英语四级同形异义词辨析06

 英语四级同形异义词辨析06

1. The work was almost complete when we received orders to no further with it. (2003.06)    

A) progress B) proceed C) march D) promote    

2. It was the first time that such a had to be taken at a British nuclear power station. (2004.06)    

A) presentation B) precaution     

C) preparation D) prediction    

3. Many a player who had been highly thought of has from the tennis scene. (2003.12)    

A) disposed B) disappeared    

C) discouraged D) discarded    

4. They were admission to the military exhibition because they were foreigners. (2003.09)    

A) denied B) declined C) deprived D) rejected    

5. The twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural . (2002.01)    

A) transmission B) transformation¹    

C) tradition D) transportation    

解题小贴士    

1. 【B】    

前缀pro-=for, before, forth², forward，有“向前，事先”之意。-gress词根意为“走”，pro (forward) +gress (to walk) =进步，前进，pro (forward) +mote (to move) =升迁；支援；促进（向前移动），pro (forward) + ceed (to go) = 继续进行；开始（往前），所以正确答案为B，题目译文为“当我们收到不必继续进行时，该工作即告结束。”    

2. 【B】    

前缀pre =before, pre (before) + sent（being存在）= 现在的（在眼前），precaution 预防（事前的准备），pre (before) + pare (to get ready) = 准备，dict=to say, prediction意为“事先说，预测”。所以此题选B，题目译文为“那是第一次要在英国核能源站不得不采取这种预防措施。”    

3. 【B】    

前缀dis-=apart, away, dis- (apart) + pose (to place) = 陈列，排列，处置（个别放置），dis- (to deprive of) + courage = 使气馁，使沮丧（剥夺勇气）；discard，掷出无用的纸牌，抛弃，丢掉之意。B)为正确选项，题目译文为“许多呼声甚高的球员在网球场上没出现。”    

4. 【A】    

de-=down, downward；deny意为“否认，拒绝”，deny sth to sb; de-+prive (private) = 剥夺，使丧失，常考搭配：deprive of; de-+cline (to bend) = 下降，下垂；reject意为“拒绝，抵制，否决”。正确答案为A，题目译文为“因为他们是外国人，所以他们不允许进入军事展览。”    

5. 【B】    

trans=beyond, across, over; transmission，传输，传达；transformation，变形，变质；trans- (across) +port (to carry) +tion（名词后缀）=输送，运送。所以正确答案为B，题目译文为“20世纪见证了一次全球性的政治、经济、文化的变革。”    

汉语中有偏旁，英文单词也有，也就是我们所熟悉的前缀。英语中共有前缀113个，而最常用或者说是在四级中的就很少了。这2天向大家介绍在四级中常考的一些前缀及引申出来的单词。解释中也有词根的介绍，希望大家能用这种说文解字的方法记单词。    

