英国新闻听力 中国全面二孩政策将实施

The UN secretary general says he's encouraged that Iran has become involved for the first time in international talks in resolving the conflict in Syria. The US secretary of State John Kerry has held preliminary discussions with his counterparts from Iran, Russia, Turkey and Saudi Arabia. As world powers prepare for a substantive¹ negotiations² in Vienna, Ban Ki-moon urged them to show a sense of flexibility³. I'm urging all these five countries to show their global leadership rather than their own national perspectives. The longer they take their own national perspectives, the much more our people will suffer and whole world will suffer.

Men armed with knives have attacked rally held by the main opposition⁴ National League for Democracy in Myanmar's largest city Yangon. The NLD candidate for the area, a seating MP has been taken to hospital with injuries to his head and hands. The attack comes ten days before Myanmar's first openly contested election in 25 years and three days before the NLD leader Aung San Suu Kyi is due to hold a large rally.

Paul Ryan has been elected as the new speaker of US House of Representatives. The 45-year-old republican from Wisconsin succeeds John Boehner who announced his retirement⁵ last month. A White House spokesman said President Obama respected the speaker Ryan despite differences on policy. In his speech accepting the role, Mr. Ryan described the house as broken. The BBC's Anthony Zurcher says he's facing a difficult task. He is generally well-respected as a charismatic young man. He comes kind of from the conservative wing of the Republican party, but they've turned on people who they think don't have their backs before. So he's going to have to try to broke or some compromises actually get legislation passed and when that happens, that's when you see this right-wing conservative Tea Party caucus⁶ started to break away and cause trouble.

A Saudi Arabia blogger Raif Badawi has been given the Sakharov human rights prize. He ran an Internet discussion forum⁷ "Free Saudi Liberals". Last year, there was an international outrage⁸ when he was sentenced to ten years in prison for insulting Islamic values. Alvilin Avidboal is the co-founder of the Raif Badawi Foundation for Freedom. She says the award may not help his cause immediately. Well, it means a lot. It's the second most important prize or the same level as the Nobel Prize for freedom and it means that his struggle is concerned for so many people around the world, for the European Parliamentarian. Of course it's a consolation⁹ for now but it doesn't mean that Raif will be released tomorrow morning. BBC news.

China has announced the end of its decades-long policy of restricting most families to having only one child. The official Xinhua News Agency said that all couples would be allowed to two children citing a statement from the ruling Communist Party.

Reports from Sudan say there's been an escalation¹⁰ of a border dispute with Ethiopia. Sudan's interior minister Esmat Abdel Rahman told Parliament that Ethiopian cattle rustlers had killed at least 16 farmers and stolen nearly 300 cattle in recent raids. Members of the Sudanese Parliament have asked government to send troops to the border state of El-Gadaref.

A corruption¹¹ watchdog says nearly all countries in the Middle East and North Africa have opaque¹² defense¹³ budgets with almost no parliamentary accountability. In a new report, the London-based Transparency International says secrecy¹⁴ across defense and security establishment remains¹⁵ the norm in the region and that the ensuing corruption was having a big impact on the rise of terrorism. It said only Jordan and Tunisia published their defense budgets. BBC news.

伊朗首次参与解决叙利亚问题的国际会议，联合国秘书长对此表示欢迎。美国国务卿约翰·克里已经与伊朗、俄罗斯、土耳其以及沙特外长举行了初步讨论。就在各方即将在维也纳举行实质性会谈时，潘基文敦促各方在谈判中展现灵活性。我敦促五国要展现出世界领导人的风范，而不是以本国利益为原则的谈判。利己主义所持续的时间越长，全球民众所遭受的灾难也将越久。

在缅甸最大城市仰光，数名手持刀剑的男子袭击了反对党全国民主联盟集会。该地区候选人、现任议员头部和手部受伤，并被送往医院。而十天以后，缅甸将召开25年来的首次公开大选，全国民主联盟领袖昂山素季也计划在三天后举行选举集会。

保罗·瑞安当选众议院新任议长。这名来自威斯康辛州的45岁共和党人接替了上个月宣布辞职的博纳。白宫发言人表示称，总统奥巴马虽然在政策上与莱恩相左，但是对他充满了尊敬。在他的上任演讲上，瑞安认为众议院目前处于“分裂和破碎”状态。BBC记者安东尼·泽克认为他将面临严峻挑战。人们都将其称之为具有感召力的年轻人。他是共和党中的保守派，并开始背叛那些不支持他们的人。他将试图打破这一规律，以及那些被“妥协”出来的宪法，如果事情一旦发生，你将看到右翼保守派“茶党”会议的分崩离析。

