发明巨无霸汉堡的麦当劳老店主逝世

 　　In April 1967, hamburger lovers in Uniontown, Pa., south of Pittsburgh, met a newer, bigger burger.

　　1967年4月，位于宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡南部尤宁敦(Uniontown)的一位汉堡爱好者见到了一种更新、更大的汉堡。

　　Introduced by a local McDonald’s, it was called the Big Mac,

　　它由当地的麦当劳(McDonald’s)推出，被称为巨无霸(Big Mac)。

　　and for 45 cents it delivered, as a 1970s jingle¹ would have it, two all-beef patties, special sauce, lettuce², cheese, pickles⁴, onions on a sesame-seed bun.

　　就像70年代的广告歌曲里唱的，只要45美分，你就可以得到铺在带芝麻的圆面包上的两块纯牛肉饼、特制酱料、生菜、奶酪、泡菜和洋葱。

　　Response was positive.

　　市场反响非常好。

　　A year later, the Big Mac was on the menu at McDonald’s restaurants all over the United States.

　　一年后，巨无霸就登上了美国所有麦当劳店的菜单。

　　By 1969, it accounted for 19 percent of the company’s total sales.

　　至1969年，它已经占到公司整体销售额的19%。

　　Today, the company sells about 550 million Big Macs annually⁵ in the United States alone, and millions more in 100 countries around the world.

　　现在，这家公司每年单单在美国就能卖出5.5亿个巨无霸，在世界其他100多个国家还能卖出成百上千万个。

　　Jim Delligatti, the McDonald’s franchise⁶ owner who invented the Big Mac, died on Monday at his home in Fox Chapel⁷, Pa.

　　本周一，发明巨无霸汉堡的麦当劳特许经销商吉姆?德利加蒂(Jim Delligatti)在位于宾夕法尼亚州福克斯查珀尔(Fox Chapel)的家中逝世。

　　He was 98.

　　享年98岁。

　　The death was confirmed by his son Michael.

　　这个消息得到了他的儿子迈克尔(Michael)的确认。

　　Mr Delligatti, who opened the first McDonald’s in western Pennsylvania in 1957, owned about a dozen franchises⁸ in the Pittsburgh area

　　德利加蒂于1957年开了西宾夕法尼亚州的第一家麦当劳店。

　　By the mid-1960s, but he struggled to compete with the Big Boy and Burger King chains.

　　至60年代中期，他在匹兹堡地区已经拥有了十来家特许经销店，不过与大男孩(Big Boy)和汉堡王(Burger King)的竞争很激烈。

　　He proposed to company executives that they add a double-patty hamburger to the McDonald’s menu, something along the lines of the Big Boy, that could put a dent⁹ in sales of Burger King’s Whopper.

　　他向公司高管提议学习大男孩餐厅的做法，在麦当劳的菜单上增加一种双层肉饼汉堡，抢夺汉堡王推出的皇堡(Whopper)的市场份额。

　　He met with resistance.

　　他遇到了阻力。

　　Top executives worried that any addition to the limited McDonald’s menu would gum up the works, and that a higher-priced burger — the basic McDonald’s hamburger cost just 18 cents — would alienate¹⁰ customers.

　　高层领导担心在有限的麦当劳菜单上增加新品会把事情搞砸，也担心定价更高的汉堡——麦当劳基础汉堡的价格当时只要18美分——会吓跑顾客。

　　After lobbying by Ralph Lanphar, a regional manager in Columbus, Ohio, headquarters gave Mr Delligatti permission to test the Big Mac in Uniontown, using only McDonald’s ingredients.

　　经过俄亥俄州哥伦布市区域经理拉尔夫?兰帕尔(Ralph Lanphar)的游说，麦当劳总部批准德利加蒂在尤宁敦试售巨无霸汉堡，不过只能使用麦当劳自己的现有原料。

　　Two patties, etc., did not fit on a standard McDonald’s bun, so Mr Delligatti went rogue¹¹, ordering a large sesame-seeded bun from a local baker¹².

　　但两块肉饼与麦当劳常规的圆面包无法匹配，所以德利加蒂使了点手段，向当地的一个面包师傅那里订购了尺寸更大的芝麻圆面包。

　　He split it in three and assembled the Big Mac as the world knows it today, with a special sauce of his own devising.

