英国新闻听力 俄被指蓄意加剧叙难民危机

The challengers for the US presidency¹ have been addressing large rallies as they try to maximize their support on Super Tuesday. Eleven US states are choosing Democratic and Republican Party candidates for November's election.The Republican Donald Trump³ and the Democrat² Hillary Clinton are hoping wins today will allow them to pull decisively away from their rivals. James Cook reports. Polls suggest Donald Trump will sweep the board in almost all of the 11 states which are in play despite the hostility⁴ of many people inside his adopted party. Having built his support on divisive rhetoric⁶ about banning Muslims from entering the US and building a wall on the Mexican border, Mr. Trump today tries to present himself as the unity⁷ candidate. The exception to Mr. Trump's expected dominance may be here in Texas, the home of Senator Ted⁵ Cruz who insists he is the only credible⁸ conservative alternative to the property tycoon⁹, a claim disputed by another Senator Marco Rubio of Florida. Mrs.Clinton's only rival for the Democrats¹⁰' nomination¹¹ Bernie Sanders will be hoping to win in his home state of Vermont.

NATO's most senior commander in Europe has accused Russia of helping¹² the Syrian government to create a refugee crisis deliberately¹³ as a weapon of war. General Philippe Breedlove told a Senate Committee in Washington that he could see no reason for Moscow and Damascus to use indiscriminate weapons against civilians¹⁵ in Syria other than to displace people. The Russians are using almost no precision weaponry. Their weaponry is imprecise and dropped in a large quantity and again I don't know what military utility that would have other than to get people displaced and on the road and into someone else's problems there.

The Head of FBI has accepted that forcing Apple to unlock an iPhone linked to a terror attack could set a legal precedent¹⁶. James Comey told a congressional committee that Apple's iPhone encryption stopped law enforcement agencies from gathering¹⁷ evidence. Apple says creating software to unlock the phones would weaken the security of hundreds of millions of devices.

Police in Brazil have arrested the Vice¹⁸ President of Facebook Latin America, saying the social media company has refused to cooperate in a drugs trafficking investigation¹⁹. The authorities have been seeking information from the company's phone messaging service What's App. Julia Carneiro reports. Diego Dzodan was detained at his home in Sao Paolo accused of violating a Brazilian law on organized crime by failing to hand over data from What's App. If he's convicted of preventing or hampering²⁰ investigations²¹ involving criminal organizations, he could face between three and eight years in prison. In a statement, Facebook described the detention²² as extreme and disproportionate. You're listening to the latest world news from the BBC.

The Bolivian President Evo Morales has begun legal action against former girlfriend demanding his son he thought to have died nine years ago. The woman Gabriel Zapata has told Mr. Morales the boy died in infancy²³. But one of her relatives now says the child is alive and lives in an undisclosed location in Bolivia. Mr. Morales says Ms. Zapata has been given five days to present the boy to the authorities.

Officials in Jordan say the security forces have killed several militants²⁴ during raids to arrest suspected Islamists in the northern city of Irbid near the border with Syria. The government described it as one of the largest sweeps against hardline Islamist groups in recent years.

Scientists say they've identified for the first time a gene¹⁴ responsible for grey hair. The researchers say the gene called IRF4 is involved in regulating melanin the pigment²⁵ being hair color as well as the color of the skin and eyes. One of the scientists Dr Kaustubh Adhikari from University College London says further research could make it possible to target proteins responsible for greying. We think that eventually you could have a bill or you could have a lotion²⁶ for your skull²⁷ about something that you might use for this purpose. That's all speculative²⁸ in the future. We have to do much more study before we can do that.

Police in the Philippines say a gunman has shot and wounded an influential²⁹ Saudi Arabian preacher who had just left a university lecture. Sheikh Aaidhal-Qarni was attacked in the southern city of Zamboanga by a man who ran out of the crowd. The police shot the attacker dead. Sheikh al-Qarni's injuries are not life threatening.

Top American baseball team The Tampa Bay Rays will play an exhibition match against the Cuban National Team in Havana during President Obama's historic visit in three weeks’ time. The race will become the first Major League side play in Cuba since 1999. BBC News.