沙特博主拉夫·巴达维被授予萨哈罗夫人权奖。他曾创建了一个名叫“沙特自由网”的网络论坛。由于触犯伊斯兰教，他被判处10年监禁，而此事件也引起了国际舆论。巴多安是拉夫·巴达维自由基金联合创始人。她认为该奖项或许不会对他的事业产生立竿见影的效果。当然，这一奖项意义重大。萨哈罗夫人权奖是第二大重要奖项，并与诺贝尔和平奖齐名，这就说明他的斗争得到了欧洲议会议员，以及全球许多民众的关注。我们得到了安慰，但是这并不表明拉夫明天早上就能够得到释放。BBC新闻。

中国宣布结束施行几十年的计划生育政策。中国政府官方新闻机构新华社援引中共声明称，中国全面开放二孩政策。

苏丹报告称苏埃边境局势升级。苏丹内政部长伊斯马特·阿卜杜勒·拉赫曼对国会称在最近几次扫荡中，来自埃方的偷牛贼杀害了至少16名农民，抢走了近300头牛。苏丹议会成员要求政府向边境州嘉达夫派遣士兵。

反贪监察机构称就国防预算而言，几乎所有来自中东和北美的国家均不透明，并且几乎不设议会问责。在一项最新报告中，伦敦国际透明组织称，保密已经成为了该地区国防和安全部门的常态，而随之带来的贪污问题将对恐怖主义的抬头构成深远影响。该机构称只有约旦和突尼斯公布了自己的国防预算。BBC新闻。

1 substantive   

adj.表示实在的；本质的、实质性的；独立的；n.实词，实名词；独立存在的实体

参考例句：

• They plan to meet again in Rome very soon to begin substantive negotiations.他们计划不久在罗马再次会晤以开始实质性的谈判。
• A president needs substantive advice,but he also requires emotional succor. 一个总统需要实质性的建议，但也需要感情上的支持。

2 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

3 flexibility   

n.柔韧性，弹性，（光的）折射性，灵活性

参考例句：

• Her great strength lies in her flexibility.她的优势在于她灵活变通。
• The flexibility of a man's muscles will lessen as he becomes old.人老了肌肉的柔韧性将降低。

4 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

5 retirement   

n.退休，退职

参考例句：

• She wanted to enjoy her retirement without being beset by financial worries.她想享受退休生活而不必为金钱担忧。
• I have to put everything away for my retirement.我必须把一切都积蓄起来以便退休后用。

6 caucus   

n.秘密会议；干部会议；v.（参加）干部开会议

参考例句：

• This multi-staged caucus takes several months.这个多级会议常常历时好几个月。
• It kept the Democratic caucus from fragmenting.它也使得民主党的核心小组避免了土崩瓦解的危险。

7 forum   

n.论坛，讨论会

参考例句：

• They're holding a forum on new ways of teaching history.他们正在举行历史教学讨论会。
• The organisation would provide a forum where problems could be discussed.这个组织将提供一个可以讨论问题的平台。

8 outrage   

n.暴行，侮辱，愤怒；vt.凌辱，激怒

参考例句：

• When he heard the news he reacted with a sense of outrage.他得悉此事时义愤填膺。
• We should never forget the outrage committed by the Japanese invaders.我们永远都不应该忘记日本侵略者犯下的暴行。

9 consolation   

n.安慰，慰问

参考例句：

• The children were a great consolation to me at that time.那时孩子们成了我的莫大安慰。
• This news was of little consolation to us.这个消息对我们来说没有什么安慰。

10 escalation   

n.扩大，增加

参考例句：

• The threat of nuclear escalation remains. 核升级的威胁仍旧存在。 来自辞典例句
• Escalation is thus an aspect of deterrence and of crisis management. 因此逐步升级是威慑和危机处理的一个方面。 来自辞典例句

11 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

12 opaque   

adj.不透光的；不反光的，不传导的；晦涩的

参考例句：

• The windows are of opaque glass.这些窗户装着不透明玻璃。
• Their intentions remained opaque.他们的意图仍然令人费解。

13 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

14 secrecy   

n.秘密，保密，隐蔽

参考例句：

• All the researchers on the project are sworn to secrecy.该项目的所有研究人员都按要求起誓保守秘密。
• Complete secrecy surrounded the meeting.会议在绝对机密的环境中进行。

15 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。