VVOA慢速英语2012 Education Report - Conflicts Keep Millions of Children Out of School（在线收听）

Education Report - Conflicts Keep Millions of Children Out of School

教育报道 - 冲突使得数百万儿童失学

This is the VOA Special English Education Report.

这里是美国之音慢速英语教育报道。

Conflicts around the world are keeping tens of millions of young people from going to school. Many have physical or emotional injuries that make it hard or even impossible for them to learn.

世界各地的冲突使得数千万年轻人未能上学。许多人还受到身体或精神上的伤害，使得他们很难，甚至不可能去学习。

Later this year UNESCO will release its twenty-twelve "Education for All Global Monitoring Report." UNESCO is the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. The yearly publication is part of a global campaign to provide primary education to all children within the next three years.

今年晚些时候，联合国教科文组织将发布2012年《全民教育全球监测报告 》。教科文组织是指联合国教育、科学和文化组织。这份年度出版物是一个在未来三年内为所有儿童提供小学教育的全球活动的一部分。

（注：该活动是指联合国千年发展目标）

The report documents the situation in countries that have made the least progress toward the Millennium Development Goals. These goals require universal primary education and equality for boys and girls in schooling by twenty-fifteen.

该报告记录了那些在实现联合国千年发展目标上取得进展最小的国家的现状。这些目标要求在2015年前普及初等教育且男、女学生平等。

Pauline Rose is the director of the report.

宝琳·罗斯（Pauline Rose）是该报告的负责人。

PAULINE ROSE: "In those thirty-five conflict-affected countries, we find twenty-eight million children out of school. In some countries, it's just that schools are not even accessible in conflict zones. The teachers aren't there. The schools are sometimes even attacked."

罗斯：“在这35个受冲突影响的国家中，我们发现了28,000,000万名失学儿童。在一些国家，只是因为在冲突地区找不到学校，教师不在这些地方。学校有时候甚至会遭到攻击。”

The Geneva Conventions bar the targeting of public places like schools and hospitals. In some cases, schools are targeted because they represent the government. Pauline Rose says in other cases, schools are targeted for religious or political reasons.

《日内瓦公约》禁止攻击学校和医院一类的公共场所作。在某些情况下，学校被攻击是因为它们代表了政府。罗斯表示，学校被攻击的另一种情况是由于宗教或政治原因。

PAULINE ROSE: "So in Afghanistan, given that the idea of girls going to school has been part of the concern of some militant groups, that has been a cause for their direct attack on girls schools. In other parts of the world, it might be more that schools are caught in the crossfire."

罗斯：“在阿富汗，女孩上学的想法一直是一些激进组织的担忧，这已经成为他们直接攻击女子学校的一个原因。在全球其它地区，学校卷入战火可能也会越来越多。”

Conflicts also put girls and boys at risk of sexual violence. Schoolchildren are also at risk of being forced to become soldiers.

冲突还使得男孩和女孩面临着性暴力的风险。学龄儿童还面临着被强迫入伍的风险。

Under international law, refugees are the only displaced people with a guaranteed right to education. But that guarantee often means little. Schools in refugee camps often have limited money for teachers or supplies.

根据国际法，难民是流离失所者中唯一拥有教育权利保障的人。但这种保障通常微乎其微。难民营的学校往往在师资和物资上资金有限。

Last year, Pauline Rose visited the Dadaab camps in northern Kenya. Those camps shelter more than two hundred fifty thousand refugees from Somalia.

去年，罗斯探访了肯尼亚北部的达达布难民营。这些难民营收容了250，000名索马里难民。

PAULINE ROSE: "So you have half of children without any access to school. You have sort of classes of over three hundred children, and I mean just the conditions getting worse and worse."

罗斯：“有一半儿童无法上学，有些班级的学生超过300人，我的意思只是说条件每况愈下。”

What if conflict states in sub-Saharan Africa moved just ten percent of their military spending to education? UNESCO says they could educate more than one-fourth of their out-of-school population. And in Pakistan, it says twenty percent of the military budget could provide primary education for all children.

如果撒哈拉以南非洲冲突国家将10%的军费投入到教育中会怎么样？教科文组织说，这样他们能够为超过1/4的失学儿童提供教育。在巴基斯坦，20%的军事预算就能为全部儿童提供小学教育。

But experts say one country has been a real success story. For years, Botswana has used its wealth from diamond exports to finance universal primary education and to create a skills base for its growing economy.

但一个国家造就了一个真实的成功案例。多年来，博茨瓦纳用来自钻石出口的财富为普及小学教育提供资金，为该国的经济增长创造了一个技能基础。

And that's the VOA Special English Education Report. I'm Jim Tedder.

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Contributing: William Eagle