雅思写作素材库:老年人口问题

 　　（一）如何表达老年人1. The aged¹ 老年人2. The elderly 老年人（通常指生活不能自理的老人）3. Senior citizen（非常尊敬的说法）4. OAP 领取养老金的人，委婉指老年人（Old Age Pensioner）5. Old folk 老年人（美式用法）(二)负面问题词汇1. Feel lonely being on one’s own all day 每天孤身一人感到孤独2. Live in emptiness/ empty nest/ nuclear family 生活在空虚/ 空巢家庭/ 小家庭中3. Feel isolated² and cut off from the rest of the world 感到孤立、与世界失去了联系4. Can not manage on pension 靠养老金无法过活5. Deepening generation gap 加深的代沟6. Be confined to limited social relationship 被限制在有限的社会关系网中7. Ageism 年龄歧视8. Outmoded values and skills 过时的价值观与技能9. Weak physique 病弱的体质10. Gerontocracy 老年人统治名词解释：在机构当中，很多老人把握着实权，此种现象被称为老年人统治。

　　11. A mental aberration³ 精神错乱12. Negative mentality⁴ 消极心态13. Vacuous⁵ 感到空虚的注：这个词汇还有另外的一个意思，即言语空洞的14. Aged diseases 老年病A. hypertension（high blood pressure）高血压B. cardiopathy (heart disease) 心脏病C. Parkinsonism 帕金森病D. Costive 便秘的E. Malnutrition⁶ 营养不良F. Insomnia⁷ （hard sleeping）失眠注：考虑到医学术语的难度，上述的部分单词MARS给出两种答案，请大家根据自己的情况进行选择。

　　(三)解决类词汇1. Build entertainment and fitness facilities 修建娱乐与健身设施2. Encourage them to have deuterogamy/ digamy (remarriage) 鼓励再婚3. Organize societies 组织社团4. Provide them with employment opportunities 为老人提供就业机会5. Frequent lectures introducing latest technology经常的举办讲座介绍最新的科技6. Establish social security system and perfect Medicare system建立社会保障系统并完善医疗系统7. make community clinics available 建立社区诊所（四）相关节日与机构1. IDOP (International Day of Older Persons) 国际老年人日（每年10月1日）2. ILO (International Labor⁸ Organization) 国际劳工组织3. ICRC (International Committee of the Red Cross) 红十字国际委员会4. SCPDPM (Sub-Committee on the Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities)防止歧视和保护少数小组委员会5. ICHR (International Court of Human Rights) 国际人权法庭6. WCHR (World Conference on Human Rights) 国际人权大会7. WPO (World Population Organization) 世界人口组织

1 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。

2 isolated   

adj.与世隔绝的

参考例句：

• His bad behaviour was just an isolated incident. 他的不良行为只是个别事件。
• Patients with the disease should be isolated. 这种病的患者应予以隔离。

3 aberration   

n.离开正路，脱离常规，色差

参考例句：

• The removal of the chromatic aberration is then of primary importance.这时消除色差具有头等重要性。
• Owing to a strange mental aberration he forgot his own name.由于一种莫名的精神错乱，他把自己的名字忘了。

4 mentality   

n.心理，思想，脑力

参考例句：

• He has many years'experience of the criminal mentality.他研究犯罪心理有多年经验。
• Running a business requires a very different mentality from being a salaried employee.经营企业所要求具备的心态和上班族的心态截然不同。

5 vacuous   

adj.空的，漫散的，无聊的，愚蠢的

参考例句：

• Male models are not always so vacuous as they are made out to be.男模特儿并不总像人们说的那样愚蠢。
• His eyes looked dull,almost vacuous.他看上去目光呆滞，茫然若失。

6 malnutrition   

n.营养不良

参考例句：

• In Africa, there are a lot of children suffering from severe malnutrition.在非洲有大批严重营养不良的孩子。
• It is a classic case of malnutrition. 这是营养不良的典型病例。

7 insomnia   

n.失眠，失眠症

参考例句：

• Worries and tenseness can lead to insomnia.忧虑和紧张会导致失眠。
• He is suffering from insomnia.他患失眠症。

8 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。