　　他把汉堡分为三层，用各种原料做成今天世人所知的巨无霸汉堡，其中添加了他独家调制的酱料。

　　It was introduced on April 22, 1967, with newspaper ads describing it as made with two freshly ground patties, tangy melted cheese, crisp lettuce, pickle³ and our own Special Sauce.

　　这款汉堡在1967年4月22日上市，报纸上刊登的广告将它描述为用新鲜的肉饼、味道浓郁的融化奶酪、脆嫩的生菜、泡菜和我们自己特制的酱料制成。

　　It wasn’t like discovering the light bulb, Mr Delligatti told John F.

　　这不像是发明电灯，德利加蒂对1986年出版的《麦当劳：拱门之下》(McDonald’s: Behind the Arches)一书的作者约翰?F?洛夫(John F.

　　Love, the author of McDonald’s: Behind the Arches (1986).

　　Love)讲道。

　　The bulb was already there.

　　灯泡已经有了。

　　All I did was screw it in the socket¹³.

　　我所做的只是把它插到插口里。

　　Michael James Delligatti was born on Aug. 2, 1918, in Uniontown.

　　迈克尔?詹姆士?德利加蒂(Michael James Delligatti)1918年8月2日出生在尤宁敦。

　　His father, James, held a variety of jobs, from farrier to candy maker¹⁴, and the family moved often.

　　他的父亲詹姆士做过包括蹄铁工和糖果制造在内的各种工作，家里经常搬家。

　　His mother, the former Lucille Dandrea, was a homemaker.

　　他的母亲露西尔?丹德烈亚(Lucille Dandrea)是家庭主妇。

　　After graduating from Fairmont High School in West Virginia, Mr Delligatti held a variety of jobs before entering the Army in 1942.

　　从西弗吉尼亚的费尔蒙特高中(Fairmont High School)毕业后，德利加蒂做过各种工作，然后在1942年参军。

　　He served in Europe with the 26th Infantry¹⁵ Division, known as the Yankee Division.

　　他随第26步兵师——也被称为洋基师——在欧洲服役。

　　He worked a succession of odd jobs on returning home before hitchhiking to Southern California,

　　回乡之后，他做过一系列零工，然后搭便车去了南加州。

　　where he worked at several drive-in restaurants and managed a Big Boy, whose feature hamburger with special sauce made an impression.

　　在那里，他在好几家免下车餐馆工作过，还管理过一家大男孩餐厅，后者有特制酱料的特色汉堡给他留下了深刻的印象。

　　In 2012, a corporate¹⁶ chef for McDonald’s demonstrated, in a video, how to make the Big Mac Special Sauce, using mayonnaise, sweet pickle relish¹⁷, yellow mustard, white wine vinegar, garlic powder, onion powder and paprika.

　　2012年，麦当劳的厨师在一段视频中展示了如何制作巨无霸汉堡的特制酱料，他使用了蛋黄酱、酸黄瓜酱、黄芥末、白葡萄酒醋、大蒜粉、洋葱粉和红辣椒粉。

　　In 1953, Mr Delligatti and a friend, John Sweeney, combined their last names and opened a drive-in restaurant in Pittsburgh, Delney’s.

　　1953年，德利加蒂和朋友约翰?斯威尼(John Sweeney)一起在匹兹堡开了一家免下车餐厅德尔尼家(Delney’s)，这个名字融合了两位合伙人的姓。

　　While attending a restaurant trade show in Chicago in 1955, Mr Delligatti became interested in the McDonald’s booth.

　　1955年在芝加哥参加一场餐饮行业展时，德利加蒂对麦当劳的展位产生了兴趣。

　　He then visited a new McDonald’s in Illinois.

　　接着，他拜访了麦当劳在伊利诺伊州的一家新店。

　　He became one of the company’s earliest franchisees¹⁸, opening a McDonald’s in Pittsburgh in 1957.

　　他成了麦当劳最早的特许经销商之一，于1957年在匹兹堡开了一家麦当劳店。

　　He went on to open 47 more over the next 25 years.

