Europe is suffering from its worst ever real-estate market. And one country that seems to be pushing back hard at its government is Spain. More than two months after Spain's so-called "indignados" began occupying city squares to protest high unemployment and perceived government corruption, they have turned to a new target: Spanish banks. Protesters say Spain's banking laws - some of the strictest in the world - leave mortgage borrowers with too much debt.
欧洲正经历有史以来最糟糕的房地产市场。而西班牙看来是政府受到民众施压的国家。两个多月前，西班牙民众开始进行所谓的“愤怒者”游行运动，抗议高失业率和政府腐败，而现在这场运动已转向新的目标：西班牙银行。抗议者说，世界最严格的银行法之一--西班牙的银行法，导致抵押贷款借款人债务过重。
The Spanish protesters who first took over Madrid's central square in May are back again, this time with a new target: Spain's banking laws, which are some of the strictest in Europe, particularly when it comes to mortgages.
5月份在西班牙首都马德里市中心广场举行集会的抗议者又回来了，这一次他们有了新的目标：西班牙银行法，这是欧洲最严格的银行法之一，尤其是在抵押贷款方面。
In Spain, if the bank forecloses on your home, you are still liable for your mortgage debt. That means people who have lost their homes are saddled with mountains of debt as well.
在西班牙，如果银行没收你的住房，你仍然要承担抵押贷款债务。这意味着，失去住房的人还是背负堆积如山的债务。
It is a predicament that has happened to more than 300,000 Spaniards since the housing bubble burst in 2008. And it is something protesters like Susana Garcia do not like.
自2008年房地产泡沫破裂以来，西班牙有30多万人陷入这种困境。像苏珊纳·加西亚这样的抗议者对此非常不满。
"This is a big, big shame. Because people have no houses, and big debt for the rest of their lives," said Garcia. "It's like a crime. It's state terrorism."
苏珊纳说：“这真是很大、很大的耻辱。因为人们失去了住房，而他们的余生还要背负大量的债务。这就像一种罪行--是国家恐怖主义。”
Garcia and other protesters find out where the next housing eviction will be, and go to the house. Often they form a human chain around the property, blocking bank officials from entering and serving foreclosure papers.
苏珊纳·加西亚和其他抗议者先找出下一个将被驱逐出房屋的借款人，然后聚集到他的房子那里。通常他们围绕这所房子形成人链，阻止银行官员进入房屋办理止赎手续。
"Shame, shame!" they chant at bank officials trying to evict mortgage defaulters from their home. The protesters are also circulating a petition calling on the Spanish government to change local mortgage laws.
他们向试图将房贷违约者驱逐出房屋的银行官员高喊：“可耻、可耻！”抗议者还在分发诉求传单，呼吁西班牙政府修改抵押贷款法律。
"Ask to erase that debt. You keep the house. So let me live with nothing, but at least not with a debt for 100,000 euros or dollars," added Garcia.
苏珊纳说：“要求消除债务。你们收回房子。让我一无所有地生活，至少没有10万欧元或美元的债务地生活。”
"The first thing you're going to try to do is sell the house yourself, so you get the cash and you used that cash to pay your debt with the bank," explained an economist at Madrid's Elcano Institute. "But once you've been forced to give your house to the bank, you still have a debt, which then goes to a judiciary procedure - in which I think it's not that clear cut, what's the amount, if the bank sells the house, you're going to receive or be relieved of the debt."
费德里柯·斯坦伯格是马德里智库埃尔卡诺研究所的经济学家。他解释了西班牙抵押贷款法规对贷款违约者的最终影响。费德里柯说：“你要设法做的第一件事就是你自己出售房屋，这样你可以获得现金，然后用这些钱偿付拖欠银行的债务。但是一旦你被迫将房子让银行没收，你仍然负有债务，之后将进入一个司法程序--我想这当中不会那么清楚，若银行出售房屋你会拿到多少钱或免去多少债务。”
At a time when more than one in five Spaniards is out of work, these laws make people angry. They are unhappy to see Spanish banks faring better than the average worker in the economic crisis. Only two small Spanish banks have gone out of business in recent years - unlike many American banks, for example, which needed a government bailout.
西班牙的失业率现在高达20%以上，这些法律让人们感到愤怒。在此次经济危机中，西班牙的银行机构比普通从业者的情况要好，这令人们感到不满。最近几年西班牙只有两家小银行倒闭，不像美国那样许多银行需要政府救助。
Jesus Encinar is the founder and CEO of Idealista, Spain's biggest real estate website.
基瑟斯·安西纳日是西班牙最大的房地产网站“理想网站”的创办者和首席执行官。
"In Spain, the banks didn't need any kind of government money to stay alive or to survive, as they did in the U.S. The Spanish banks have actually done very well," of Encinar.
基瑟斯说：“在西班牙，银行不需要任何形式的政府资金来维持营业或生存，它们不像美国的银行。西班牙的银行其实运营地很好。”
Approaching an election in the coming months, the Spanish government has been eager to try to be receptive to the protesters demands. Earlier this month, the government changed some of the rules about how mortgage defaulters' debt is calculated, and how much banks can deduct from debtors paychecks.
几个月后西班牙将举行选举，西班牙政府一直在积极地设法接受抗议者的要求。这个月早些时候，政府修改了关于如何计算房贷违约者所欠债务以及银行可以从债务人的薪水中扣除多少的法规。
But Garcia says that is not enough. Foreclosures continue, at a rate of around 300 a day across Spain. She wants a temporary freeze on all evictions, at least during the economic crisis.
但是苏珊纳·加西亚说，那还不够。房屋止赎还在继续，现在西班牙每天约有300套房屋进入止赎程序。她希望至少在此次经济危机期间暂时停止驱逐房主。
"We're just asking, erase those debts and at least stop, for the moment, the evictions. We, all of us, are affected - in all the world," Garcia added.
苏珊纳说：“我们只是要求解除那些债务，至少在目前停止驱逐。我们所有这些人都受到了影响。”
While some of the protesters are focusing on Spain's banking system, others say the whole European economic system is the problem. A group of demonstrators left Madrid on Tuesday to march to Brussels, to make their views known there.
虽然一些抗议者将焦点放在西班牙的银行系统，但其他一些人指出，整个欧洲的经济体系是个问题。一群抗议者星期二从马德里出发，前往欧盟总部所在地布鲁塞尔，他们要在那里发出抗议呼声。 |