超级星期二决战在即，在各大集会演讲中，各候选人使出浑身解数争夺选票。全美11州将举行初选。共和党特朗普以及民主党希拉里胜券在握，其它对手怕只能望尘莫及。请听詹姆斯·库克的报道。尽管特朗普遭党内大佬们齐声反对，但据民调显示，特朗普有望拿下所有11州。之前，特朗普分裂言论不断，宣称禁止穆斯林入境，在美墨边境修建围墙，但今天他却扮演了和平使者。加州或许不是特朗普的福地，对于地产大亨，科鲁兹坚称他是保守派的最佳候选人，此声明随即遭到佛州参议员马可·卢比奥的反对。民主党方面，桑德斯是希拉里提名之路的唯一障碍，他也只能在老家佛蒙特州自求多福了。

北约欧洲盟军最高统帅部司令表示称，俄罗斯拿难民危机为“武器”，以此帮助叙利亚政府军。司令菲力浦·布里德洛夫在华盛顿参议院委员会发表讲话，称“俄叙”双方没有对平民进行安置，而是随意使用武力进行攻击。称俄罗斯的打击毫无精确目标。打击目标不明确，且打击力度惊人，我不知道俄方的军事打击到底有何用，他们的目的只是希望民众无家可归，给他人制造麻烦。

联邦调查局局长表示称，强制苹果解锁恐袭涉案手机或建立司法判例。詹姆斯·科米在众议院委员会上表示，苹果加密系统使得执法部门无法获取犯罪证据。苹果方面认为，数亿用户安全恐因解密软件遭受威胁。

“脸书”拉美区副总裁遭巴西警方逮捕，理由是“脸书”拒绝协助贩毒案调查。警方正在旗下通讯应用“What's App”中获取信息。请听茱莉亚·卡内罗的报道。因无法提供What's App用户信息，蒂亚戈·卓丹在家中被捕，指控罪名为组织犯罪。若阻碍案件调查罪名成立，他将面临3-8年刑期。在一则声明中，“脸书”认为此举太过极端。BBC全球新闻。

玻利维亚总统埃沃·莫拉莱斯将起诉前女友，并希望见到自己的儿子，而他原以为儿子已于9年前去世。

萨帕塔曾对莫拉莱斯说儿子早已夭折。然而，萨帕塔亲属称儿子还活着，目前就生活在境内，但并未透露地点。莫拉莱斯表示称，警方要求萨帕塔在五天之内交出儿子。

据约旦官方表示，安全部队在突袭中逮捕多名“伊斯兰国”极端分子，地点位于北部城市伊尔比德，该地区与叙利亚接壤。并称这是近几年围剿“伊斯兰国”强硬派的又一重大胜利。

科学家首次发现灰发基因。据研究人员表示，“IRF4”调控黑色素生长，且影响皮肤和眼睛颜色。来自伦敦大学的阿迪卡里教授认为，通过深入研究，我们很有可能发现灰发蛋白质。未来，我们可以在头皮上大做文章，通过乳胶缓解头发变白。这些都是我们对未来的设想。而要做到这一点还有很长的路要走。

据菲律宾警方表示，沙特知名学者遭枪击，当时他刚刚结束大学演讲。卡尼教授在南部城市三宝颜遭枪击，枪手在人群中窜出开枪射击。枪手被当场击毙。卡尼教授受伤，但无生命危险。

奥巴马将对古巴进行历史性访问，在此期间，坦帕湾光芒队将在哈瓦那与古巴国家队进行表演赛。自1999年以来，这是第一次有“美职联”球队在古巴进行比赛。BBC新闻。

1 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

2 democrat   

n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员

参考例句：

• The Democrat and the Public criticized each other.民主党人和共和党人互相攻击。
• About two years later,he was defeated by Democrat Jimmy Carter.大约两年后，他被民主党人杰米卡特击败。

3 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

4 hostility   

n.敌对，敌意；抵制［pl.］交战，战争

参考例句：

• There is open hostility between the two leaders.两位领导人表现出公开的敌意。
• His hostility to your plan is well known.他对你的计划所持的敌意是众所周知的。