1. pro-=for, before, forth, forward    

proceed vi. 进行，继续下去【pro-+ceed (to go) = 往前】    

produce vt. 提出，出示，生产，制造【pro-+duce (to lead) =向前引出】    

profess³ v. 表示【pro-+fess (to acknowledge)=公开承认】    

progress vi. 前进，进步，进行【pro-+gress (to walk) =向前进】    

project ① n. 计划，方案 ② v. 设计，计划【pro-+ject (to throw) =向前投掷】    

propose vt. 计划，建议【pro-+pose (to put) = 置于前方】    

2. pre- =before    

precaution n. 预防，警惕，防范【pre-+caution (小心) =事前的准备】    

precede v. 领先（于），在……之前，先于【pre-+cede (to go) =走在前头】    

predict v. 预知，预言，预报【pre-+dict (to say) =事先说】    

prefer vt. 更喜欢，宁愿【pre-+fer (to carry) =搬到前面】    

pretend vt. 假装，装扮【pre-+tend (to stretch, to spread) =展开于面前的】    

present a. 现在的，出席的【pre-+sent (being) =在眼前】    

3. per-=through, thoroughly⁴, away    

perceive vt. 察觉【per-+ceive (to take) =通过感觉去接受】    

perfect a. 完美的，全然的【per-+fect (to make) =做得很好】    

perform vt. 履行，执行，表演，演出【per-+form (to provide, to furnish)=完全供给】    

permeate⁵ vt. 弥漫，渗透，透过，充满    

perfume n. 香味，芳香，香水【per-+fume (to smoke) =像烟一样地飘】    

4. trans-=beyone, across, over    

transaction n. 交易，事务【trans-+action (drive) =不断推进事物】    

transfer vt. 转移，调转，调任【trans-+fer (to carry) =越过……搬运】    

transit⁶ vt. 横越，通过，经过【trans-+it (to go) =走到对岸】    

translate vt. 翻译，解释，转化【trans-+late (to carry) =被搬到外面去】    

transcend⁷ vt. 超越，胜过【trans-+scend (to climb) =超越……攀登】    

5. dis-= apart, away    

disadvantage n. 不利，不利条件    

discard vt. 丢弃，抛弃【dis-+card (paper) =掷出无用的纸牌】    

discern v. 目睹，认识，洞悉【dis-+cern (to separate) =一个一个分开】    

disapprove⁸ v. 不赞成    

discourage vt. 使气馁，阻碍【dis-+courage =剥夺勇气】    

display vt. 陈列，展览，显示【dis-+play (to fold) =将重叠的东西伸展开来使能看到】    

6. de-=apart, from    

defer⁹ vi. 推迟，延期【de-+fer (to carry) =回到离开的地方】    

defrost vt. 除霜，使（冰的食物）融化【de-+frost（霜）=分开霜】    

detach vt. 分开，分离【de-+tach（to stake拴）=拴的相反】    

奥运会闭幕式落下帷幕，运动员与希腊人民齐欢乐。    

Fireworks and spectacular lighting¹⁰ kicked off the closing ceremony Sunday night, an extravaganza（铺张华丽的表演）of folk dancing and music in the Olympic tradition that summed up the glee（欢乐，高兴）and relief the games brought to Greece. Shortly afterward¹¹, thousands of athletes marched into the stadium, waving their arms and flags, snapping photos of each other and bathing in the cheers of 70,000 fans.    

1. sum: n. 总数，总和 paid an enormous sum支付了一大笔款项    

【单词变形】sum（n. 总数，总和）summary（n. 摘要，概要）summarize（v. 概述，总结）    

2. march: n. & v. 行军，前进 Science is on the march. 科学正在发展中。    

3. snap: v. 拍照；猛地吸住，突然折断 The rope snapped. 绳子突然断了。    

1. Many people lost their jobs during the business . (2003.06)    

A) desperation B) decrease     

C) despair D) depression    

2. He to study harder in the future so that he could have more opportunities to find a better job.    

A) resolved B) resorted C) requested D) reserved    

3. He gave us a good of his experience.    

A) demonstration¹² B) frequency     

C) description D) instruction    

4. As a teacher, you should not the students from asking questions in class.    

A) ruin B) restrain C) import D) impose    

5. The rest of the day was entirely¹³ at his for reading or recreation.    

A) dismissal B) survival C) disposal D) arrival     

6. In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play roles in raising children. (2002.01)    

A) insensible B) indispensable    

C) incapable¹⁴ D) infinite    

7. I hate people who the end of a film that you haven’t seen before. (1997.06)    

A) reveal B) revise C) rewrite D) reverse    

8. As a commander, you should not the soldiers to unnecessary danger.    

A) express B) explode C) exploit D) expose    

9. The local government has begun a in this city to cut down the traffic accidents.    

A) protest B) punishment C) protection D) project    

10. What she achieved in her research might what she had been expecting.    

A) exceed B) exclaim C) excess D) extend    

What goes up when the rain comes down? 

1 transformation   

n.变化；改造；转变

参考例句：

• Going to college brought about a dramatic transformation in her outlook.上大学使她的观念发生了巨大的变化。
• He was struggling to make the transformation from single man to responsible husband.他正在努力使自己由单身汉变为可靠的丈夫。

2 forth   

adv.向前；向外，往外

参考例句：

• The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
• He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。

3 profess   

v.声称，冒称，以...为业，正式接受入教，表明信仰

参考例句：

• I profess that I was surprised at the news.我承认这消息使我惊讶。
• What religion does he profess?他信仰哪种宗教？

4 thoroughly   

adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地

参考例句：

• The soil must be thoroughly turned over before planting.一定要先把土地深翻一遍再下种。
• The soldiers have been thoroughly instructed in the care of their weapons.士兵们都系统地接受过保护武器的训练。

5 permeate   

v.弥漫，遍布，散布；渗入，渗透

参考例句：

• Water will easily permeate a cotton dress.水很容易渗透棉布衣服。
• After a while it begins to permeate through your skin.过了一会，它会开始渗入你的皮肤。

6 transit   

n.经过，运输；vt.穿越，旋转；vi.越过

参考例句：

• His luggage was lost in transit.他的行李在运送中丢失。
• The canal can transit a total of 50 ships daily.这条运河每天能通过50条船。

7 transcend   

vt.超出，超越(理性等)的范围

参考例句：

• We can't transcend the limitations of the ego.我们无法超越自我的局限性。
• Everyone knows that the speed of airplanes transcend that of ships.人人都知道飞机的速度快于轮船的速度。

8 disapprove   

v.不赞成，不同意，不批准

参考例句：

• I quite disapprove of his behaviour.我很不赞同他的行为。
• She wants to train for the theatre but her parents disapprove.她想训练自己做戏剧演员，但她的父母不赞成。

9 defer   

vt.推迟，拖延；vi.(to)遵从，听从，服从

参考例句：

• We wish to defer our decision until next week.我们希望推迟到下星期再作出决定。
• We will defer to whatever the committee decides.我们遵从委员会作出的任何决定。

10 lighting   

n.照明，光线的明暗，舞台灯光

参考例句：

• The gas lamp gradually lost ground to electric lighting.煤气灯逐渐为电灯所代替。
• The lighting in that restaurant is soft and romantic.那个餐馆照明柔和而且浪漫。

11 afterward   

adv.后来；以后

参考例句：

• Let's go to the theatre first and eat afterward. 让我们先去看戏，然后吃饭。
• Afterward,the boy became a very famous artist.后来，这男孩成为一个很有名的艺术家。

12 demonstration   

n.表明，示范，论证，示威

参考例句：

• His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
• He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。

13 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

14 incapable   

adj.无能力的，不能做某事的

参考例句：

• He would be incapable of committing such a cruel deed.他不会做出这么残忍的事。
• Computers are incapable of creative thought.计算机不会创造性地思维。