词汇大师-- 'National Day of Listening' Promoted

　　AA: I'm Avi Arditti with Rosanne Skirble, and this week on WORDMASTER: a big week for talkers and listeners.
RS: This Thursday, millions of Americans will gather with family and friends to celebrate Thanksgiving -- or "Turkey Day," as many call it. That's because a roasted turkey is the traditional star of the holiday meal, usually served with extra helpings¹ of the latest family news.
AA: This year, a nonprofit group that collects oral histories for archiving at the Library of Congress is urging Americans to start a new tradition -- a National Day of Listening. StoryCorps is inviting² people to set aside one hour on the Friday after Thanksgiving to record a conversation with an older relative or someone else important to them. The interviews can be uploaded and shared at a Web site, nationaldayoflistening.org
RS: You don't have to be a trained sociocultural anthropologist³ to be a good listener, but it probably helps. Kath Weston is a professor in the Anthropology⁴ Department at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville. And she is the author of a new book, based on five years of riding cross-country buses and listening to people talk about lives of poverty.
AA: Her book is called "Traveling Light: On the Road with America's Poor." The Census⁵ Bureau says the nation's official poverty rate was 12.5 percent last year, or 37 million people. Experts are predicting an increase as a result of the current economic crisis.
RS: Reporter Jesse Dukes recently talked with Kath Weston. They rode a bus operated by Greyhound, the largest intercity bus company in North America.
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JD: So the driver takes our tickets, we get on the bus, find seats and settle in.
DRIVER: "We're scheduled to arrive at our main station in Washington, D.C., at seven twenty-five p.m. The use of electronic devices is done so with a personal headset ... "
JD: Once we get moving, she tells me she wanted to write a book on living poor in the world's richest nation. As far as setting the book on buses -- well, bus tickets are relatively⁶ cheap, so if you are living poor and you have to travel, you're likely to take the bus. And while Weston does write about the causes of poverty, she's was more interested in talking to people living their lives.

　　KATH WESTON: "You know, I really did want to emphasize the motion. When you talk about it as living, I mean that is what you're doing, you're living. And how do you live? Those are the kinds of things that I'm interested in."
JD: Weston likes that bus travel is a chance to meet all sorts of people traveling for a variety of reasons: people migrating to find work, people visiting relatives or traveling to a political rally. She met a young Latino, traveling to a job, who gets hassled because he can't understand an English-speaking security guard.
She stood in long lines for hours or shared food with strangers, or babysat while they went to the bathroom.
One of her more telling anecdotes⁷ is about T.J., a young African-American man travelling to Oklahoma for a new job.
KATH WESTON: "So we start talking to him, and he says: "Well, I'm traveling because I have a new job in food processing.' And food processing turns out to be a kind of euphemism⁸ for working in a meat-packing plant. In the course of the conversation, it becomes evident that T.J. had no food with him on the trip and he had no money for food on this trip that was going to take more than twenty-four hours.
"And so then when we get to a rest stop, there's a counter there where they're selling soft tacos. And the guy from the front of the bus and his wife, both of them are Mexican-American, they come back with this whole bag full of soft tacos and they give it to T.J. and say 'Please take this.' And he's hesitant, but he's hungry, and he does eventually take them. And then he says to them 'gracias' [thank you], and this is a guy who doesn't speak Spanish basically."
JD: "So he's making a gesture."
KATH WESTON: "So he's making a gesture."
JD: Weston likes the story because it shows how riding the bus, which a lot of us think of as uncomfortable, can also bring strangers together. But like most of the stories in the book, it also helps her make a sociological point.
She says poverty and wealth are relative. And, for example, although America is a very wealthy country, the income of the bottom twenty percent actually fell during the boom of the nineteen nineties.
KATH WESTON: "And it was not lost on any of us, the irony⁹ of this kind of situation. You know, here he is in a position, he's going to pack the food, but he can't afford to buy any and he can't afford to eat it. So what does that say? That's a story about relative poverty. What does it mean that these are the people who are basically supplying and processing the food for the world's wealthiest nation?"   Weston says that people on the bus have opinions about this sort of thing too, but she didn't want to just observe, she
JD: Another rider overhears us and wants to add her two cents to our conversation.
WOMAN: "If indigenous¹⁰ people were listened to ... "
JD: It's just the sort of moment that could be in "Traveling Light," and the three of us talk until we get to the station, where we go our separate ways.
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JD: For VFH Radio at the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities, I'm Jesse Dukes.
AA: And that's WORDMASTER for this week. Archives of our segments are at voanews.com/wordmaster.
RS: Thanks for listening. With Avi Arditti, I'm Rosanne Skirble.

1 helpings   

n.（食物）的一份( helping的名词复数 )；帮助，支持

参考例句：

• You greedy pig! You've already had two helpings! 你这个馋嘴！你已经吃了两份了！
• He had two helpings of pudding. 他吃了两客布丁。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

2 inviting   

adj.诱人的，引人注目的

参考例句：

• An inviting smell of coffee wafted into the room.一股诱人的咖啡香味飘进了房间。
• The kitchen smelled warm and inviting and blessedly familiar.这间厨房的味道温暖诱人，使人感到亲切温馨。

3 anthropologist   

n.人类学家，人类学者

参考例句：

• The lecturer is an anthropologist.这位讲师是人类学家。
• The anthropologist unearthed the skull of an ancient human at the site.人类学家在这个遗址挖掘出那块古人类的颅骨。

4 anthropology   

n.人类学

参考例句：

• I believe he has started reading up anthropology.我相信他已开始深入研究人类学。
• Social anthropology is centrally concerned with the diversity of culture.社会人类学主要关于文化多样性。

5 census   

n.(官方的)人口调查，人口普查

参考例句：

• A census of population is taken every ten years.人口普查每10年进行一次。
• The census is taken one time every four years in our country.我国每四年一次人口普查。

6 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

7 anecdotes   

n.掌故，趣闻，轶事( anecdote的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• amusing anecdotes about his brief career as an actor 关于他短暂演员生涯的趣闻逸事
• He related several anecdotes about his first years as a congressman. 他讲述自己初任议员那几年的几则轶事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 euphemism   

n.婉言，委婉的说法

参考例句：

• Language reflects culture and euphemism is a mirror of culture.语言反映文化,而婉语则是各种文化的一面镜子。
• Euphemism is a very common and complicated linguistic phenomenon.委婉语是一种十分常见而又非常复杂的语言现象。

9 irony   

n.反语，冷嘲；具有讽刺意味的事，嘲弄

参考例句：

• She said to him with slight irony.她略带嘲讽地对他说。
• In her voice we could sense a certain tinge of irony.从她的声音里我们可以感到某种讥讽的意味。

10 indigenous   

adj.土产的，土生土长的，本地的

参考例句：

• Each country has its own indigenous cultural tradition.每个国家都有自己本土的文化传统。
• Indians were the indigenous inhabitants of America.印第安人是美洲的土著居民。