5 ted   

vt.翻晒，撒，撒开

参考例句：

• The invaders gut ted the village.侵略者把村中财物洗劫一空。
• She often teds the corn when it's sunny.天好的时候她就翻晒玉米。

6 rhetoric   

n.修辞学，浮夸之言语

参考例句：

• Do you know something about rhetoric?你懂点修辞学吗？
• Behind all the rhetoric,his relations with the army are dangerously poised.在冠冕堂皇的言辞背后，他和军队的关系岌岌可危。

7 unity   

n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调

参考例句：

• When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。
• We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

8 credible   

adj.可信任的，可靠的

参考例句：

• The news report is hardly credible.这则新闻报道令人难以置信。
• Is there a credible alternative to the nuclear deterrent?是否有可以取代核威慑力量的可靠办法？

9 tycoon   

n.有钱有势的企业家，大亨

参考例句：

• The tycoon is on the verge of bankruptcy.那名大亨濒临破产的边缘。
• The tycoon has many servants to minister to his needs.那位大亨有很多人服侍他。

10 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 nomination   

n.提名，任命，提名权

参考例句：

• John is favourite to get the nomination for club president.约翰最有希望被提名为俱乐部主席。
• Few people pronounced for his nomination.很少人表示赞成他的提名。

12 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

13 deliberately   

adv.审慎地；蓄意地；故意地

参考例句：

• The girl gave the show away deliberately.女孩故意泄露秘密。
• They deliberately shifted off the argument.他们故意回避这个论点。

14 gene   

n.遗传因子，基因

参考例句：

• A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
• The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。

15 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

16 precedent   

n.先例，前例；惯例；adj.在前的，在先的

参考例句：

• Is there a precedent for what you want me to do?你要我做的事有前例可援吗？
• This is a wonderful achievement without precedent in Chinese history.这是中国历史上亘古未有的奇绩。

17 gathering   

n.集会，聚会，聚集

参考例句：

• He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
• He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。

18 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

19 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

20 hampering   

妨碍，束缚，限制( hamper的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• So fraud on cows and development aid is seriously hampering growth. 因此在牛问题上和发展补助上的诈骗严重阻碍了发展。
• Short-termism, carbon-trading, disputing the science-are hampering the implementation of direct economically-led objectives. 短效主义，出售二氧化碳，进行科学辩论，这些都不利于实现以经济为主导的直接目标。

21 investigations   

（正式的）调查( investigation的名词复数 )； 侦查； 科学研究； 学术研究

参考例句：

• His investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查，但没有发现什么。
• He often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。

22 detention   

n.滞留，停留；拘留，扣留；(教育)留下

参考例句：

• He was kept in detention by the police.他被警察扣留了。
• He was in detention in connection with the bribery affair.他因与贿赂事件有牵连而被拘留了。

23 infancy   

n.婴儿期；幼年期；初期

参考例句：

• He came to England in his infancy.他幼年时期来到英国。
• Their research is only in its infancy.他们的研究处于初级阶段。

24 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

25 pigment   

n.天然色素，干粉颜料

参考例句：

• The Romans used natural pigments on their fabrics and walls.古罗马人在织物和墙壁上使用天然颜料。
• Who thought he might know what the skin pigment phenomenon meant.他自认为可能知道皮肤色素出现这种现象到底是怎么回事。

26 lotion   

n.洗剂

参考例句：

• The lotion should be applied sparingly to the skin.这种洗液应均匀地涂在皮肤上。
• She lubricates her hands with a lotion.她用一种洗剂来滑润她的手。

27 skull   

n.头骨；颅骨

参考例句：

• The skull bones fuse between the ages of fifteen and twenty-five.头骨在15至25岁之间长合。
• He fell out of the window and cracked his skull.他从窗子摔了出去，跌裂了颅骨。

28 speculative   

adj.思索性的，暝想性的，推理的

参考例句：

• Much of our information is speculative.我们的许多信息是带推测性的。
• The report is highly speculative and should be ignored.那个报道推测的成分很大，不应理会。

29 influential   

adj.有影响的，有权势的

参考例句：

• He always tries to get in with the most influential people.他总是试图巴结最有影响的人物。
• He is a very influential man in the government.他在政府中是个很有影响的人物。