张艺谋新片引“洗白”争议 主演马特•达蒙称未抢华裔角色

 　　好莱坞电影中不时有白人演员饰演非白人角色，被坊间批评为“洗白”，这种做法在早期电影及电视制作中十分常见。近日，张艺谋导演的首部英文电影《长城》即将上映，但该片主演美国演员马特?达蒙却身陷“洗白”风波，有人质疑达蒙“洗白”角色，抢走了亚洲演员的出演机会。但老谋子与达蒙均表示，这一角色一直被设定为欧洲人，电影并没有“洗白”。

　　Matt Damon criticised "outrageous¹" stories in the era of fake news as he responded on Tuesday to accusations² his role in the new China-Hollywood co-production The Great Wall should have gone to an Asian actor.

　　近日，马特?达蒙在中国与好莱坞联合制作的电影《长城》中饰演的角色被指本应由亚洲演员出演。达蒙6日作出回应，他斥责了虚假新闻时代的“离谱故事”。

　　洗白

　　Some critics have said Damon's casting as the lead character amounted to "whitewashing³," in which Caucasians are chosen for roles that should have gone to actors from other ethnicities.

　　一些批评者称，让达蒙担任主角是在“洗白”，意思就是选择白种人扮演本应属于其他种族演员的角色。

　　The American actor said he thought of whitewashing as applying to Caucasian actors who wore makeup⁴ to appear to be of another race, as was common in the early days of film and television, when racism⁵ was overt⁶.

　　达蒙表示，他理解的“洗白”是指白种人通过化妆假扮成其他族裔。这种做法常见于早年的电影电视中，因为当时种族主义十分普遍。

　　"That whole idea of whitewashing, I take that very seriously," Damon said in an interview, using the example of the Irish-American actor Chuck Connors, who played the lead character in the 1962 film Geronimo, about the famed Apache chief.

　　达蒙在接受采访时说，“我对洗白这个说法持谨慎态度。”他以爱尔兰裔美国演员查克?康纳斯为例做了解释。康纳斯在1962年的电影《杰罗尼》中担任主角，饰演著名的阿帕切族酋长杰罗尼。

　　Damon, 46, plays a British mercenary in the upcoming $150 million adventure fantasy about a Chinese army battling monsters, helmed by acclaimed⁷ director Zhang Yimou.

　　即将上映的电影《长城》是一部关于中国军队对抗凶兽的奇幻冒险片，该片由著名导演张艺谋执导，斥资1.5亿美元。46岁的达蒙在片中饰演一名英国雇佣兵。

　　The movie's trailer sparked criticism in the US that a white man had been chosen to play the lead, who saves the day, in a film set in China meant to showcase Chinese culture.

　　电影预告片在美国遭到了抨击，有人批评这部电影以中国为背景，旨在展示中国文化，却选择白人担任扭转乾坤的主角。

　　The furor⁸ came amid other accusations of a lack of diversity and opportunities for Asian actors in Hollywood.

　　好莱坞也被指不够多元化、不给亚洲演员机会。

　　Damon and Zhang said that because of the demands of the story, Damon's role was always intended to be European.

　　达蒙和张艺谋称，这个角色设定一直就是欧洲人，这是出于情节需要。

　　Damon said the controversy⁹ would subside¹⁰ "once people see that it's a monster movie and it's a historical fantasy and I didn't take a role away from a Chinese actor ... it wasn't altered because of me in any way."

　　达蒙说，“一旦人们发现这是一部关于魔兽的虚构历史故事，而我没有抢走中国演员的角色，这个角色也没有因我发生任何改变后”，这场争论就会平息。

　　The film is the first Sino-Hollywood co-production and first English-language film for Zhang, the director of the romantic Kung Fu drama House of Flying Daggers¹¹ and the opulent opening and closing ceremonies of the 2008 Beijing Olympics.

　　《长城》是中国和好莱坞联合制作的首部电影，也是张艺谋的第一部英文电影。张艺谋曾执导功夫爱情片《十面埋伏》和场面宏大的2008年北京奥运会开幕式及闭幕式。

　　It also stars Pedro Pascal of "Game of Thrones" as Damon's sword-wielding partner in crime, Willem Dafoe and Andy Lau. Jing Tian plays the woman lead warrior¹². Also appearing are Eddie Peng of the boxing drama Unbeatable and Lu Han, a former boy band sensation.

　　参演《权力的游戏》的佩德罗?帕斯卡在《长城》中饰演达蒙的战友，其他主演还包括威廉?达福和刘德华。景甜在电影中扮演一位女将领。拳击电影《激战》中的彭于晏和前流行男团成员鹿晗也在电影中亮相。

　　Most Chinese co-productions with the West have been box-office flops¹³, but producers hope The Great Wall can show that big-budget Sino-Hollywood co-productions can work.