　　在接下来的25年时间里，他又相继开出47家麦当劳店。

　　Along the way, he began serving a hot breakfast to local steelworkers coming off the night shift.

　　在这个过程中，他开始给当地下晚班的炼钢工人提供一种热乎的早餐。

　　As with the Big Mac, the Hotcakes and Sausage Meal became part of the national McDonald’s menu.

　　就像巨无霸汉堡一样，猪柳热香饼套餐后来也上了全国各个麦当劳餐厅的菜单。

　　The Big Mac remains¹⁹ his legacy²⁰, celebrated²¹ in song and story.

　　巨无霸汉堡依然是他的遗产，在歌曲和故事里被颂扬。

　　In 1986, The Economist²² introduced its Big Mac Index, which shows whether a currency is overvalued or undervalued based on the cost of a Big Mac in one country relative to the cost in another.

　　1986年，《经济学家》(The Economist)曾推出巨无霸指数(Big Mac Index)，通过将巨无霸汉堡在一个国家的价格与另一个国家的相比，来判断一种货币的币值是被高估还是低估。

　　With backing from McDonald’s, Mr Delligatti opened the Big Mac Museum Restaurant in North Huntingdon, Pa., in 2007,with a 14-foot-tall Big Mac sculpture as its centerpiece.

　　在麦当劳的支持下，德利加蒂于2007年在宾夕法尼亚州的北亨廷登(North Huntingdon)开设了巨无霸博物馆餐厅(Big Mac Museum Restaurant)，它的中心装饰是一座14英尺（约4.3米）高的巨无霸汉堡雕塑。

　　In addition to his son Michael, Mr Delligatti is survived by his wife, the former Eleanor Carmody, known as Ellie; another son, James; five grandchildren; and eight great-grandchildren.

　　除了儿子迈克尔，德利加蒂身后还留下了妻子埃莉诺?卡莫迪(Eleanor Carmody)——大家叫她埃莉——另一个儿子詹姆士，以及5个孙（女）和8个重孙（女）。

　　Last week, McDonald’s began testing two new versions of the Big Mac in Texas and central Ohio: a Mac Jr. and a supersize Grand Mac.

　　上周，麦当劳开始在德克萨斯州和俄亥俄州中部试售两个新版本的巨无霸汉堡：小巨无霸(Mac Jr. )和超大号的超巨无霸(Grand Mac)。

　　Big Mac, in other words, might become Middle Mac.

　　换句话说，巨无霸有可能会变成了中巨无霸(Middle Mac)。

　　But the sales remain huge, leading many to believe that Mr Delligatti, as its inventor, must have reaped a windfall worth billions.

　　始终可观的销量让许多人觉得作为它的发明者，德利加蒂肯定获益颇丰。

　　Not so.

　　情况并非如此。

　　All I got was a plaque²³, he told The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette in 2007.

　　我得到的只有一个匾额，他在2007年对《匹兹堡邮报》(The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette)说。

1 jingle   

n.叮当声，韵律简单的诗句；v.使叮当作响，叮当响，押韵

参考例句：

• The key fell on the ground with a jingle.钥匙叮当落地。
• The knives and forks set up their regular jingle.刀叉发出常有的叮当声。

2 lettuce   

n.莴苣；生菜

参考例句：

• Get some lettuce and tomatoes so I can make a salad.买些莴苣和西红柿，我好做色拉。
• The lettuce is crisp and cold.莴苣松脆爽口。

3 pickle   

n.腌汁，泡菜；v.腌，泡

参考例句：

• Mother used to pickle onions.妈妈过去常腌制洋葱。
• Meat can be preserved in pickle.肉可以保存在卤水里。

4 pickles   

n.腌菜( pickle的名词复数 )；处于困境；遇到麻烦；菜酱

参考例句：

• Most people eat pickles at breakfast. 大多数人早餐吃腌菜。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I want their pickles and wines, and that.' 我要他们的泡菜、美酒和所有其他东西。” 来自英汉文学 - 金银岛

5 annually   

adv.一年一次，每年

参考例句：

• Many migratory birds visit this lake annually.许多候鸟每年到这个湖上作短期逗留。
• They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。

