2010年ESL之就医和人际交往 12 Calling for an Ambulance（打印版）

2010年ESL之就医和人际交往 12 Calling for an Ambulance（在线收听）

12 Calling for an Ambulance

GLOSSARY

to lose consciousness – to faint; to black out; to become unaware of where oneis and what is happening around oneself for a period of time, often because onehas been hit on the head or has had too much to drink

* Have you ever had so much alcohol that you lost consciousness?

911 – an emergency number that can be dialed on any telephone in the UnitedStates to be connected with emergency services (police, ambulance services,firefighters, poison control center, etc.)

* When Jackie heard strange sounds in the middle of the night, she called 911and asked them to send a police officer to her home.

paramedic – a person whose job is to provide emergency medical services tostabilize a patient, but is not a doctor or nurse

* The paramedics made sure the little girl continued to breathe on the way to thehospital.

to black out – to lose consciousness; to faint; to become unaware of where oneis and what is happening around oneself for a period of time, often because onehas been hit on the head or has had too much to drink

* Sheila blacked out when the baseball hit her on the head, but she was finewithin a few minutes.

a history of – past events; records of things that have happened in the past

* His father has a history of heart attacks, but the last one was almost 10 yearsago.

allergy – a physical reaction that occurs when one eats or touches something,usually causing breathing problems or red, itchy skin

* Angel has an allergy to cats, so whenever he comes to visit, we have to put ourcats outside and vacuum really well.

to bleed – to lose blood; for a warm, sticky, red liquid to come out of a cut orother opening in one’s skin

* Your dog bit my son, and now he’s bleeding!

wound – an injury, especially when the skin has been cut or otherwise opened

* Many animals lick their wounds until they stop hurting.

to stay still – to not move; to remain in one position

* It seems like it’s impossible for two-year-olds to stay still for more than a fewseconds!

to get checked out – to be examined; to be searched for problems or anythingunusual

* It’s a good idea to get a used car checked out by a professional mechanicbefore deciding to buy it.

stretcher – a special bed on wheels, used in hospitals to move people whocannot walk for medical reasons

* The doctors used a stretcher to move the unconscious patient from theoperating room to the recovery room.

ambulance – a large vehicle used to move people from where they were hurt toa hospital, with room for the patient to lie down, full of medical instruments,equipment, and medicine

* Did you ride an ambulance to our hospital, or did your wife drive you here?

emergency room – the part of a hospital where people can go when they arehaving a medical emergency and must be seen by a doctor right away, withoutmaking an appointment ahead of time

* If your child has a temperature of more than 105 degrees, take him or her to theemergency room.

helicopter – a flying machine that is smaller than an airplane and does not havewings, but instead has one large propeller on the top that moves around to keepthe device in the air

* The news channel uses a helicopter to take pictures of the cars on majorstreets and highways and to find out which roads are the busiest during rushhour.

medivac – medical evacuation; an emergency service that moves injured peoplevery quickly from where they were hurt to a hospital, usually by helicopter

* The rock climber fell down a cliff and was taken by medivac to a hospital, wheredoctors tried to save her life.

injection – shot; medication or a vaccination that is pushed into one’s veins(tubes that carry blood through the body) by a sharp needle

* Many people are scared of injections, even though they don’t hurt very much.

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

1. What happens when a patient blacks out?

a) He or she stops breathing.

b) His or her skin becomes darker from a lack of oxygen.

c) He or she loses consciousness.

2. In most cases, which of these is the fastest way to get to a hospital?

a) In an ambulance.

b) On a stretcher.

c) By medivac.

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WHAT ELSE DOES IT MEAN?

to black out

The phrase “to black out,” in this podcast, means to lose consciousness or tobecome unaware of where one is and what is happening around oneself for aperiod of time: “Max felt dizzy and thought he was going to black out, but he feltfine after sitting down and drinking some water.” The phrase “to black(something) out” means to draw a thick, black line through the words printed on apage so that they cannot be read by other people: “After re-reading what she hadwritten, she blacked out almost all the words on the page.” Finally, the phrase “toblacklist (someone or something)” means to put someone or something on a listof things that are bad and should not be used or supported: “If you fight againstthe labor unions, you’ll be blacklisted and you’ll never find a job in this townagain.”

wound

In this podcast, the word “wound” means an injury, especially when the skin hasbeen cut or otherwise opened: “After the earthquake, doctors had to treathundreds of patients with minor wounds.” The phrase “to open old wounds”

means to remind someone of something very painful or hurtful that happened inthe past: “Let’s not open old wounds by talking about what happened after Daddied.” The phrase “to rub salt into the wound” means to make a bad situationworse for someone: “Getting a divorce was bad enough, but then my motherrubbed salt into the wound by saying it was my fault.” Finally, the phrase “to lick(one’s) wounds” means to think about something bad that has happened and feelsad about it: “Give her some time to lick her wounds. I’m sure she’ll give you acall when she’s ready to be around friends again.”