　　大多数中西联合制作的电影票房都不尽人意，但是《长城》的制片人希望这部影片可以证明，中国和好莱坞合作的大制作电影能够取得成功。

　　Hollywood is eager to work with Chinese actors and producers to appeal to the Chinese cinema-going market, expected to outgrow¹⁴ the current No 1 market, North America, within the next two or three years. The Chinese government has long sought to project cultural influence abroad and hopes that The Great Wall will be an international blockbuster.

　　中国观影市场有望在两三年内超过北美成为第一大观影市场。好莱坞急于与中国演员和制片人合作来吸引中国市场。中国政府长期以来都在寻求在海外塑造文化影响力，并希望《长城》成为全球卖座的电影。

　　The film debuts¹⁵ in Chinese cinemas on December 16 followed by other countries, including the United States in February.

　　《长城》将于12月16日在国内影院首映，之后将在其他国家上映，其中美国的上映时间为明年2月。

　　Vocabulary

　　mercenary: 雇佣兵

1 outrageous   

adj.无理的，令人不能容忍的

参考例句：

• Her outrageous behaviour at the party offended everyone.她在聚会上的无礼行为触怒了每一个人。
• Charges for local telephone calls are particularly outrageous.本地电话资费贵得出奇。

2 accusations   

n.指责( accusation的名词复数 )；指控；控告；（被告发、控告的）罪名

参考例句：

• There were accusations of plagiarism. 曾有过关于剽窃的指控。
• He remained unruffled by their accusations. 对于他们的指控他处之泰然。

3 whitewashing   

粉饰，美化，掩饰( whitewash的现在分词 )； 喷浆

参考例句：

• Tom went on whitewashing the fence, paying no attention to Ben. 汤姆没有理睬本，继续在粉刷着篱笆。
• When whitewashing the wall, he painted with a roller in his hand. 刷墙的时候，他手里拿个辊子，挥舞着胳膊。

4 makeup   

n.组织；性格；化装品

参考例句：

• Those who failed the exam take a makeup exam.这次考试不及格的人必须参加补考。
• Do you think her beauty could makeup for her stupidity?你认为她的美丽能弥补她的愚蠢吗？

5 racism   

n.民族主义；种族歧视(意识)

参考例句：

• He said that racism is endemic in this country.他说种族主义在该国很普遍。
• Racism causes political instability and violence.种族主义道致政治动荡和暴力事件。

6 overt   

adj.公开的，明显的，公然的

参考例句：

• His opponent's intention is quite overt.他的对手的意图很明显。
• We should learn to fight with enemy in an overt and covert way.我们应学会同敌人做公开和隐蔽的斗争。

7 acclaimed   

adj.受人欢迎的

参考例句：

• They acclaimed him as the best writer of the year. 他们称赞他为当年的最佳作者。
• Confuscius is acclaimed as a great thinker. 孔子被赞誉为伟大的思想家。

8 furor   

n.狂热；大骚动

参考例句：

• His choice of words created quite a furor.他的措辞引起了相当大的轰动。
• The half hour lecture caused an enormous furor.那半小时的演讲引起了极大的轰动。

9 controversy   

n.争论，辩论，争吵

参考例句：

• That is a fact beyond controversy.那是一个无可争论的事实。
• We ran the risk of becoming the butt of every controversy.我们要冒使自己在所有的纷争中都成为众矢之的的风险。

10 subside   

vi.平静，平息；下沉，塌陷，沉降

参考例句：

• The emotional reaction which results from a serious accident takes time to subside.严重事故所引起的情绪化的反应需要时间来平息。
• The controversies surrounding population growth are unlikely to subside soon.围绕着人口增长问题的争论看来不会很快平息。

11 daggers   

匕首，短剑( dagger的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• I will speak daggers to her, but use none. 我要用利剑一样的话刺痛她的心，但绝不是真用利剑。
• The world lives at daggers drawn in a cold war. 世界在冷战中剑拨弩张。

12 warrior   

n.勇士，武士，斗士

参考例句：

• The young man is a bold warrior.这个年轻人是个很英勇的武士。
• A true warrior values glory and honor above life.一个真正的勇士珍视荣誉胜过生命。

13 flops   

n.失败( flop的名词复数 )v.（指书、戏剧等）彻底失败( flop的第三人称单数 )；（因疲惫而）猛然坐下；（笨拙地、不由自主地或松弛地）移动或落下；砸锅

参考例句：

• a pair of flip-flops 一双人字拖鞋
• HPC environments are often measured in terms of FLoating point Operations Per Second (FLOPS) . HPC环境通常以每秒浮点运算次数(FLOPS)加以度量。 来自互联网

14 outgrow   

vt.长大得使…不再适用；成长得不再要

参考例句：

• The little girl will outgrow her fear of pet animals.小女孩慢慢长大后就不会在怕宠物了。
• Children who walk in their sleep usually outgrow the habit.梦游的孩子通常在长大后这个习惯自然消失。

15 debuts   

演员首次演出( debut的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He never really debuts the idea of taking money from his parents any longer. 他从此就再也没有认真起过向父母要钱的念头。
• This young soprano debuts next month at the metropolitan opera. 这位年轻的女高音歌唱家下个月将在纽约大都会歌剧院举行首演。