英语四级名词词组和固定搭配

英语四级名词词组和固定搭配

 1、介词+名词 

by accident 偶然 

on account of 因为，由于 

in addition 另外 

in addition to 除......之外 

in the air 在流行中，在传播中 

on (the/an) average 平均，一般来说 

on the basis of 根据，在......的基础上 

at (the) best 充其量，至多 

for the better 好转，改善 

on board 在船（车、飞机）上 

out of breath 喘不过气来 

on business 因公，因事 

in any case 无论如何，总之 

in case of 假使，万一 

in case 假使，以防（万一）免得 

in no case 决不 

by chance 偶然，碰巧 

in charge (of) 负责，主管 

(a) round the clock 昼夜不集地 

in common 共用，共有，共同 

in conclusion 最后，总之 

on cond0ition that 在......条件下 

in confidence 信任 

in connection with/to 关于 

in consequence 因此，结果 

in consequence of 由于......的缘故 

on the contrary 反之，正相反 

in contrast with/to 与......成对照 

out of control 失去控制 

under control 被控制住 

at all costs 不惜任何代价 

at the cost of 以......为代价 

in the course of 在...过程中，在...期间 

of course 当然，自然 

in danger 在危险中，垂危 

out of danger 脱离危险 

out of date 过期（时）的 

up to date 时新的 

in debt 欠债 

in debt 欠债 

in detail 详细地 

in difficulties 处境困难 

in the distance 在远处 

off duty 下班 

on duty 值班，上班 

on earth 究竟，到底 

at all events 无论如何 

in any event 有效；实际上 

in the event of 万一，如果发生 

for example 例如 

with the exception¹ of ......之外 

in the face of 面对，不顾，即使 

in fact 其实，实际上 

on fire 烧着 

on foot 步行 

in force 有效；实施中 

in favo(u)r of 有利于，赞成，支持 

in front of 在......面前 

in (the) future 今后，将来 

on guard 警惕，防范 

in general 通常，大体上 

in half 成两半 

in half 成两半 

at hand 在手边，在附近 

from tip to toe 彻着彻尾，完全 

by hand 用手 

hand down to 往下传，传给（后代） 

hand in hand 手拉手，携手 

in hand 在掌握中，在控制中 

on hand 在手边，临近 

on (the) one hand ... 一方面......， 

on the other hand ... 另一方面......， 

at heart 在内心；实质上 

by heart 牢记，凭记忆 

at home 在家，在国内；自在，自如 

in honour of 以纪念，向......表示敬意 

on one's honour 以名誉担保 

in a hurry 匆忙地，立即 

for instance² 例如，举例说 

at intervals³ 不时，时时 

at last 最终，终于 

at least 至少，最低限度 

in the least 一点，丝毫 

at length 终于，最后；详细地 

in the light of 按照，根据 

in line 成一直线，排成一行 

in line with 与......一致，按照 

at a loss 困惑，不知所措 

as a matter of fact 其实，事实上 

by all means 无论如何，必定 

by means of 借助于，用 

by no means 决不 

in memory of 纪念 

at the mercy of 在......支配下 

by mistake 错误地 

at the moment 现在，此刻 

for a moment 片刻，一会儿 

for the moment 现在，暂时 

in a moment 立刻，马上 

in nature 本质上 

on occasion⁴ 有时，不时 

in order 秩序井然，整齐 

in order to 以便，为了 

in order that 以便 

out of order 发生故障，失调 

on one's own 独自地，独立地 

in particular 特别地，尤其，详细地 

in the past 在过去，以往 

in person 亲自 

in place 在适当的位置 

in place of 代替 

in the first place 起初，首先 

in the last place 最后 

out of place 不得其所的，不适当的 

on the point 即将......的时候 

to the point 切中要害，切题 

in practice 在实际中，实际上 

out of practice 久不练习，荒疏 

at present 目前，现在 

for the present 目前，暂时 

in proportion⁵ to （与......）成比例的 

in public 公开地，当众 

for (the) purpose of 为了 

on purpose 故意，有意 

with the purpose of 为了 

in question 正在考虑 

at random⁶ 随意地，任意地 

at any rate 无论如何，至少 

by reason of 由于 

as regards 关于，至于 

with/in regard to 对于，就......而论 

in/with relation to 关系到 

with respect to 关于 

as a result 结果，因此 

as a result of 由于......结果 

in return 作为报答，作为回报 

on the road 在旅途中 

as a rule 规章，规则；通常，照例 

in the long run 最终，从长远观点看 

for the sake⁷ of 为了......起见 

on sale 出售；贱卖 

on a large scale 大规模地 

on a small scale 小规模地 

in secret 秘密地，私下地 

in sense 从某种意义上说 

in shape 处于良好状态 

on the side 作为兼职，额外 

at first sight 乍一看，初看起来 

in sight 被看到，在望 

out of sight 看不见，在视野之外 

in spite⁸ of 不管，不顾；尽管，虽然 

on the spot 当场，在现场 

in step 同步，合拍 

out of step 步调不一致，不协调 

in stock⁹ 现有，备有 

in sum 总而言之 

in tears 流着泪，含泪，哭 

in terms of 依据，按照；用...措词 for one thing 首先，一则 

on the second thoughts 经重新考虑，一转念 

at a time 每次，一次 

at no time 从不，决不 

at one time 同时，曾经，从前曾 

at the same time 但是，然而 

at times 有时 

for the time being 目前，暂时 

from time to time 有时，不时 

in no time 立即，马上 

in time 及时，适时地 

on time 准时 

on top of 在......之上 

out of touch 失去联系 

in truth 事实上，实际上，的确 

on try 试穿 

on try 试穿 

by turns 轮流，交替 

in turn 依次，轮流 

in vain 徒劳，无效 

a variety of 种种，各种 

by virtue¹⁰ of 由于 

by the way 顺便提一下， 另外 

by way of 经由， 通过......方式 

in a way 在某点， 在某种程度上 

in no way 决不 

in the way of 妨碍 

in one's/the way 妨碍， 阻碍 

after a while 过了一会，不久 

for a while 暂时，一时 

on the whole 总的来说 

in a word 一句话 

in other words 另...... 

