New guidelines have been released to help HIV infected people get on treatment and stay on it. The recommendations appear in the Annals of Internal Medicine. The 37 guidelines were developed by a panel of experts at the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care or IAPAC.

新的指导方针已经被公布来帮助治疗HIV感染者得到治疗并继续和这种病魔抗争。刊登在《内科学纪事》上的37条指导方针是由国际艾滋病医师治疗协会 (简称IAPAC)的一个专家小组撰写。

“These guidelines have been somewhat long overdue. We realized that after 30 years of HIV/AIDS we still have patients with the problem of taking their tablets at a prescribed schedule, which obviously tends to make them sick, get hospitalized and die,” said Co-chair Dr. Jean Nachega, a scientist at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and a professor of medicine at South Africa’s Stellenbosch University.

“这些指南在某种程度已经过期很长时间。我们认识到30多年的HIV / AIDS后还有患者按照指定疗程服药,这显然会加重他们的病情,进而住院随后死亡,”共同撰写者简?那克加博士说道，他是约翰霍普金斯布隆伯格公共卫生学院的一名科学家，也是南非的斯坦伯克大学的医学教授。

Avoiding resistance

The guidelines are designed to help both the patient and the health care provider. Not taking antiretroviral drugs as prescribed can allow HIV to come back even stronger.

指南旨在帮助病人和医疗提供者。没有按照规定服用抗逆转录病毒药物会加重病情。

“The consequences are the virus keeps multiplying and the multiplication leads to drug resistance. You end up having a drug which no longer works. You need to rely on even more complex and costly drugs, which in some region of the world are not available. So it’s really problematic,” he said.

“结果是病毒不断增殖而繁殖导致抗药性的产生。病人由于药物不再起效而被终结。所以你需要依靠更为复杂且价格更为昂贵的药物,而这在世界的一些地区是获取不到的。因此这真的是个老大难问题。”他说道。

Newer antiretrovirals have made HIV/AIDS more of a chronic disease in many developed countries. Nevertheless, the Centers for Disease Control says even in the United States many people fail to take advantage of treatment. It says only 69 percent of HIV positive persons enter care and only 59 percent remain in care. What’s more, only 28 percent of Americans living with HIV have received enough treatment to have undetectable viral loads in their blood.

新的抗逆转录病毒药物使艾滋病在许多发达国家更成为一种慢性疾病。然而,疾病控制中心表示即使是在美国这样的国家，很多人未能利用治疗的优势。只有69%HIV呈阳性的人得到治疗而59%的人仍然没有得到。更重要的是,只有28%的美国人感染艾滋病受到足够的治疗，在他们的血液中有无法测量的病毒量。

Recent studies have shown that treatment is also prevention.

最近的研究表明治疗通常也是预防。

“Someone who takes his tablets correctly is less likely to transmit the virus to his partner,” said Nachega.

“服用正确药物的人传播病毒给他的伴侣的可能性要小。”那克加说道。

Reaching out

The recommendations include intensive outreach programs to help ensure those diagnosed with HIV get into treatment programs. There would also be systematic monitoring of patients on whether they’re adhering to their treatment. Education and counseling programs are recommended so patients understand the importance of regularly scheduled doses.

该建议包括密集拓展训练帮助确诊为患有艾滋病的患者进入治疗项目。患者是否在坚持治疗也会有系统性的监控。教育和咨询项目也被推荐这样病人意识到定期的剂量的重要性。

The guidelines also call for screening, managing and treatment of depression and other mental illnesses, as well as pediatric and adolescent-focused therapeutic support.

该指南还呼吁筛选、管理和治疗抑郁症和其他精神疾病，以及青少年治疗的支持。

"We hope to update these recommendations every two or three years obviously because as more data are found we can update our recommendations,” he said.

“我们希望每两、三年明显更新这些指南建议,因为随着数据被发现的越来越多，我们就可以马上进行更新。”他说道。

The International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care and the U.S. National Institutes of Health jointly sponsored the recommendations.

国际艾滋病医师治疗协会和美国国立卫生研究院共同发起这项指南建议。