【突破英文词汇】extra-outside intra-within

1. extracurricular /ˌekstrəkə'rɪkjʊlə/

-- outside the regular curriculum or course of study

Why don't you join an extracurricular activity, such as a club, the school newspaper or a team?

你为什么不参加一项课外活动呢？例如社团、校刊或是球队。

 

 

2. extraneous¹ /ɪkˈstreɪniəs/

-- coming from or existing outside; foreign; not essential

You said you would stick to the topic, but you keep introducing extraneous issues.

你说你不会跑题，可一直在介绍不相干的事物。

 

 

3. extravagant² /iksˈtræviɡənt/

-- 1. outside the bounds of reason; excessive 

2. spending lavishly³; wasteful⁴

Reliable salesmen do not make extravagant claims for their product.

可靠的推销员不过度夸耀他们的产品。

In a few months, the extravagant heir spent the fortune of a lifetime.

几个月内，那个挥霍无度的继承人就花掉了一生的财富。

 

 

4. intramural /ˌɪntrəˈmjʊərəl/

-- within the walls or boundaries( of a school, college, etc.); confined to numbers( of a school, college, etc,)

The intramural program, in which one class competes with another, gives you a greater chance to participate than the interscholastic program between teams of competing schools.

校内班际间的比赛比校际间的比赛更能提供给你参与的机会。

 

 

5. intraparty /'ɪntrə'pɑ:tɪ/

-- within a party

The Democrats⁵ are trying to heal intraparty strife⁶ so as to present a united front in the coming election.

民主党员设法和解党内的纷争，以求在未来的选举中以统一阵线的形象出现。

 

 

6. intrastate /ˌɪntrə'steɪt/

-- within a state 

Commerce between the states is regulated by the Interstate Commerce Commission, but intrastate commerce is supervised by the states themselves.

州际贸易由州际贸易委员会调节，而各州内部的贸易则由各州管理。

 

 

7. intravenous /ˌɪntrəˈvi:nəs/

-- within or by way of the veins⁷

Patients are nourished by intravenous feeding when too ill to take food by mouth.

当病人因病重而不能用嘴进食时，需靠静脉注射来提供营养。

1 extraneous   

adj.体外的；外来的；外部的

参考例句：

• I can choose to ignore these extraneous thoughts.我可以选择无视这些外来的想法。
• Reductant from an extraneous source is introduced.外来的还原剂被引进来。

2 extravagant   

adj.奢侈的；过分的；(言行等)放肆的

参考例句：

• They tried to please him with fulsome compliments and extravagant gifts.他们想用溢美之词和奢华的礼品来取悦他。
• He is extravagant in behaviour.他行为放肆。

3 lavishly   

adv.慷慨地，大方地

参考例句：

• His house was lavishly adorned.他的屋子装饰得很华丽。
• The book is lavishly illustrated in full colour.这本书里有大量全彩插图。

4 wasteful   

adj.（造成）浪费的，挥霍的

参考例句：

• It is a shame to be so wasteful.这样浪费太可惜了。
• Duties have been reassigned to avoid wasteful duplication of work.为避免重复劳动浪费资源，任务已经重新分派。

5 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 strife   

n.争吵，冲突，倾轧，竞争

参考例句：

• We do not intend to be drawn into the internal strife.我们不想卷入内乱之中。
• Money is a major cause of strife in many marriages.金钱是造成很多婚姻不和的一个主要原因。

7 veins   

n.纹理；矿脉( vein的名词复数 )；静脉；叶脉；纹理

参考例句：

• The blood flows from the capillaries back into the veins. 血从毛细血管流回静脉。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I felt a pleasant glow in all my veins from the wine. 喝过酒后我浑身的血都热烘烘的，感到很舒服。 来自《简明英汉词典》