6 franchise   

n.特许，特权，专营权，特许权

参考例句：

• Catering in the schools is run on a franchise basis.学校餐饮服务以特许权经营。
• The United States granted the franchise to women in 1920.美国于1920年给妇女以参政权。

7 chapel   

n.小教堂，殡仪馆

参考例句：

• The nimble hero,skipped into a chapel that stood near.敏捷的英雄跳进近旁的一座小教堂里。
• She was on the peak that Sunday afternoon when she played in chapel.那个星期天的下午，她在小教堂的演出，可以说是登峰造极。

8 franchises   

n.（尤指选举议员的）选举权( franchise的名词复数 )；参政权；获特许权的商业机构（或服务）；（公司授予的）特许经销权v.给…以特许权，出售特许权( franchise的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• TV franchises will be auctioned to the highest bidder. 电视特许经营权将拍卖给出价最高的投标人。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Ford dealerships operated as independent franchises. 福特汽车公司的代销商都是独立的联营商。 来自辞典例句

9 dent   

n.凹痕，凹坑；初步进展

参考例句：

• I don't know how it came about but I've got a dent in the rear of my car.我不知道是怎么回事，但我的汽车后部有了一个凹痕。
• That dent is not big enough to be worth hammering out.那个凹陷不大，用不着把它锤平。

10 alienate   

vt.使疏远，离间；转让(财产等)

参考例句：

• His attempts to alienate the two friends failed because they had complete faith.他离间那两个朋友的企图失败了，因为他们彼此完全信任。
• We'd better not alienate ourselves from the colleagues.我们最好还是不要与同事们疏远。

11 rogue   

n.流氓；v.游手好闲

参考例句：

• The little rogue had his grandpa's glasses on.这淘气鬼带上了他祖父的眼镜。
• They defined him as a rogue.他们确定他为骗子。

12 baker   

n.面包师

参考例句：

• The baker bakes his bread in the bakery.面包师在面包房内烤面包。
• The baker frosted the cake with a mixture of sugar and whites of eggs.面包师在蛋糕上撒了一层白糖和蛋清的混合料。

13 socket   

n.窝，穴，孔，插座，插口

参考例句：

• He put the electric plug into the socket.他把电插头插入插座。
• The battery charger plugs into any mains socket.这个电池充电器可以插入任何类型的电源插座。

14 maker   

n.制造者，制造商

参考例句：

• He is a trouble maker，You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼，你不要跟他在一起。
• A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。

15 infantry   

n.[总称]步兵(部队)

参考例句：

• The infantry were equipped with flame throwers.步兵都装备有喷火器。
• We have less infantry than the enemy.我们的步兵比敌人少。

16 corporate   

adj.共同的，全体的；公司的，企业的

参考例句：

• This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
• His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。

17 relish   

n.滋味，享受，爱好，调味品；vt.加调味料，享受，品味；vi.有滋味

参考例句：

• I have no relish for pop music.我对流行音乐不感兴趣。
• I relish the challenge of doing jobs that others turn down.我喜欢挑战别人拒绝做的工作。

18 franchisees   

n.特许经营人( franchisee的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Works on these franchisees' facilities were moving ahead rapidly. 这些专营设施的工程正迅速推展。 来自互联网
• Another good source of information about a franchise is other franchisees. 另一个了解特许经营的可靠信息源是其他经营者。 来自互联网

19 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

20 legacy   

n.遗产，遗赠；先人(或过去)留下的东西

参考例句：

• They are the most precious cultural legacy our forefathers left.它们是我们祖先留下来的最宝贵的文化遗产。
• He thinks the legacy is a gift from the Gods.他认为这笔遗产是天赐之物。

21 celebrated   

adj.有名的，声誉卓著的

参考例句：

• He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
• The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。

22 economist   

n.经济学家，经济专家，节俭的人

参考例句：

• He cast a professional economist's eyes on the problem.他以经济学行家的眼光审视这个问题。
• He's an economist who thinks he knows all the answers.他是个经济学家，自以为什么都懂。

23 plaque   

n.饰板，匾，(医)血小板

参考例句：

• There is a commemorative plaque to the artist in the village hall.村公所里有一块纪念该艺术家的牌匾。
• Some Latin words were engraved on the plaque. 牌匾上刻着些拉丁文。