句子成分--谓语(在线收听) | |||||||||||||||||||||
谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答"做(什么)"。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)
(1)由“不及物动词”、“及物动词+宾语”或“系动词+表语”等构成,说明主语所表示的人物“干什么”或“怎么样”。如: He travelled in space for the first time .(他首次在太空旅行。) / Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语?) / The pizza has gone bad. (那块烤馅饼已经变坏。) / (2)谓语动词必须反映出人称、单复数、时态等信息,谓语动词往往由下列词语依序排列构成:[情态动词]+[时态助动词](现在完成时)+[语态助动词](如被动语态)+[主要动词](不一定全部出现)。(见动词的时态和语态构成表) 记住:谓语部分第一个动词往往是变形动词。如: I am sorry I am making so much noise but I have to. (对不起我发出了太大的声音但是只能这样。) / He can’t have finished reading the 800-page-long novel. (他不可能读完了那本长达800页的小说。) / Something must be done to stop the fowl flu from spreading out. (该采取措施防止 (3)谓语动词切忌用“行为动词1 + 原形动词”、“be + 原形动词”。 记住使用下列正确形式: ①情态动词+原形动词。如:You’d better go over the lesson.(你最好复习这一课。) ②shall/ will/ would+原形动词。如:They should have been there once.(他们应该去过那儿。) ③be+现在分词或者过去分词。如:What are you doing this evening?(今晚你打算做什么?)---表示一般将来时/ Many trees have been cut down since 1970s.(自从20世纪70年代大批树木被砍伐。) ④have+过去分词。如:Many trees have been cut down since 1970s.(意思同上) ⑤一般时问句和否定句中:do/does/did+原形动词。如:He does not enjoy himself very much.(他日子过的不好。)/ Did any of you see dinosaur eggs?(你们当中有谁见过恐龙蛋吗?) ⑥行为动词1+行为动词2 (不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词等形式)。如:He made up his mind to be a vet.(他拿定主意要做个兽医。)/ Feeling good about yourself is essential to feeling good about life.(自尊自爱是享受生活的根本。)/ They wake up the other family members, calling,“Merry Christmas!”(他们叫醒家庭的其他成员,呼喊着:圣诞快乐!)/ The kings of ancient (4)不可用形容词、名词、代词、副词、介词短语等独立作谓语,必须在此之前加连系动词。 (5)谓语动词单复数形式:单数形式的动词有:is,was,has,does以及“动词+s”;复数形式的动词有:are,were,have以及动词原形。其他动词不分单、复数。
谓语部分第一个动词的形式 单数形式 复数形式 一般现在时be(是)动词; 现在某些时态和语态的助动词be am (单一); are (单二); is (单三); are 一般过去时be(是)动词; 过去某些时态和语态的助动词be was (单一); were (单二); was;(单三) were 一般现在时have(有)动词; 现在完成时态的助动词have have (单一); have (单二); has (单三); have 一般现在时行为动词和助动词do do (单一、单二); does (单三) do 实意动词和连系动词的一般现在时动词(否定和疑问句除外) 原形动词(单一、单二); 动词+s /es (单三) 原形动词 其他各时态语态的谓语动词 单复数形式相同 记住:主语、谓语单复数必须保持一致。(参见“4、名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题:”) Air and water is necessary to us all.(空气和水对于我们大家是必不可少的。) (6)一般问句和反意问句的回答不使用行为动词,应该使用“是”动词、情态动词、助动词(be,will,have,do以及变形)。如:The Olympic Games is held every other year, isn’t it? ----Yes, it is.(奥运会每两年举办一次,是吗?----是的。)
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原文地址:http://www.tingroom.com/jiaocai/czzsdhz/156414.html |