4-1 奥运官员说奥运（在线收听）

Coordination Officer on Olympic Games

E Huiyuan: Holding Olympic Games can promote the development of economy, culture and physical culture of a country. It means greater significance to host cities. As the coordination officer of Sydney Olympic Games, what do you think the Olympic Games will offer to host cities?

Simon Cousins: The Olympic Games offers a host city the opportunity to lead a world? wide celebration of humanity, of human performance, of culture and cultural exchange, and reminds the world of the possibility of peace. Sydney became firmly established as a "world city" after Sydney 2000, whereas before the Games it was merely a regional city. Additionally, the legacies¹ which remain in a host city long after the Games have ended include pride, history and infrastructural improvements.

E Huiyuan: Since the Los Angeles Olympic Games, Olympic Games is getting more and more commercialized, which arouses endless debates. Could you give us your opinion about this issue?

Simon Cousins: The Athens 2004 Olympic Games promises to be a "human scale" Games. It will be interesting to see how an intimate² Games is reconciled³ against the need for massive sponsorship revenues. Commercialism is sometimes crass⁴ and often inappropriate, however remember that the huge sums of money needed to stage an Olympic Games usually result in the host city making only a small profit, if at all. In summary, money is necessary for a successful modern Games, and that money can only be supplied (in the main) by Olympic sponsors. This is the state of the modern world, and is not the fault of the Olympic Movement, in my personal opinion.

E Huiyuan: During the 2000 Olympic Games, we were deeply impressed by the beautiful environment of Sydney, the harmonious relations between human beings and nature and citizens'strong consciousness of environment protection. Beijing now is making efforts to make the 2008 Olympic Games"Green Olympics" and "People's Olympics." As a coordination consultant for BOCOG (Beijing Organizing Committee for the Games of 29th Olympiad), how do you think about the progress in Beijing towards the target?

Simon Cousins: Beijing's authorities clearly established their "Green credentials⁵" since before the 2008 bid. The reforestation efforts, the policies to improve the quality of Beijing's air and water, and other such policies existed prior to 2000. I am firmly convinced that Beijing will soon become one of the world's leading Green cities. I understand that the Ministry of Science and Technology is currently working on a "Green building" code that will exceed the toughest code in current use. This new Chinese "Green building" code has the potential to lead the world (and to be adopted by the world), further demonstrating the importance that the Beijing authorities place on a clean environment.

Let me put it another way: I would have no worry about taking a swim in the waters of Hou Hai (as soon as the ice thaws!) The water is clean. On the other hand, parts of Beijing will need further work in beautification, however by the time that most of the current boom in building has subsided⁶, the city's face to the world will have transformed itself.

E Huiyuan: There were more than 48,000 volunteers for Sydney Olympic Games. They did a lot of work to guarantee the success of Sydney Olympic Games. At present, many Chinese youth, especially the college students, wish to become volunteers for Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, what are the qualifications for volunteers?

Simon Cousins: I am not well informed enough to quote official guidelines, but from the experience of Sydney 2000, I would rate the following human qualities to be very important: Honesty,  integrity,  patience and enthusiasm for the host city. Volunteering for an Olympic Games is an experience that can be remembered for a lifetime. I completely support the volunteer programs, and I'm confident that Beijing's volunteer program will be the best ever. (How could it not? Beijing is one of the world's friendliest cities already!)

E Huiyuan: Many stadiums, gymnasiums and necessary facilities are needed for the Olympic Games. But after the ending of the Games, would these buildings be left unused? How does the Sydney municipal government do with these stadiums and gymnasiums?

Simon Cousins: All of the special facilities built for the Sydney 2000 games are still in good use: for example, the main Olympic Green and Athlete's Village were converted to a thriving new residential precinct⁷ over the year following 2000. This was part of the master plan, of course, and I know that BOCOG has a similar level of planning underway. The citizens of Sydney have made the Olympic Green area a very popular precinct, because of the exceptionally high environmental characteristics of the area.

It should also be remembered that for the time of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games, a considerable amount of infrastructure is "overlay" (that is to say, not permanent). Practically all of the overlay infrastructure was re? deployed following the conclusion of the Games, thus enhancing not only the Games areas of Sydney, but small towns and villages right across the state. Judicious⁸ planning of overlay infrastructure can therefore result in an infrastructural Olympic legacy for many more people than just those in the capital city.

