兵工厂，军械库

参考例句：

• Even the workers at the arsenal have got a secret organization.兵工厂工人暗中也有组织。
• We must be the great arsenal of democracy.我们必须成为民主的大军火库。

2 cardinal   

n.(天主教的)红衣主教；adj.首要的，基本的

参考例句：

• This is a matter of cardinal significance.这是非常重要的事。
• The Cardinal coloured with vexation. 红衣主教感到恼火，脸涨得通红。

3 investigations   

（正式的）调查( investigation的名词复数 )； 侦查； 科学研究； 学术研究

参考例句：

• His investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查，但没有发现什么。
• He often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。