六级写作经典范文及点评：欲望

 　　Appetite

　　One of the major pleasures in life is appetite, and one of our major duties should be to preserve it. Appetite is the keenness of living: it is one of the senses that tells you that you are still curious to exist, that you still have an edge on your longings¹ and want to bite into the world and taste its numerous flavors and juices. By appetite, of course, I don’t mean just the desire for food, but any condition of unsatisfied desire, any burning in the blood that proves you want more than you’ve got, and that you haven’t used up your life. Wilde said he felt sorry for those who never got their heart’s desire, but sorrier still for those who did. For appetite, for me, is this state of wanting, which keeps one’s expectations alive.

　　I remember learning this lesson long ago as a child, when treats and indulgence were few, and when I discovered that the greatest pitch happiness was not in actually eating a toffee but in gazing at it beforehand. True, the first bite was delicious, but once the toffee was gone one was left with nothing, neither toffee nor lust². Besides, the whole toffeeness of toffees was imperceptibly diminished by the gross act of having eating it. No, the best was in wanting it, in sitting and looking at it, when one tasted an endless treasure house of flavors. So, for me, one of the keenest pleasures of appetite remains³ in the wanting, not the satisfaction. In wanting a peach, or a whisky, or a particular texture⁴ or sound, or to be with a particular friend, for in those condition, of course, I know that the object of desire is always at its most flawlessly perfect. For that matter, I don’t want three square meals a day — I want one huge, delicious, orgiastic, table groaning⁶ blow out, say every four days, and then not be too sure where the next one is coming from①. A day of fasting is not for me just a device for denying oneself a pleasure, but rather a way of anticipating a rarer moment of supreme⁷ enjoyment⁸.

　　[360 words]

　　行文点评

　　作者开篇点题，指出One of the major pleasures in life is appetite。进而作者给appetite下了一个定义，即对任何事物的渴望。接着用王尔德的话引出作者的观点： Appetite is the state of wanting。在第二段中，作者用I remember...讲述了自己吃太妃糖的亲身经历，描述生动形象，贴近生活，由这段经历作者引出了文章的主题——欲望最大的乐趣在于对之渴求，而非满足。

　　作者谈的是食欲(appetite)，却又不仅仅谈对食物的热望。作者由小见大，由食欲谈及欲望(desire)，及其满足(satisfaction)。文章充满智慧(wits)，是一篇上佳的小品文。读者应能够体会作者刻意营造的一种轻灵跳跃(staccato)之感：No, the best was in wanting it, in sitting and looking at it(不，最重要的是对它的渴望和坐下来盯着它看的感觉)。这句话充分体现了作者有极高的驾驭语言的能力。

　　好文妙译

　　欲望

　　生活中一项最大的乐趣便是有个好胃口，而我们的主要职责之一便是保持这一好胃口。胃口是对生活的一种强烈的愿望，这是一种感觉，它告诉你你仍渴望着，你还有许多渴望尚待实现，还想继续生活在这世界上，品尝各种风味。所谓胃口(欲望)，当然，我不仅仅指对食物的热望，而且指任何未满足的渴望的情形，任何血液的沸腾都证明了你要的不仅仅是这些，你还未好好享受人生。王尔德说他对那些从未得到满足的人表示遗憾，但对那些已经心满意足的人更感到悲哀。欲望对我来说，是一种渴求的状态，它使希望永存。

