公司发展规模扩大 员工患病危险增加

       Company growth 'bad for health'
Working for a company that expands rapidly increases an employee's risk of long－term sickness，say researchers．
The Lancet study by experts from the Swedish National Institute for Psychosocial Medicine also found hospital admission rates increased．
The team found women working in the public sector¹ were worst affected²．
Experts suggest while expansion may be thought to be beneficial，growing firms may have too few qualified³ staff and feel generally unstable⁴．
Previous research looked at the negative health effects of downsizing，but the Swedish team believe theirs is the first to look at the opposite phenomenon．
They studied the employment records of 24，000 healthy workers aged⁵ under 65 in 1999．
They looked at long－term sick leave （of over 90 days）and hospital admission rates．
Significant company expansion，classed as an increase in the number of employees of 18% or more in a year，was found to be linked to an increased risk of long－term sickness absence and hospital admission．
Women in the public sector who were exposed to large expansion every year over the six years of the study had a two to three times higher risk of long－term sickness absence than those who were never exposed to large expansion．
Researchers suggest this could be because public sector jobs such as healthcare and education，commonly dominated by women，have been linked to increased demands and hazards．
Being exposed to moderate expansion （between 8 and 18% increase in staff in a year）resulted in a decreased risk of hospital admission．
研究人员提出，在快速发展的公司中工作，员工长期患病的风险增加。
瑞典国家心理医学研究院的专家们在《柳叶刀》杂志上发表的研究结果中也发现由于公司的快速发展，员工的住院率增加。
瑞典国家心理医学研究院的研究人员发现在公共部门工作的妇女受到的影响最大。
专家们指出，虽然公司的发展壮大也许是有益的，但快速发展的公司可能拥有合格员工的数量太少，而且普遍发展状况不稳定。
以前的研究已经注意到公司缩小发展规模给员工的身体健康带来的负面影响，但是瑞典国家心理医学研究院的研究人员认为他们的研究第一次着眼于恰恰相反的现象。
1999年，他们研究了24，000名年龄在65岁以下、身体健康的员工的工作记录。
他们关注的重点是超过90天的长时间病假和住院率。
如果公司一年中新增的员工数量达到或超过18%，那么公司处于高速发展时期。公司的迅速发展与员工长期患病缺勤和住院风险的上升有关。
经过6年多的研究，研究人员发现，在公共部门任职、每年经历部门大规模扩张的妇女长期患病缺勤的风险比从未经历过公司大规模扩张的妇女高两到三倍。
研究人员指出这种现象也许是因为医疗保健和教育等公共事业部门的职业要求和风险在日益增长，而女性在这些部门中占主导地位。
如果公司一年内员工人数的增长在8%到18%之间，这种适度发展会使员工住院的风险下降。
hospital admission：住院
downsizing：减少规模
hazard：危险

1 sector   

n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形

参考例句：

• The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
• The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。

2 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

3 qualified   

adj.合格的，有资格的，胜任的，有限制的

参考例句：

• He is qualified as a complete man of letters.他有资格当真正的文学家。
• We must note that we still lack qualified specialists.我们必须看到我们还缺乏有资质的专家。

4 unstable   

adj.不稳定的，易变的

参考例句：

• This bookcase is too unstable to hold so many books.这书橱很不结实，装不了这么多书。
• The patient's condition was unstable.那患者的病情不稳定。

5 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。