注释:

1.legacy [5le^Esi] n. 〈喻〉遗产（指祖先遗留下来的精神或物质财富或影响）

2.intimate [5intimit] a. 熟悉的，密切的

3.reconcil [7rekEnsaIl] vt. 使符合，使一致，调和

4.crass [krAs] a. 粗俗的，冷酷的，愚钝的

5.credential [kri5denFEl] n. （某人）可以信任的证明

6.subside [sEb5said] vi. 减退，消失，平静

7.precinct [5pri:siNkt] n. （市镇中作特定用途的）区域

8.judicious [dVu(:)5diFEs] a. 明智而审慎的，有见地的

奥运官员说奥运

鄂慧媛：举办奥运会可以促进一个国家的经济、文化、体育等方面的发展，对主办城市来说还有着更重大的意义。作为悉尼奥运会的协调官员，您认为奥运会能为主办城市带来什么呢？

西蒙•卡曾斯：奥运会使主办城市有机会承办世界性的人文、竞技、文化与文化交流的庆典，并提醒全世界的人们和平是可以实现的。2000年悉尼奥运会后，悉尼奠定了它“国际城市”的牢固地位，而在此之前，悉尼仅仅是个区域性城市。此外，奥运会结束后的很长一段时间里，自豪感、历史和改善了的基础设施等都将作为奥运遗产保留在主办城市。

鄂：自从洛杉矶奥运会以来，奥运会日益趋向于商业化，这引起了无休止的争论。您能否谈谈您对这一问题的看法？

西蒙•卡曾斯：2004年雅典奥运会承诺将是一场“人类尺度”的赛事。去了解我们所熟知的奥运会如何与对巨额赞助资金的需要相互协调，这会是非常有趣的。重商主义有时是粗俗的，而且经常是不适当的，但是我们要想到，举办奥运会需要大量资金，这通常使主办城市仅仅获得很少的利润（如果有的话）。总之，资金对现代奥运会的成功举办是必不可少的，所需资金的惟一来源（基本上）是奥运赞助商。在我看来，这是现代社会的现状，并不是奥林匹克运动的错误。

鄂：2000年奥运会期间，悉尼优美的环境、人与自然和谐相处的情景和市民们强烈的环保意识，给我们留下了深刻的印象。北京也正在为实现2008年“绿色奥运”、“人文奥运”的目标进行积极努力。作为北京奥组委的协调顾问，您认为北京在实现这一目标方面进展如何？

西蒙•卡曾斯：北京政府在申办2008年奥运会前就已经明确制定了建立绿色城市的方针。在2000年以前，北京政府就开始了重新植树造林的活动，制定了旨在改善空气和水资源质量的政策和其他环保政策。我坚信北京将很快成为世界领先的绿色城市之一。据我了解，科技部正在制定“绿色建筑”的标准，这个标准将比现在使用的任何标准都要严格。这个新的中国“绿色建筑”标准有望在世界处于领先地位（并被世界其他国家采纳），进一步表明了北京政府对营造一个清洁环境的重视。

换句话说，我并不害怕在后海中游泳（只要冰一融化）。那里的水是干净的。另一方面，北京的一些地方还需要进一步的美化，但随着现在建筑热潮的降温，城市的面貌会自己发生变化。

鄂：悉尼奥运会上有4.8万多名志愿者，他们为悉尼奥运会的成功举办做了大量工作。目前，许多中国年轻人，尤其是大学生，希望能够成为2008年北京奥运会的志愿者，那么成为一名志愿者需要具备哪些条件呢？

西蒙•卡曾斯：由于对情况并不十分了解，我无法引用官方的指导原则，但是根据2000年悉尼奥运会的经验，我认为以下几点品质是很重要的：诚实、正直、耐心和对主办城市的热情。成为一届奥运会的志愿者是一段令人终身难忘的经历。我完全支持志愿者活动，我相信北京的志愿者活动将会是最棒的。（怎么能不是呢？北京已经是世界上最友好的城市之一了！）

鄂：举办奥运会需要修建不少运动场馆及其配套设施。但随着奥运会的结束，这些场馆会不会因此而闲置呢？悉尼市政府在处理奥运场馆方面是怎样做的呢？

西蒙•卡曾斯：所有专为2000年悉尼奥运会修建的设施仍在被充分地利用。比如说，在2001年，奥林匹克公园的主要场所和运动员村改建成了一个繁华的新居住区。当然了，这只是主要计划的一部分，我知道北京奥组委也启动了类似的计划。悉尼市民使奥林匹克公园地区成了一个广受欢迎的场所，这得益于该地区特别优美的环境特征。

我们也应该记得，悉尼奥运会和残疾人奥运会期间，修建了大量的“覆盖”性基础设施（也就是说，那些设施不是永久性的）。实际上，在运动会结束后，所有的覆盖性基础设施都被重新配置，这不仅使悉尼运动赛区受益，也惠及整个州的小城镇和乡村。因此，对覆盖性基础设施的明智规划，可以让更多的人，而不仅仅是首都市民，享用奥林匹克运动会的基础设施遗产。