VOA常速英语2015--世行和IMF关注发展缓慢和改革（在线收听）

世行和IMF关注发展缓慢和改革

Top central bank and financial officials from nearly 200 nations are in Washington for World Bank and International Monetary Fund meetings that will focus on speeding up economic growth, creating jobs, and avoiding political bickering. New studies show the pace of global growth is frustratingly slow.

Even with falling oil prices and strong U.S. growth, the head of the International Monetary Fund said the global economy only expanded around 3.4 percent last year. While that is near the average growth over the last couple of decades, IMF Managing Director Christine Lagarde said growth was uneven and too slow.

尽管目前油价下跌且美国经济走强，国际货币基金组织总爱称全球经济去年只增长了约3.4%，这相当于过去几十年的平均增速，但IMF总裁克里斯汀娜·拉加德称发展仍不平衡且太慢。

"Given the lingering impact of the great recession on people, it is actually generating hardship for many people around the world, including those countries where more than 50 percent of the youth population goes unemployed. So growth is not good enough," she said.

“考虑到大衰退对人们的持续影响，事实上全世界很多人都在面临艰难境地，包括那些50%以上年轻人都失业的国家，所以发展并不够好。”

Lagarde urged nations to take advantage of lower oil prices to cut energy subsidies and use the saved money on education to boost long-term economic growth.

拉加德敦促各国利用低油价的优势来削减能源补贴，将省下的资金用于教育，来促进经济的长期发展。

The IMF chief said progress on trade agreements could also help growth and employment, while better access to credit could help small businesses hire more people.

IMF总裁称贸易协议方面的发展也能促进发展和就业，更容易获得贷款可以帮助小企业雇佣更多员工。

And she called for more investment in infrastructure to provide jobs in the short term and bolster growth in the long term by facilitating commerce.

她敦促加大对基础设施的投资，从而在短期内提供就业，通过为商业提供便利来促进长期发展。

Improved infrastructure is also the focus of the new Chinese-led Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. Some analysts see it as a rival to the IMF and World Bank, which critics say are unfairly dominated by Western nations.

改善基础设施也是新的以中国为主导的亚投行的关注点，一些分析家认为该行是IMF和世界银行的对手，而一些批评家称该行主要为西方国家所把持，这是不公平的。

World Bank President Jim Yong Kim is urging the new bank to adhere to high standards for dealing with environmental and labor issues.

世界银行行长金镛敦促亚投行遵守环境和劳工问题方面的高标准。

"Poverty is 2.5 billion people not having access to financial services like bank accounts. Poverty is 1.4 billion people without access to electricity. Poverty is having to put your children to bed at night without food. And poverty is not going to school because, in order to survive, everyone in the family needs to make a few cents every day," he said.

“贫困是25亿人得不到银行账户这样的金融服务，贫困是14亿人没有电力，贫困是你的孩子晚上睡觉时饿着肚子，贫困是为了生存，每个家庭成员每天都需要挣一点钱，所以孩子无法上学。”

He also said nearly one billion people around the world struggle to survive on less than $1.25 a day. Kim pledged to work closely with the new bank because the enemy was poverty - not other institutions.

他还说全世界有近10亿人在艰难生存，每天生活费不到1.25美元。他承诺与亚投行密切合作，因为敌人是贫困，而不是其他机构。

World Bank critics said the global lender would fight poverty more effectively if it speeded up efforts to reform its large bureaucracy and improved safeguards for people and environments affected by bank projects.

世界银行批评者称如果这个全球债主能加大改革其庞大官僚机构的力度，并保护那些受银行项目影响的人们和环境，那么就能更有效地对付贫困。

Nezir Sinani of the advocacy group Bank Information Center said he was worried by proposals to ask borrowing nations to implement labor and environmental safeguards.

宣传组织银行信息中心的Nezir Sinani称他对那些要求借债国实施劳工和环境保护措施的提议感到担忧。

"That is going to result in huge problems in many countries that we know today are not good at defending human rights or civil liberties," said Sinani.

“这将在很多国家导致巨大的问题，我们现在知道这些国家不善于保护人权和公民自由。”

Top World Bank and IMF officials will be discussing these and other complex issues this week with financial and bank officials from member nations around the world as they gather here in Washington.

世行和IMF高管们本周在华盛顿会面时将和成员国的财政和银行官员们商讨如上这些和其他的复杂问题。