十一、公司法（Company law）
1.A company director owes a fiduciary duty to the company.
2.A company is regarded by the law as a person:an artificial person.
3.An enterprise as a legal person shall conduct operations within the range approved and registered.
4.He is director appointed under the articles of the company.
5.Prior to application for registration,the share capital must be stipulated in the Articles and all shares must be subscribed.
6.The chairman was personally liable for the company's debts.
7.The company has complied with the court order.
8.The company has fulfilled all the terms of the agreement.
9.The company intends to sue for damages.
10.The company is controlled by the majority shareholder.
11.The company is presumed to be still solvent.
12.The company is resisting the takeover bid.
13.The company's action was completely legal.
14.The domicile of a legal person or other organization is at the place of its principal business establishment.
15.The legal adviser recommended applying for an injunction against the directors of the company.
16.The major methods used to reconstitute the company are acquisition of companies and merging.
17.The profits and losses of the equity joint venture shall be shared by the parties in proportion to their contributions of the registered capital.
18.The resolution was invalid because the shareholder's meeting was not quorate.
19.The right to vote at shareholder's meetings for the election of directors shall be observed.
20.The two companies have merged.
公司董事应对公司负责受托人责任。
公司被法律规为"人",一个拟制人.
企业法人应当在核准登记的经营范围内从事经营.
他是一名按公司章程任命的董事。
在申请登记注册前，
在公司章程中必须载明股本额，
并且所有股份必须认购完毕。
董事长对公司债务承担个人责任。
公司遵守了法院的命令。
公司已经履行了全部协议中的条款。
公司打算提起索赔之诉。
该公司受控股股东的控制。
公司被推定仍有偿还能力。
该公司正在抵制以接管为目的的高价征购股份.
公司的行为完全合法。
法人和其他非法人组织以其主要办事机构所在地为住所。
法律顾问建议申请针对公司董事会的强制令。
公司重组的方式有公司收购和公司兼并。
合资企业各方应按其出资额在注册资本中的比例分享利润及亏损.
因股东大会不够法定人数,故该决议无效。
应该遵守股东大会上投票选举董事的表决权。
两个公司已经兼并。
Part 12 Jurisdiction
1.It is a principle of first importance
that federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction.
2.Jurisdiction determines which court system should properly adjudicate a case.
3.Questions of jurisdiction also arise regarding quasi-judicial bodies,such as administrative agencies.
4.The case falls within the competence of the court.
5.The choice of jurisdiction of a court by agreement hall not violate the provisions of exclusive jurisdiction undr the law.
6.The court held that exercise of personal jurisdiction ust meet the requirements of due process.
7.The federal courts have usually interpreted the matters of jurisdiction rather strictly.
8.The jurisdictional amount is set by statute and is currently $80,000.
9.This matter does not fall within the jurisdiction fo the Hight Court.
10.To start a civil suit the plaintiff first picks the proper court,one that has jurisdiction in the case.
管辖权
联邦法院是有限管辖权法院,这是首要原则.
什么法院体系适合审判某一案件应由管辖权决定.
准司法机构,如行政机构等也会出现管辖权问题.
该案在这个法院的管辖权范围内。
协议选择的法院管辖不得违反法律关于专属管辖的规定.
法院裁定行使人身管辖权必须符合正当程序要件.
在解释管辖权事项时联邦法院一直比较严格.
案件标的管辖权由法律规定,目前是80,000美元.
该事项不在高等法院管辖权范围之内.
原告要提民事诉讼,首先要找到对该案件有管辖权的恰当的法院.
Part 13 International law
1.A state alone can perform acts of sovereignty on its territory.
2.Being sovereign and equal to others,a state has certain rights and corresponding duties.
3.Both sides claimed the other side broke the peace agreement.
4.Every state has the duty to refrain from use of force against the territorial integrity of any other state.
5.He claimed diplomatic immunity to avoid being arrested.
6.His passport is out of date.
7.Illegal immigrants are deported.
8.One of the most flagrant of infringement of independence of States is intervention.
9.Public intermational law has been regarded as a system of principles and rules esigned to govern relations between sovereign states.
10.The beginnings of international law as it is known today re usually traced to the 16th and 17th centuries.
国际法
只有国家和能在自已的领土上行使主行为。
作为独立、平等的主权国，
既享有某些权利，也承担相应的责任义务。
双方者声称对方破坏了和平协议。
任何国家都负有不得使用武力侵犯别国领土完整的责任。
为避免被捕,他声称享有外交豁免权。
他的护照已过期。
非法移民要被驱逐出国。
公然侵犯国家独立的行为之一是干涉。
国际公法一直被视为是调整主权国之关系的一套原则和规则。
如今的国际法的起源通常应追溯到16和17世纪。
Part 14 Negligence
1.Did the other person act negligently?
2.If you are more than 50 percent,you may not be able to recover damages in the negligence action.
3.In most civil contexts it does not matter whether negligence is"gross"or"slight".
4.In most states contributory negligence has been superceded by comparative negligence.
5.In regard to negligence,think of duty broadly as an obligation to protect the safety of others.
6.Involuntary manslaughter can be based on criminal negligence.
7.Negligence can also be a criminal offense.
8.Usually negligence is a tort.
9.You could bring a claim of negligence against the railroad company.
10.You have the grounds for a negligence action.
过失行为
他人的行为是否有过失？
如果你的责任超过50%，
你在此过失诉讼中便有可能无法得到赔偿金。
在多数民事事项环境中,过失行为是否"严重"或"轻微"并不关紧要.
在多数州,混合过失已经被比较过失取代。
在论及过失时，
应当视责任为广义的保护他人安全的义务。
非故意非预谋杀人罪可基于过失犯罪而成立。
过失行为也可能成为犯罪。
过失行为通常是侵犯行为。
你可以对铁路公司提起过失主张。
你有理由提起过失之诉。
Part 15 Customs&tariff
1.All imports must be declared to customs.
2.How long will it take us to pass through Customs?
3.Like retaliation tariff,preferential tariff is used as a weapon in international relations.
4.The customs formalities for the exportation of the following cargo ave been duly completed.
5.The Customs Bureau accepts certain foreign exports free of duty.
6.The duty on automobiles will be abolished soon.
7.The government decided to raise tariff walls against foreign goods.
8.The penalties for cheating customs are very severe.
9.The shutouts will soon be sent to the warehouse.
10.To impose a heavy duty on the imports of steel is unreasonable.
海关和关税
所有过口货物必须报关。
办完通关手续要多长时间？
与报复性关税一样，
特惠关税在国际关系中也被当成一种武器使用.
下列货物的出关手续已正式结清。
海关总署允许免税进口几种外国货。
汽车关税即将被取消。
政府决定提高关税壁垒以抵制外国货。
关税欺诈所受的惩罚非常重。
退关货物很快被存入仓库。
对钢材进口征收高关税是无道理的。
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