at work 上班 

out of work 失业，下岗 

in the world 

2、动词+名词 

have/gain access to 可以获得 

take...... into account 考虑 

have/gain an advantage over 胜过，优于 

pave¹¹ the way for 为......铺平道路 

take advantage of 利用，趁......之机 

pay attention to 注意 

do/try one's best 尽力，努力 

get the best of 胜过 

make the best of 充分利用，妥善处理 

get the better of 打败，智胜 

catch one's breath 屏息，歇口气 

take care 小心，当心 

take care of 照顾，照料 

take a chance 冒险一试 

take charge of 担任，负责 

keep company with 与......交往，与......联系 

take delight in 以......为乐 

with delight 欣然，乐意地 

make a /the difference 有影响，很重要 

carry/bring into effect 使生效，使起作用 

put into effect 实行，生效 

come/go into effect 生效，实施 

take effect 生效，起作用 

catch one's eye 引人注目 

keep an eye on 留意，照看 

make a face 做鬼脸 

find fault 埋怨，挑剔 

catch fire 着火 

come/go into force 生效，实施 

make friends 交朋友，友好相处 

be friends with 对......友好，与......交上朋友 

make fun of 取笑，嘲弄 

keep one's head 保持镇静 

lose one's head 不知所措 

lose heart 丧失勇气，失去信心 

get/learn by heart 记住，背诵 

get hold of 抓住，掌握 

keep house 管理家务，做家务 

throw/cast light on 使明白，阐明 

bear/keep in mind 记住 

have in mind 记住，考虑到，想到 

make up one's mind 下决心 

come/go into operation 使投入生产，使运转 

put in order 整理，检修 

keep/hold pace with 跟上，与......同步 

play a part 起作用 

take place 发生，进行 

take the place of 代替 

come to the point 说到要点，扼要地说 

bring/carry into practice 实施，实行 

make progress 进步，进展 

give rise to 引起，使发生 

make sense 讲得通，有意义 

catch the sight of 发现，突然看见 

(go) on the stage 当演员 

take one's time 不急不忙,从容进行 

keep in touch 保持联系 

keep track 通晓事态，注意动向 

lose track 失去联系 

make use of 利用 

put to use 使用，利用 

give way 让路，让步 

lead the way 带路，引路 

make one's way 前进，进行 

make way 让路，开路 

keep one's word 遵守诺言 

action on 作用 

appeal to 呼吁，要求 

attempt at 企图，努力 

attitude to / towards 态度，看法 

a great/ good deal of 大量（的），许多（的） 

influence on 影响 

interference¹² in 干涉 

interference with 妨碍，打扰 

introduction to 介绍 

a lot (of) 许多（的），大量（的） 

lots of 大量，很多 

fall in love with 相爱，爱上 

a matter of （关于......）的问题 

a number of 若干，许多 

reply to 回答，答复 

a series of 一系列，一连串 

3、名词词组的其他形式 

trolley¹³ bus 电车 

I.D. card 身份证 

credit¹⁴ card 信用卡 

no doubt 无疑，必定 

next door 隔壁 

out of doors 在户外 

face to face 面对面地 

as matter of fact 实际情况，真相 

a few 有些，几个 

quite a few 还不少，有相当数目的 

a little 一点，稍，一些，少许 

little by little 逐渐的 

quite a little 相当多，不少 

no matter 无论 

the moment (that) 一......就 

no more 不再 

fair play 公平竞赛，公平对待 

in demand 有需要，销路好 

rest room 厕所，盥洗室 

primary school 小学 

side by side 肩并肩，一个挨一个 

heart and soul 全心全意 

step by step 逐步 

ahead of time 提前 

all the time 一直，始终 

once upon a time 从前 

once in a while 偶尔，有时 

no wonder 难怪，怪不得 