　　我记得懂得这一点是在很久以前，还是个孩子的时候，那时有人款待和纵酒享乐的机会很少。而我发觉最大的幸福不在于吃太妃糖，而在于吃前凝视它的那一段时间。诚然，咬第一口时味道不错，但一旦太妃糖吃完了，一切皆化为乌有，无论是太妃糖还是欲望全都没了。此外，太妃糖的味道也在大口咀嚼中毫无觉察地消失了。不，最棒的是对它的渴望和坐下来盯着它看时的感觉，仿佛置身于美食宝库遍尝天下美味佳肴时才有的感觉。所以对我而言，欲望的最大乐趣之一在于对之渴求，而非满足感。想吃一个桃子，或喝一杯威士忌，或是期待一个特别的质感或声音，又或是渴望能和一个特别的朋友在一起,在这些情况下，我当然知道欲望的目的通常在于其无瑕疵的完美。对此，我不想过一天三顿的正常生活，而想每四天来一顿丰富可口的美味佳肴，大吃大喝一顿，接下来不知下一顿从何而来。一天的禁食对我来说并非像是被剥夺了快乐，而是期待更多纵情享乐的时刻。

　　词汇斟酌

　　appetite n.①胃口，食欲②欲望

　　keenness n.渴望

　　numerous a.众多的，许多的

　　flavor n.①味，滋味，味道②特色，风味

　　indulgencen.放任

　　pitchn.程度，强度

　　beforehandad.预先，事先

　　lustn.渴望，欲望vi.(after, for)对…有强烈的欲望

　　imperceptibly ad.察觉不到地, 微细地

　　diminish vi.变少，变小，降低vt.减少，减小，降低

　　orgiastic a.狂欢的

　　groan⁵ vi.①呻吟，抱怨②发出呻吟的声音

　　fast v.禁食，斋戒

　　device n.手段，策略

　　supremea.①最高的，至上的②极度的，最重要的

　　佳句临摹

　　①【注释】blow out 减弱;停止;熄灭

　　【临目Somebody opened the door and the candle blew out.有人打开了门，蜡烛随之被吹灭了。

　　思如泉涌

　　A sound mind is in a sound body. 健全的精神寓于健康的身体中。

　　All progress is based upon a universal innate⁹ desire on the part of every organism to live beyond its income. 世人莫不怀着一种与生俱来的欲望，要把支出超过收入，此乃一切进步的动力。

1 longings   

渴望，盼望( longing的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Ah, those foolish days of noble longings and of noble strivings! 啊，那些充满高贵憧憬和高尚奋斗的傻乎乎的时光！
• I paint you and fashion you ever with my love longings. 我永远用爱恋的渴想来描画你。

2 lust   

n.性(淫)欲；渴(欲)望；vi.对…有强烈的欲望

参考例句：

• He was filled with lust for power.他内心充满了对权力的渴望。
• Sensing the explorer's lust for gold, the chief wisely presented gold ornaments as gifts.酋长觉察出探险者们垂涎黄金的欲念，就聪明地把金饰品作为礼物赠送给他们。

3 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

4 texture   

n.(织物)质地；(材料)构造；结构；肌理

参考例句：

• We could feel the smooth texture of silk.我们能感觉出丝绸的光滑质地。
• Her skin has a fine texture.她的皮肤细腻。

5 groan   

vi./n.呻吟，抱怨；(发出)呻吟般的声音

参考例句：

• The wounded man uttered a groan.那个受伤的人发出呻吟。
• The people groan under the burden of taxes.人民在重税下痛苦呻吟。

6 groaning   

adj. 呜咽的, 呻吟的 动词groan的现在分词形式

参考例句：

• She's always groaning on about how much she has to do. 她总抱怨自己干很多活儿。
• The wounded man lay there groaning, with no one to help him. 受伤者躺在那里呻吟着，无人救助。

7 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

8 enjoyment   

n.乐趣；享有；享用

参考例句：

• Your company adds to the enjoyment of our visit. 有您的陪同，我们这次访问更加愉快了。
• After each joke the old man cackled his enjoyment.每逢讲完一个笑话，这老人就呵呵笑着表示他的高兴。

9 innate   

adj.天生的，固有的，天赋的

参考例句：

• You obviously have an innate talent for music.你显然有天生的音乐才能。
• Correct ideas are not innate in the mind.人的正确思想不是自己头脑中固有的。