CULTURE NOTE

In the United States, “EMTs” (“emergency medical technicians”) are “healthcareproviders” (people who provide medical care) who help sick and injured peoplebefore they can get to a hospital, or while they are “en route” (traveling; on theirway) to a hospital.

EMTs are usually the “first responders” (first people to react or arrive) toemergency calls. Doctors and nurses generally don’t travel to the “site” (location)of emergencies, but instead wait for EMTs to bring the patients to them. EMTswork to “stabilize” (put something in a steady, unchanging condition, out ofdanger) patients and transport them to a hospital. EMTs can “perform” (do)some medical procedures. For example, they can provide “CPR”

(cardiopulmonary resuscitation; assisted breathing and heart pumping),“immobilize” (not allow movement of) the body, and “splint” (use materials to holdpart of the body still) broken bones.

Some EMTs work for ambulance companies. Other EMTs work for hospitals, firedepartments, police departments, or even universities that want to provideemergency medical services for their students. EMTs can “achieve” (get, earn)different levels of certification depending on how much training and experiencethey have. Training can last anywhere between two weeks and two years.

EMT certifications “vary” (are different) by state, but they all have to meet certainnational “standards” (requirements). Some EMTs choose to get specializedcertifications for specific areas of medicine, such as “wilderness” (related toundeveloped natural areas) EMTs and flight EMTs. EMTs with the highest levelof certification are known as “paramedics.” Each level of certification allowsEMTs to perform more medical procedures than EMTs with lower levels ofcertification.

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Comprehension Questions Correct Answers: 1 – c; 2 – c

COMPLETE TRANSCRIPT

Welcome to English as a Second Language Podcast number 602: Calling for anAmbulance.

This is English as a Second Language Podcast episode 602. I’m your host, Dr.

Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational Development inbeautiful Los Angeles, California.

Our website is eslpod.com. Download a Learning Guide for this episode. It willgive you all of the vocabulary, definitions, sample sentences, additionaldefinitions, comprehension questions, cultural notes, and a complete transcript ofeverything we say.

This episode is called “Calling for an Ambulance.” An “ambulance” is a specialtruck or car that takes sick people from where they are to a hospital. Let’s getstarted.

[start of dialogue]

Brad: Are you all right?

Lydia: What…what happened?

Brad: You lost consciousness and someone called 911. My name is Brad andI’m a paramedic. Can you answer a few questions for me?

Lydia: I’ll try.

Brad: Have you ever blacked out before?

Lydia: No, I don’t think so.

Brad: Do you have a history of medical problems? Do you have any allergies tomedication?

Lydia: Not that I know of.

Brad: Okay. Where are you hurt? Are you in any pain?

Lydia: I think I hit my head when I fell down. Oh, it’s bleeding. Oh my God, I’mbleeding!

Brad: Stay calm and let me examine the wound.

Lydia: Oh my God, I’m going to bleed to death!

Brad: Try to stay still. The wound doesn’t look too serious, but we’ll get you tothe hospital to get checked out. We’ll get a stretcher so we can get you into theambulance and take you to the emergency room. Try to stay clam.

Lydia: Calm? How can I stay calm when I’m bleeding to death? I need ahelicopter to take me to the hospital right away. Call medivac!

Brad: Ma’am, you don’t need a helicopter. I’m just going to give you a littleinjection to help you with the pain and to help you relax.

Lydia: I’m going to die…I’m going to…Brad: Phew!

[end of dialogue]

Our dialogue begins with Brad asking Lydia, “Are you all right (are you okay)?”

Lydia says, “What…what happened?” She seems confused. Brad says, “Youlost consciousness and someone called 911. My name is Brad and I’m aparamedic. Can you answer a few questions for me?” Brad is a paramedic(paramedic). A “paramedic” is a person whose job it is to provide emergencymedical services and treatment, but who is not a doctor or a nurse. They areusually people who go out when there’s an accident, for example, and someoneis hurt or injured. The paramedic will go in the “ambulance,” which is a specialcar or truck that we use to transport – to move people who are sick and injured inan emergency to the hospital. With the ambulance, then, the paramedic will tryto help the person who is hurt or injured, and that’s what Brad is doing here.

