The officials in the city of Syktyvkar in the northern Komi republic drew up the guidelines, to be distributed on Wednesday, after several bears were spotted in the city, starving after a heatwave shrivelled nuts and berries.

The guide warns that residents should stay calm and stand still if they meet a bear. "Speak to the bear in a firm voice" and "Don't turn your back on it," it adds.

In the worst-case scenario, if the bear attacks, the victim should behave aggressively, the guide says. "Shout angrily at it and look it straight in the eyes," it advises.

"Bears have started coming into residential areas more and more often," the city authorities of Komi's regional capital of Syktyvkar said in a statement. "Any encounter with a bear is unsafe for humans, so our task is to do all we can to prevent accidents."

In September, a bear mauled a 25-year-old man in a central street of the city, wounding him in the neck before he managed to flee, police said.

"Three or four civilian encounters with brown bears have been registered," the deputy head of the hunting department in the regional agriculture ministry, Alexander Arkhipenko, told the reporters.

Police shot one bear after it wounded a man close to an infants' school in a city suburb, Arkhipenko said. Officials have asked police to patrol streets close to wooded areas in the evenings.

Syktyvkar is the regional capital of the remote Komi region in northwest Russia. Its population is just over 230,000.

俄罗斯某边远城市政府向当地居民发布了一份“遇熊逃生指南”，因为最近一段时间越来越多的熊走上街头觅食。

位于俄罗斯科米共和国北部的瑟克特夫卡尔市官员起草的这份指南于本周三公布。由于今夏酷热导致坚果、浆果等食物减产，近期该市熊出没频繁。

该指南提醒居民称，遇到熊后应保持镇定、站立不动，“以沉着的口吻与熊对话”，而且“不要背对着它们”。

该指南建议，当遭遇被熊攻击这一最坏情况时，受害者应表现出攻击性，“愤怒地冲熊大喊，并直视它的眼睛”。

科米共和国首府瑟克特夫卡尔市政府在一份声明中称，“熊在居民区的出没越来越频繁。对人们来说，只要遇到熊就不安全。所以我们的任务就是竭尽所能防止事故发生。”

警方表示，今年九月份，一只熊在市中心街道袭击了一位25岁的男子，该男子脖子被熊打伤，后来成功逃脱。

当地农业部门狩猎处副主任亚历山大?阿尔希片科对记者表示：“已登记有三四名市民遇到棕熊的事故。”

阿尔希片科还表示，警方开枪射杀了一只在市郊幼儿园附近咬伤一名男子的熊。当地官员已部署警力每晚在林区附近街道巡逻。

瑟克特夫卡尔市是俄罗斯西北部偏远的科米共和国首府，人口略多于23万。