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Lesson Eleven
Pre-class Work
Read the text a third time. Learn the new words and expressions listed below.
Glossary
ambition
n. a strong desire for success, power, riches, etc.
band
n. a group of musicians who play popular music together
cashier
v. to work as a clerk whose job is to receive and pay out money in a shop, bank, hotel, etc.
clarity
n. clearness
conscience
n. 良心
contrast
n. a difference between people, ideas or things
dime
n. a silver coin of the U. S., worth ten cents
dismal
adj. lacking hope or comfort, showing or causing sadness
embrace
n. the act of holding sb. close to you as a sign of love
emerge
v. to come out or appear from somewhere
enhance
v. to increase good qualities in sb. or sth.
errand
n. a short trip to do sth. for sb.
expand
v. to become larger
fantasy
n. imagination
finery
n. beautiful or expensive clothes and jewelry worn for special occasions
freshman
n. a first-year student at a high school or university
frugally
adv. carefully in the way of using money, buying only what is necessary
giddy
adj. feeling a little sick and unable to balance because everything seems to be moving
grieve
v. to feel extremely sad, esp. when sb. you love has died
gypsy
n. 吉卜赛人
horn
n. a musical instrument 号；管
humble
adj. having a low social class or position, not proud
indulge
v. to let yourself do or have what you want even if it is bad for you 放纵，纵容
intolerable
adj. too difficult, unpleasant, annoying, etc. for you to bear
lavish
adj. A ～ meal is a meal that is large and generous and costs a lot of money.
license
n. an official paper showing that permission has been given to do sth. 许可证
lumpy
adj. 疙瘩不平的
marvel
v. to feel great surprise and admiration for
mattress
n. 床垫
miracle
n. 奇迹
miserly
adj. a ～ person is a person who hates to spend money
onrush
n. a strong fast movement forward
parlor
n. a sitting room where people may receive guests (old-fashioned)
quit
v. to leave a job
retire
v. to stop working at the end of one's working life
salon
n. beauty ～ : a place where you can get your hair cut
seek
v. to look for or ask for
second-rate
adj. not very good
sentimental
adj. too easily affected by tender feelings such as love, sadness, etc.
shabby
adj. looking old and in bad condition
skate
n. 冰鞋
v. to move on ice wearing ice-skates
smartv. to hurt with stinging pain
sorrow
n. unhappiness, sadness or grief
splendid
adj. excellent
spree
n. a short period of time doing sth. you enjoy
stomach
n. an organ in the body where food is digested 胃
suffer
v. to tolerate or stand
suitcase
n. a case with flat sides used for carrying clothes when travelling
threadbare
adj. worn out; in bad condition
top-heavy
adj. not properly balanced because of too much weight at the top
transform
v. to completely change the appearance, form or character of sth. esp. in a way that improves it
trapped
adj. in a bad situation from which you can't escape
urge
v. to strongly advise sb. to do sth.
vague
adj. not clear
wardrobe
n. the clothes that sb. has
wistfully
adv. sadly and thoughtfully because you want sth. but cannot have it
Proper Names
Bess
贝丝（女子名，Elizabeth 的爱称）
Lottie
洛蒂（女子名，charlotte 的别名）
Text A
The Richer, the Poorer
Read the text once for the main idea. Do not refer to the notes, dictionaries or the glossary yet.
Over the years Lottie had urged her sister Bess to prepare for her old age. Over the years Bess had lived each day as if there were no other. Now they were both past sixty. Lottie had a bank account that had never grown lean. Bess had the clothes on her back, and the rest of her worldly possessions in an old suitcase.
Lottie had hated being a child, seeing her parents constantly worrying about money, Bess had never seemed to notice. All she ever wanted was to go outside and play. She learned to skated on borrowed skates. She rode a borrowed bicycle. Lottie couldn't wait to grow up and buy herself the best of everything.
As soon as anyone would hire her, Lottie put herself to work. She looked after babies, she ran errands for the old.
She never touched a penny of her money, though her child's mouth watered for ice cream and candy. When the dimes began to add up to dollars, she lost her taste for sweets.
By the time she was twelve, she was clerking after school in a small variety store. Saturdays she worked as long as she was wanted. She decided to keep her money for clothes. When she entered high school, she would wear a wardrobe that no one else would be able to match.
But her freshman year found her unable to indulge this fantasy, particularly when her admiring instructors advised her to think seriously of college. No one in her family had ever gone to college. She would show them all what she could do, if she put her mind to it.
She began to bank her money, and her bankbook became her most precious possession.
In her third year of high school, she found a job in a small but expanding restaurant, where she cashiered from the busy hour until closing. In her last year of high school, the business increased so rapidly that Lottie was faced with the choice of staying in school or working full time.
She made her choice easily. A job in hand was worth two in the future.