He says to Lydia, “You lost consciousness.” “To lose consciousness” means tobecome unaware of where you are for some period of time, often because youhave been hit on the head or perhaps you have been drinking too much alcohol.

Another way of saying “to lose consciousness,” a little more common, is “to faint”

(faint), or “to black out.” Brad says, “someone called 911.” In the United States ifyou have an emergency, something that you need help with, either medical help or police help, you pick up any phone and you dial 911. Everywhere in theUnited States that is the emergency telephone number.

Brad asks Lydia if she can answer some questions for him. Lydia says, “I’ll try.”

Brad says, “Have you ever blacked out before?” “To black out” is a two-wordphrasal verb that we just defined; it means to lose consciousness, to becomeunaware of where you are. The word “black” has several different meanings inEnglish; take a look at our Learning Guide for some additional explanations.

Lydia says, “No, I don’t think so (I don’t think I have ever blacked out before).” Idon’t think I’ve ever blacked out either – or maybe I did and I don’t remember.

Brad says, “Do you have a history of medical problems?” A “history of” heremeans past occurrences, past events, a record of things that happened in thepast. “My father had a history of heart attacks,” meaning he had several heartattacks in the past. Or, you could say, “She has a history of mental illness,” she’snot thinking correctly; she’s a little crazy. That would describe my neighbor!

Brad says, “Do you have any allergies to medication?” “Medication” is justanother word for medicine or drugs. “Allergies” are physical reactions that occur– that happen when you eat something or touch something, or in this case, takesome sort of medicine. Some people have allergies to certain plants, somepeople have allergies to cats, some people just don’t like cats, it just depends onwho you are.

Lydia says that she doesn’t know of any allergies that she has. She says, “Notthat I know of,” meaning no, I don’t think so. We use “not that I know of” whenwe don’t think it’s true but we may not know for sure. Brad says, “Okay. Whereare you hurt? Are you in any pain?” Lydia says, “I think I hit my head when I felldown. Oh, it’s bleeding.” “To bleed” (bleed) means to lose blood. Your redblood comes out of your skin and you are, therefore, bleeding. If you cutyourself, for example, you will bleed.

Lydia says, “Oh my God, I’m bleeding!” She’s getting very excited now that sheknows that she’s been bleeding. Brad tells her to stay calm, don’t get excited.

He asks her to let him examine the wound (wound). A “wound” is an injury, whenyou hurt yourself, especially if your skin has been cut and you are bleeding. Thatis often what we mean when say someone has a wound. “Wound” can also be averb: “to wound (someone)” means to hurt them.

Lydia says again, “Oh my God, I’m going to bleed to death!” meaning I’m going tolose so much blood that I will die. Lydia is panicking; she is not staying calm.

Brad says, “Try to stay still,” meaning don’t move, stay in this position. “Try to stay still. The wound doesn’t look too serious, but we’ll get you to the hospital toget checked out.” “To get checked out,” in this case, means to be examined, tobe searched for problems or anything unusual. Here, it means the doctor isgoing to examine her to make sure she is okay. Brad then says, “We’ll get astretcher so we can get you into the ambulance and take you to the emergencyroom.” A “stretcher” is a special bed on wheels that they use in hospitals tomove people who cannot walk on their own. They’re going to put her on astretcher and put her into the ambulance, and then go to the emergency room.

The “emergency room” is the part of the hospital where people go when theyneed to be treated right away. If they are shot or cut or having a heart attack,you would take someone to the emergency room.

Brad then says, again, to Lydia, “Try to stay clam.” Lydia says, “Calm? How canI stay calm when I’m bleeding to death? I need a helicopter to take me to thehospital right away.” A “helicopter” is something like an airplane, a machine, butit goes straight up in the air and is able to fly. Lydia is asking for a helicopter totake her to the hospital, she thinks she is seriously hurt. She says, “Callmedivac!” “Medivac” stands for medical evacuation; it’s an emergency servicethat moves people very quickly using helicopters, usually because they are along way from the hospital. This is not a situation where you need a helicopter,but Lydia is panicking and so that’s what she says.

Brad says, “Ma’am, you don’t need a helicopter. I’m just going to give you a littleinjection to help you with the pain and to help you relax.” An “injection” is alsocalled a “shot,” it’s when a doctor or a nurse puts a piece of metal into you, whatwe would call a “needle,” and uses that to “inject,” or put into your body medicineor drugs.

Lydia is very excited. Brad calms her down by giving her something to relax herand to help her with the pain. She says, “I’m going to die…I’m going to…” andthen she falls asleep, and Brad expresses relief – happiness; he says, “Phew!”

Now let’s listen to the dialogue, this time at a normal speed.