VOA常速英语2015--对世卫组织埃博拉应对的评估（在线收听）

对世卫组织埃博拉应对的评估

A panel of experts released its assessment Tuesday on the World Health Organization’s response to the West Africa Ebola outbreak. It said the crisis not only exposed organizational failings in the WHO, but shortcomings in the 10 year old International Health Regulations. The panel’s chair called the outbreak a defining moment.

一组专家周二发布了对世卫组织在西非埃博拉疫情中应对情况的评估结果，称则常危机不仅暴露了世卫组织的组织失误，还暴露出有着10年历史的国际卫生条例的缺点。专家组主席称这场疫情为关键性时刻。

Former Oxfam Great Britain Executive Director – Dame Barbara Stocking – unveiled the findings of the Ebola Interim Assessment Panel.

乐施会前驻英国执行董事芭芭拉·斯托金夫人公布了埃博拉临时评估小组的调查结果。

“I think you all know that a year back from now we were really looking into the abyss, wondering how we could make sure that Ebola did not spread to the whole world.”

“我想大家都知道，一年前我们濒临深渊，想办法努力不让埃博拉在全世界范围内传播。”

She explained why the scale of the disease was a defining moment for the WHO and member states.

她解释说为何这场疫情的规模对世卫组织和成员国来说是个决定性时刻。

“We think that there is a need for reform in the International Health Regulations. There is a need already for adherence to the regulations that are there, but we think they need strengthening. In part, because there are few incentives for countries to declare emergencies, but also a number of countries do in emergencies, including this one, put on trade and travel bans, which not only frighten people out of declaring, but they also make it very difficult to deliver a proper response,” she said.

“我想国际卫生条例需要进行改革，确实需要在各个方面遵守该条例，但我们认为这些条例需要得到加强。这部分是因为各国缺少宣布紧急状态的内在激励，而且那些宣布紧急状态的国家会实行贸易和旅行限制，这不仅让人们惊恐得不敢宣布疫情，而且还使得适当的应对很难进行。”

The panel examined the WHO as a health emergency agency.

该专家组将世卫组织作为卫生应急机构来进行检查。

“We know that for it to function properly for that it will need to be changed quite a lot to be truly fit for purpose. But we think that is perfectly possible and we are very pleased to know that the World Health Assembly agreed with us,” said Stocking.

“我们知道，世卫组织要想恰当运行，就需要在很多方面做出改变，从而真正发挥其作用。我们认为这是可行的，而且很高兴得知世界卫生大会赞同我们的看法。”

The panel also considered the WHO’s role and cooperation with other health and humanitarian systems.

该专家组还考虑了世卫组织的角色，以及其与其他卫生和人道主义体系的合作。

“WHO needs to make sure that it is properly interconnected with that wider humanitarian system. Because we believe that if that had happened back in May/June of last year, we wouldn’t have reached the position that we did,” she said.

“世卫组织需要确保它能与更广泛的人道主义体系相关联，因为我们认为如果去年5、6月份就是这样，我们今天就无需这么做了。”

The experts said WHO member states must also do their part, including “political and financial support to the organization.”

专家们说世卫组织成员国必须尽自己的一份力，包括“对世卫组织提供政治和财政支持”。

The Ebola Interim Assessment Panel said while “health is considered the sovereign responsibility of countries, the means to fulfill this responsibility are increasingly global.”

埃博拉临时评估小组称，尽管“卫生问题被视为各国的主权责任，这就意味着履行该责任也越发变得全球化”。

It recommended that countries should be given incentives to encourage them to notify public health risks to the WHO. It also said global health issues should be at the center of the global security agenda. The panel added that the World Health Organization should remain the lead agency in an emergency response. But it stressed that organizational and financial issues must be urgently addressed.

专家组建议应该给各国以激励，鼓励其将公共健康风险告知世卫组织，而且，全球卫生问题应该成为全球安全议程的中心问题。专家组还说，世卫组织应该在紧急应对上发挥带头作用，但同时强调必须立即解决其组织和财政问题。