Bess had a boy-friend in the school band, who had no other ambition except to play a horn. Lottie expected to be settled with a home and family while Bess was still waiting for Harry to earn enough to buy a marriage license.
That Bess married Harry straight out of high school was not surprising. That Lottie never married at all was not really surprising either. Two or three times she was halfway persuaded, but to give up a job that paid well for a homemaking job that paid nothing was a risk she was incapable of taking.
Bess's married life was nothing for Lottie to envy. She and Harry lived like gypsies, with Harry playing in second-rate bands all over the country, even getting himself and Bess stranded in Europe. They were often in rags and never in riches.
Bess grieved because she had no child, not having sense enough to know she was better off without them. Very likely she would have dumped them on Lottie's doorstep.
That Lottie had a doorstep was only because her boss, having bought a second house, offered Lottie his first house at a price so low and terms so reasonable that it would have been like losing money to refuse.
She shut off the rooms she didn't use, letting them go to ruin. Since she ate her meals out, she had no food at home, and did not encourage callers, who always expected a cup of tea.
Her way of life was mean and miserly, but she did not know it. She thought she lived frugally in her middle years so that she could live in comfort when she most needed peace of mind.
The years, after forty, began to race. Suddenly Lottie was sixty, and made to retire by her boss's son, who had no sentimental feeling about keeping her on until she was ready to quit.
She made several attempts to find other employment, but nobody would hire her. For the first time in her life Lottie would gladly have worked for nothing, to have some place to go, something to do with her day.
Harry died abroad, in a third-rate hotel, with Bess weeping as hard as if he had left her a fortune. He had left nothing but his horn. There wasn't even money for her passage home.
Lottie, trapped by the blood tie, knew she would have to send Bess money to bring her home.
It took Lottie a week to get a bedroom ready, a week of hard work and hard cash. There was everything to do, everything to replace or paint. When she was through the room looked so fresh and new that Lottie felt she deserved it more than Bess.
She would let Bess have her room, but the mattress was so lumpy, the carpet so worn, the curtains so threadbare that Lottie's conscience bothered her. She knew she would have to redo that room, too, and went about doing it eagerly.
When she was through upstairs, she was shocked to see how dismal downstairs looked by comparison. She tried to ignore it, but with nowhere to go to escape it, the contrast grew more intolerable.
She worked her way from kitchen to parlor, persuading herself she was only improving the rooms to give herself something to do. At night she slept like a child after a long and happy day of playing house. She was having more fun than she had ever had in her life. She was living each hour for itself.
There was only a day now before Bess would arrive. Passing her gleaming mirrors, at first with vague awareness, then with painful clarity, Lottie saw herself as others saw her, and could not stand the sight.
She went on a spending spree from the specialty shops to beauty salon, emerging transformed into a woman who believed in miracles.
She was in the kitchen cooking a turkey when Bess rang the bell. Her heart raced, and she wondered if the heat from the oven was responsible.
She went to the door, and Bess stood before her. Stiffly she suffered Bess's embrace, her heart racing harder, her eyes suddenly smarting from the onrush of cold air.
"Oh, Lottie, it's good to see you," Bess said, but saying nothing about Lottie's splendid appearance. Upstairs Bess, putting down her shabby suitcase, said, "I'll sleep like a rock tonight," without a word of praise for her lovely room. At the lavish table, top-heavy with turkey, Bess said, "I'll take light and dark both," with no marveling at the size of the bird, or that there was turkey for two elderly women, one of them too poor to buy her own bread.
With the glow of good food in her stomach, Bess began to tell stories. They were rich with places and people, most of them lowly, all of them magnificent. Her face reflected the joys and sorrows of her remembering, and above all, the love she lived by that enhanced the poorest place, the humblest person.
Then it was that Lottie knew why Bess had made no mention of her finery, or the shining room, or the twelve-pound turkey. She had not even seen them. Tomorrow she would see the room as it really looked, and Lottie as she really looked, and the warmed-over turkey in its second-day glory. Tonight she saw only what she had come seeking, a place in her sister's home and heart.
She said, "That's enough about me. How have the years used you?"
"It was me who didn't use them," said Lottie with regret. "I saved for them. I forgot the best of them would go without my ever spending a day or a dollar enjoying them. That's my life story, a life never lived. Now it's too near the end to try."
Bess said, "To know how much there is to know is the beginning of learning to live. Don't count the years that are left us. At our time of life it's the days that count. You've too much catching up to do to waste a minute of a waking hour feeling sorry for yourself." Lottie grinned, a real wide open grin, "Well, to tell the truth I felt sorry for you. Maybe if I had any sense I'd feel sorry for myself, after all. I know I'm too old to kick up my heels, but I'm going to let you show me how. If I land on my head, I guess it won't matter. I feel giddy already, and I like it."
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