word for word 逐字地 

decline with thanks 婉言谢绝

1 exception   

n.例外,除外

参考例句：

• Everyone should keep discipline and you are no exception. 每个人都应该遵守纪律,你也毫无例外。
• There's an exception to every rule. 每项规则均有例外。

2 instance   

n.例，例证，实例

参考例句：

• Can you quote me a recent instance?你能给我举一个最近的例子吗？
• He's a greedy boy,yesterday,for instance,he ate all our biscuits!他是个贪吃的孩子――比如，他昨天把我们的饼干都吃了！

3 intervals   

n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 )；间隔时间；[数学]区间；（戏剧、电影或音乐会的）幕间休息

参考例句：

• The forecast said there would be sunny intervals and showers. 预报间晴，有阵雨。
• Meetings take place at fortnightly intervals. 每两周开一次会。

4 occasion   

n.场合，时机，机会，诱因，理由；vt.惹起，引起

参考例句：

• Her dress was too showy for such a formal occasion.在如此正式的场合，她的服装过分华丽了。
• Her tears were fought back on such an occasion.在这种场合下她忍住了眼泪。

5 proportion   

n.比率，比例；大小

参考例句：

• His head is out of proportion to the size of his body.他的头部与身体大小不成比例。
• The proportion of imports to exports is worrying the government.进口与出口的比例令政府担忧。

6 random   

adj.随机的；任意的；n.偶然的(或随便的)行动

参考例句：

• The list is arranged in a random order.名单排列不分先后。
• On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查，发现肉变质了。

7 sake   

n.缘故，理由

参考例句：

• He loves poetry for beauty's sake.他因为爱美而喜欢诗歌。
• We can't risk big things for the sake of small ones.我们不能因小失大。

8 spite   

n.（用于短语）虽然，不顾，尽管

参考例句：

• He has modern ideas in spite of his great age.尽管他年事很高，但思想观念却很入时。
• In spite of his anger,his remarks were restrained.他尽管生气，说的话还是有节制的。

9 stock   

n.存货，储备；树干；血统；股份；家畜；adj.存货的；平凡的，惯用的；股票的；畜牧的；vt.进货，采购；储存；供给；vi.出新芽；进货

参考例句：

• The shop takes stock every week on Friday mornings.这家商店每星期五早晨盘点存货。
• Experts have forecast an upturn in the stock market.专家已预测股票市场价格有上升趋势。

10 virtue   

n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力

参考例句：

• He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。
• You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。

11 pave   

vt.给（道路路面）铺上石板或砖

参考例句：

• The town council decided to pave the square before the Hall.市议会决定把市政厅前的广场铺上石板。
• I believe this treaty will pave the way to peace in Europe.我相信这个条约将为欧洲的和平铺平道路。

12 interference   

n.干涉，介入；阻碍，干扰

参考例句：

• I couldn't hear the program because there was too much interference.因干扰太大，我听不清节目。
• We oppose interference by any outside force.我们反对任何外来势力插手干预。

13 trolley   

n.手推车，台车；无轨电车；有轨电车

参考例句：

• The waiter had brought the sweet trolley.侍者已经推来了甜食推车。
• In a library,books are moved on a trolley.在图书馆，书籍是放在台车上搬动的。

14 credit   

n.信用，荣誉，贷款，学分；v.归功于，赞颂，信任

参考例句：

• I credit him with a certain amount of sense.我认为他有一定的见识。
• He got the credit,and we did the dirty work.他得荣誉，我们做不讨好的工作。